明末到民国时期康区宗教性集会与集市之关系考察——以甘孜镇为例

宗教性集会是藏传佛教传统文化的重要内容,既有宗教和文化娱乐的功能,还具有经济功能--为剩余产品的交换提供时空条件.这样,借助宗教性集会形成藏区集市.文章以甘孜镇宗教性集会、集市为例,简要探讨明末到民国时期这一时间段内,康区宗教性集会与集市的关系及其特点.     

“动态镜头”、“运动镜头”、“运动摄像”及相关概念辨析

在关于电视画面运动的讨论中,有好几个概念都存在彼此牵连、界定不清的问题。为了廓清思路,更好地指导实践,可从拍摄的角度起用一个新概念——“固定拍摄”,以便与传统的“运动摄像”概念形成呼应;从后期剪辑的角度,则可以起用一对新概念——“静态镜头”和“动态镜头”,以适应观众对画面的把握方式;同时,对传统的一对概念“固定镜头”和“运动镜头”相应地需要进行更准确的定位和把握。最后,对与“运动摄像”相关的一系列容易让人误解的传统概念、术语也进行了更为细致的辨别。     

近代小说观念的转型特征和体认

新小说肩负着匡世新民的历史重任登上晚清民初的主流文坛,对传统的检讨与对异域文学的吸纳,形成中国小说观念转型进程继承和反叛的时代特质。中国小说观念展示了社会文化和时代环境选择的巨大威力,中国文学气脉和小说精神在断裂与延续的文学生态中走向崇高,小说观念在自新和他新的文学征程中,实现了文类地位和审美取向的时代转变。     

Human capital,family structure and religiosity shaping British Muslim women’s labour market participation

Economic activity among Muslim women in the UK remains considerably lower and their unemployment rate significantly higher than among the majority group even after controlling for qualifications and other individual characteristics. This study utilises two data sets to explore possible factors underlying these differences, such as overseas qualifications, language skills and religiosity. It reveals that while religiosity is negatively associated with labour market participation among British Christian-White women, economic activity among Muslim women are not negatively affected by high religiosity. Furthermore, family structure and the presence of dependent children were among the most important factors explaining the latter’s labour market participation, although these relationships were moderated by qualifications. More women with higher qualifications were economically active even if married and with children, although some of them experienced greater unemployment, probably due to discrimination in recruiting practices and choices and preferences on religious grounds.     

Institutional Governance of Minority Religious Practices: Insights from a Study of Muslim Practices in Danish Schools

An increasing number of studies are concerned with the ways in which the religious practices of Europe's minority populations are accommodated on the political, national and local levels. In this article, I present a case study of Muslim practices in Danish schools. The study is an investigation of how and why six selected practices are governed in Danish schools: halal food, fasting, prayer, head scarves, holidays and mosques. The results underline the importance of the specific practice in question for the way in which it is governed: some practices are easily accommodated, while others are rejected outright by the schools. Furthermore, the study demonstrates how governance of Muslim practices is developed in the absence of national regulation and against the prevailing ideals in the Danish public debate. In fact, the governance developed seems to be a direct response to the number of Muslim children in school and in line with general school ideals of inclusion. However, the results also indicate that more direct involvement by local or national authorities might push schools to be more exclusive with regard to Muslim practices.     

儒教宗教论的再讨论——中国宗教社会学的视角

“儒教是否为宗教”的几十年争论,焦点集中在儒教是否有一个至上神,是否存在以此为中心的宗教制度或组织。实际上,即制度即分散的社会存在形式,决定了中国儒教的关系主义宗教模式,进而摆脱了以至上神为核心的宗教定义方式,决定了儒教的宗教性表达形式,不像基督教那样,具有一神教排他性而予以制度化。因此,儒教既有对现实权力秩序的制度依赖,亦有个人信仰者的弥散型道德讲求。其大,可囊括天下;其小,能独善其身。这就建构了中国儒教的社会学意义。     

西学东渐与中国近代女性道德观的演进

鸦片战争后,伴随着西学东渐的深入,近代西方女权思想、人权观念、婚姻理论等渐次传人中国,在近代中国社会引起共鸣。近代先进之士对比中西方女性道德文化,在对中国传统妇德的缺陷进行深刻反省和检讨的基础上,提出了近代意义上的新型女性道德观。这种新型女性道德观的形成与发展,集中地反映了近代先进知识分子对传统性别伦理道德反思的深度和广度,也清晰折射出西学东渐的日益加深。     

唐代大海寺的佛教造像

大海寺始建于北朝,盛于唐代,北宋以后衰落。大海寺遗址出土的佛教造像以唐代中晚期造像艺术成就最高。文章探讨了大海寺的历史,并着重分析了唐代大海寺的佛教造像、宗教信仰及造像艺术。     

铲除恐怖主义根源,建设民族和谐社会

少数分裂分子是靠歪曲历史和现实,宣扬极端宗教狂热来制造事端的。政教合一的政权必然导致宗教压迫和精神奴役,宗教对抗是人民之间相互摧残的悲剧。恐怖主义是极端宗教的产物;违背良善谋划宗教对抗是对时代的反动。民族地区稳定和谐的基础是信仰自由和宗教和谐,必须划清群体事件和犯罪案件的界限。     

评马克斯·韦伯社会学中分析近代资本主义起源的两个视角：宗教伦理与制度安排

从“韦伯分析近代资本主义起源的方法 ;宗教伦理价值观与近代资本主义的起源 ;制度安排对近代资本主义起源的影响”等方面 ,概略地描述和分析了韦伯的思想 ,即韦伯探讨近代资本主义为什么起源于西方而不是起源于有着悠久文明历史的东方 ?对韦伯探讨这一问题所采用的方法和基本思想进行了简要评说