Foucault,plague, Defoe

For Foucault, the experience of plague is a vital moment in the development of new techniques of power and ways of thinking about the social world. Plague compels city or state authorities to take extreme measures to control disease. Quarantine, of the home, the city, and the nation forces assessments of issues of state power, individual liberty and medical knowledge. The most important study of plague during this period was provided by Daniel Defoe’s (1722 Defoe, Daniel. 1722. Due preparations for the plague as well for soul as body London [Google Scholar]) A journal of the plague year. Defoe’s narrative style blurred the line between ‘fact’ and ‘fiction’, an authorial strategy similar to Foucault’s. If quarantine marks the turn towards disciplinary power and knowledge in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, then its failure to check the cholera epidemic of 1832 signalled the shift toward ‘biopower’, the assumption by the state of pastoral as well as disciplinary roles to public health. The state’s new role in preserving or improving the health of the population relied upon the steady accumulation of detailed empirical data. The administrator gradually displaced the author as the chronicler of disease, health and normality.     

浅谈开放教育学籍管理

学籍管理工作作为现代远程教育管理的一个重要环节,其规范化、科学化是教学管理的重要保障,同时也与学生权益息息相关,所以学籍管理人员应该不断的进行探索与完善,以填补学籍管理在远程开放教育领域的空白。不断提高系统软件功能的开发,推动学籍管理现代化,提升电大学籍管理的内涵建设,确保电大在远程教育中可持续发展,增进各部门之间的沟通协调是保证学籍管理顺畅的有效方式。     

检察机关适用指定居所监视居住的实证分析——以T市检察机关为例

2012年修改的刑事诉讼法实施以来,T市检察机关自侦案件仅对6人适用指定监视居住,调查表明指定监视居住的适用存在较大的随意性,指定监视居住的功能异化为羁押措施、侦查保障措施,指定监视居住替代逮捕的功能未能实现。完善指定监视居住适用问题的措施包括：规范指定监视居住期间的讯问,合理保障犯罪嫌疑人在指定监视居住场所内的人身自由,强化对指定监视居住的内外监督等方面。     

《哈利·波特》中权力的空间机制研究

从文化角度分析《哈利·波特》系列文本中权力的空间机制,揭示其隐匿的后现代空同叙事解构.文本中权力空间机制有两种方式——对群体的隔离和对个体的监视.权力通过空间隔离排斥魔法社会的弱势群体,保护优势群体,并强化自我群体意识;权力也通过空间监视个体,控制并规训未成年巫师的身体.该机制分析揭示了魔幻文本空间实际上充满了权力控制,权力与空间是《哈利·波特》中隐藏的后现代特性.     

A geometrically motivated parametric model in manifold estimation

The general aim of manifold estimation is reconstructing, by statistical methods, an m-dimensional compact manifold S on ^d (with m≤d) or estimating some relevant quantities related to the geometric properties of S. Focussing on the cases d=2 and d=3, with m=d or m=d?1, we will assume that the data are given by the distances to S from points randomly chosen on a band surrounding S. The aim of this paper is to show that, if S belongs to a wide class of compact sets (which we call sets with polynomial volume), the proposed statistical model leads to a relatively simple parametric formulation. In this setup, standard methodologies (method of moments, maximum likelihood) can be used to estimate some interesting geometric parameters, including curvatures and Euler characteristic. We will particularly focus on the estimation of the (d?1)-dimensional boundary measure (in Minkowski's sense) of S. It turns out, however, that the estimation problem is not straightforward since the standard estimators show a remarkably pathological behaviour: while they are consistent and asymptotically normal, their expectations are infinite. The theoretical and practical consequences of this fact are discussed in some detail.     

Modeling Undetected Live Poliovirus Circulation After Apparent Interruption of Transmission: Pakistan and Afghanistan

Since most poliovirus infections occur with no paralytic symptoms, the possibility of silent circulation complicates the confirmation of the end of poliovirus transmission. Based on empirical field experience and theoretical modeling results, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative identified three years without observing paralytic cases from wild polioviruses with good acute flaccid paralysis surveillance as an indication of sufficient confidence that poliovirus circulation stopped. The complexities of real populations and the imperfect nature of real surveillance systems subsequently demonstrated the importance of specific modeling for areas at high risk of undetected circulation, resulting in varying periods of time required to obtain the same level of confidence about no undetected circulation. Using a poliovirus transmission model that accounts for variability in transmissibility and neurovirulence for different poliovirus serotypes and characterizes country‐specific factors (e.g., vaccination and surveillance activities, demographics) related to wild and vaccine‐derived poliovirus transmission in Pakistan and Afghanistan, we consider the probability of undetected poliovirus circulation for those countries once apparent die‐out occurs (i.e., in the absence of any epidemiological signals). We find that gaps in poliovirus surveillance or reaching elimination with borderline sufficient population immunity could significantly increase the time to reach high confidence about interruption of live poliovirus transmission, such that the path taken to achieve and maintain poliovirus elimination matters. Pakistan and Afghanistan will need to sustain high‐quality surveillance for polioviruses after apparent interruption of transmission and recognize that as efforts to identify cases or circulating live polioviruses decrease, the risks of undetected circulation increase and significantly delay the global polio endgame.     

数字时代隐私和监控的双重困境： 组织传播在Web 2.0时代下的思考

Web 2.0时代的各类信息技术给隐私与监控这两个互相竞争与依存的概念带来了挑战。了解这些挑战必须首先从历史的角度理解这两个概念在东西方的不同解读。其次,随着各类信息技术的发展,现代组织对其成员的监控行为渗透到各个方面,从而导致在工作场所中这两个概念的矛盾日益加深,这一现象值得深入研究。已有相关理论文献及数据报告显示：在数字时代,组织监控的概念需要被重新审视,因为传统意义上的垂直监视呈逐渐扁平化的水平模式;在组织中,个人隐私权这一概念需要被重新定义;组织通过Web 2.0应用获得雇员信息的权利以及利用这些信息的权利应该被定义和规范。最后,已有的实证研究及现实案例表明,未来该话题的研究需跳脱表像描述模式,而更偏向概念理论研究以及对策探讨。