Use of satellite data in agricultural surveys

A major application of satellite remote sensing is the estimation of the acreage of agricultural crops. The potential for crop yield estimation using satellite remote sensing exists, but research in this area is still in its early stages. In this paper we survey the methodology for using remotely sensed data in agricultural surveys, based primarily on research conducted during the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) and the follow-on program Agricultural Research and Inventory Surveys Through Aerospace Remote Sensing (AgRISTARS). The data obtained from multispectral scanner (MSS) and thematic mapper (TM) sensors onboard the Landsat series of satellites are described. Approaches for preprocessing, transferring, and modeling these data for understanding the relationship between their temporal behavior and crop growth cycles are discussed. Finally, techniques for crop identification and area and yield estimation are briefly described     

日本电传劳动法律调适及对我国的启示

随着信息技术和网络的迅猛发展,电传劳动作为一种新型的非正规雇佣形式已经悄然兴起。电传劳动是指利用情报通信技术(ICT),即借助电话、因特网、电子邮件等通信设备或工具,在传统办公地点之外有效地利用时间和地点的灵活工作方式。电传劳动由于具有鲜明的不同于传统劳动关系的特点,因此很难进行法律规制。我国目前对电传劳动没有明确定义,也尚未对电传劳动作出法律规制。因此,从比较法的角度对电传劳动进行分析,对电传劳动进行类型化并以“软法”的形式对其进行规制是十分必要的。     

透过斯诺登事件看美国政府监控制度

通过对美国政府所实施的电话元数据项目、棱镜项目和肌肉项目等政府监控项目的法律分析可以发现,这些监控项目所依据的法律规则的合宪性和合理性都值得反思。美国联邦最高法院在20世纪70年代创设的“第三方例外”规则,在当今信息技术背景下,已显得不合理。美国联邦立法机构在“911”事件后颁布的《爱国者法案》以反恐为借口,不恰当地扩张了政府实施监控的权力范围。美国立法机构应对政府监控进行改革,以维持国家安全与个人隐私之间的平衡。     

The limits to public service: rural communities,professional families and work mobility

Australia faces an ongoing challenge recruiting professionals to staff essential human services in rural and remote communities. This paper identifies the private limits to the implicit service contract between professions and such client populations. These become evident in how private solutions to competing priorities within professional families inform their selective mobility and thus create the public problem for such communities. The paper reports on a survey of doctors, nurses, teachers and police with responsibility for school-aged children in Queensland that plumbed the strength of neoliberal values in their educational strategy and their commitment to the public good in career decisions. The quantitative analysis suggested that neoliberal values are not necessarily opposed to a commitment to the public good. However, the qualitative analysis of responses to hypothetical career opportunities in rural and remote communities drew out the multiple intertwined spatial and temporal limits to such public service, highlighting the priority given to educational strategy in these families’ deliberations. This private/public nexus poses a policy problem on multiple institutional fronts.     

‘I don't have anything to hide,but … ': the challenges and negotiations of social and mobile media privacy for non-dominant youth

Drawing from interviews and focus groups with teens in a low-income and ethnically diverse high school in central Texas, this paper explores the unique social privacy challenges and strategies of low-income and non-dominant youth. Situating the research in a broader context in which non-dominant teens are increasingly surveilled, I demonstrate how teens manage social privacy in at least three ways. First, they negotiate liminal boundaries of what constitutes a communal or shareable mobile device, which are structured around financial constraints. Second, through nonuse, they actively resist the ways mobile and social media reconfigure social and physical spaces. Third, they deliberately use multiple platforms as a way to cope with evolving privacy settings, social norms, and technological affordances; this is a deliberate strategy intended to resist social convergence. Because low-income and non-dominant youth are increasingly surveilled by adults, peers, and institutions, it is imperative that they find spaces that afford greater freedom of expression, interest-based communities, and privacy.     

刍议指定居所监视居住制度

新刑诉法针对三类犯罪案件的指定居所监视居住制度引发社会各界热议。如何理性对待该制度并在实践中规范实施是重要议题。目前,该制度在立法层面有诸多不完善之处,存在合宪性等瑕疵,公平性隐患犹存且救济不足。在实施层面也潜伏危机,滥用风险高,易转为变相羁押。当前,亟需对该制度完善立法,规范实施,拓宽权利救济渠道。     

远程作证制度研究

信息通讯技术的发展使证人远程作证成为可能,证人出庭作证有利于查明案情,提高审判效率,实现诉讼结果的正当性,维护司法公正。只有在制度的保障下,远程作证的价值才能得到最大的发挥。证人远程作证的制度规范应包含四个方面内容：远程作证的申请阶段,明确可申请远程作证的各项情形;远程作证前的准备阶段,提供程序及制度保障;正式庭审阶段,明确远程作证的具体流程及各方职责;签字确认阶段,确保资料完备,存档备查。     

基于文献计量分析法的中国生态脆弱性研究进展

以中国期刊全文数据库、中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库和中国博士学位论文全文数据库为文献检索来源,以生态脆弱性和GIS为检索词,对1980～2010年的文章进行了检索与分类统计,从数量、区域、内容、方法上对我国生态脆弱性研究进展进行分析。结果表明:期刊总论文259篇,其中核心期刊论文占44%;从1993年开始,相关期刊论文和硕博论文总体上呈逐渐上升趋势;2000年之后,我国生态脆弱性研究成为研究热点;从区域上分析,早期西南石灰岩山地生态脆弱区和华北平原生态脆弱区,北方半干旱-干旱生态脆弱区和西北半干旱生态脆弱区研究较多;后期南方丘陵生态脆弱区研究发展较快;从内容上分析,实证研究多于理论研究;从方法上分析,早期多以县域为数据单元,2000年之后开始出现栅格法地理信息系统技术,2005年起数量逐年增多。目前,从景观的角度探讨生态脆弱性的研究比较少,还没实现脆弱性的三维可视化表达。     

信息社会背景下的异地法官远程视频审判的设想

经济基础决定上层建筑。人类进入信息社会,作为上层建筑的司法制度也必然会进行变革。信息社会为司法的变革提供了物质基础,已经相对成熟的远程视频通讯技术使法官身处异地审判成为可能。我们设想由随机产生的不同地域的法官组成合议庭通过远程视频系统审理案件,并当庭作出判决,将法官从熟人社会中彻底解脱出来,完全不受人情、金钱和权力的影响,只凭证据和法律作出判断。但远程视频审判的实现有赖于一个比较充分的庭前准备,只有双方在庭审前充分的交流,包括证据和意见的展示,才可以使庭审顺利进行。     

数字媒介下高校党校远程教学体系的构建

本文对数字媒介下高校党校远程教学体系的构建问题加以论述。