我国开展住房抵押贷款证券化的需求与障碍分析

开展住房抵押贷款证券化对于我国金融改革和经济社会可持续发展具有重要的现实意义和战略意义。本文分析了我国住宅市场发展的基本概况和核心问题,提出了我国构建住宅政策性金融体系的必要性。在此基础上,分析了我国开展住房抵押贷款证券化的需求和存在的障碍。     

农村宅基地抵押试点运行机制研究

现行农村宅基地使用权抵押试点分别以财产流转性收益和农村金融市场扩展为抵押主题,采取农民房屋所有权并附属宅基地使用权间接抵押和宅基地使用权直接抵押两种模式,多种类型。试点宅基地使用权抵押融资存在抵押权合法性、抵押物处置效力的法律风险。宅基地使用权抵押应遵循适合我国土地政策和农民利益需求的合理途径,完善抵押登记制度;宅基地使用权转让应适度市场化运作,其受让后的宅基地使用权期限界定为30年为宜。     

合同法第二百八十六条的权利性质及其适用

合同法第二百八十六条规定的建设工程承包人的优先受偿权,其性质如何,在理论界引起了较大的争论。该文通过对该条文的立法背景和立法过程的考察,论证了该条所规定的权利在性质上属于法定抵押权,并对此项权利的成立条件、效力及其行使方式提出了自己的看法。     

林业政策对林权抵押贷款信用风险影响的实证分析

以198份银行信贷员的调查资料为依据,通过建立多类别逻辑回归模型,分析林业政策对林权抵押贷款信用风险的影响。研究结果表明林权登记管理政策、限额采伐管理政策、林权交易管理政策对林权抵押贷款信用风险的影响显著,指出政府应通过健全我国林权登记管理政策与完善限额采伐管理政策和林权交易管理政策等,以进一步维护金融交易安全,推动林权抵押贷款持续开展。     

房地产证券化的性质条件及在我国发展的障碍

房地产证券化的发展要求广泛的社会和市场条件 ,如成熟的房地产市场、证券市场、抵押贷款一级市场和担保市场。房地产证券化要求一级贷款市场为抵押贷款 ,而目前我国多采用担保贷款 ,如保证贷款、质押贷款等 ,这些贷款方式将贷款的债权债务关系复杂化 ,不适宜于建立抵押贷款二级市场。开展房地产证券化 ,就要规范、量化抵押房屋 ,要规范住宅抵押贷款行为 ,建立可操作的抵押贷款法规和制度。目前我国还没有推行房地产证券化的社会和法规条件 ,但可以做一些预研究或在条件成熟地区 (如深圳 )做小型试验     

单用、叠用、连用——代词“如何”的语法、语义分析

“如何”在现代汉语中的使用率稍低一些。不过,它功能较多,能构成各种不同结构的句式。如“如何＋VP/AP”、“NP＋如何”、“无论/不管＋如何”、“V得＋如何”、“如何如何＋AP/VP”、“NP＋如何如何”、“VP＋如何如何”、“如何如何＋NP”等。论文从单用、叠用、连用角度归纳了“如何”的主要用法,并具体解释了它在不同语境下的具体意义。     

Sample size estimation for comparing rates of change in K-group repeated count outcomes

Sample size estimation for comparing the rates of change in two-arm repeated measurements has been investigated by many investigators. In contrast, the literature has paid relatively less attention to sample size estimation for studies with multi-arm repeated measurements where the design and data analysis can be more complex than two-arm trials. For continuous outcomes, Jung and Ahn (2004 Jung, S., Ahn, C. (2004). K-sample test and sample size calculation for comparing slopes in data with repeated measurements. Biometrical J. 46(5):554–564.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) and Zhang and Ahn (2013 Zhang, S., Ahn, C. (2013). Sample size calculation for comparing time-averaged responses in k-group repeated measurement studies. Comput. Stat. Data Anal. 58:283–291.[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) have presented sample size formulas to compare the rates of change and time-averaged responses in multi-arm trials, using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach. To our knowledge, there has been no corresponding development for multi-arm trials with count outcomes. We present a sample size formula for comparing the rates of change in multi-arm repeated count outcomes using the GEE approach that accommodates various correlation structures, missing data patterns, and unbalanced designs. We conduct simulation studies to assess the performance of the proposed sample size formula under a wide range of designing configurations. Simulation results suggest that empirical type I error and power are maintained close to their nominal levels. The proposed method is illustrated using an epileptic clinical trial example.     

Comparing mean ranks for repeated measures data

Rank tests are considered that compare t treatments in repeated measures designs. A statistic is given that contains as special cases several that have been proposed for this problem, including one that corresponds to the randomized block ANOVA statistic applied to the rank transformed data. Another statistic is proposed, having a null distribution holding under more general conditions, that is the rank transform of the Hotelling statistic for repeated measures. A statistic of this type is also given for data that are ordered categorical rather than fully rankedo Unlike the Friedman statistic, the statistics discussed in this article utilize a single ranking of the entire sample. Power calculations for an underlying normal distribution indicate that the rank transformed ANOVA test can be substantially more powerful than the Friedman test.     

德日动产让与担保制度构建比较研究及借鉴

德国日本的让与担保制度都是为了充分发挥物的经济功能,适应经济需要.德国在构建让与担保制度时,既重视物、权利的"经济所有权"的实质,同时毫不忽略"法律所有权"在制度中的权利制衡价值,使让与担保制度在法律的框架下得到合乎法理逻辑的充分调整,发挥了良好的制度价值,实现了法的安定性与合目的性.日本则在让与制度构建中出现了从所有权构成到担保权构成的转变,这一转变也是从唯法律性到唯经济性变化的过程,呈现出极端化的特点,在追求合目的性的过程中违反了法安定性的要求,对习惯法在形成和持续发展的破坏性不容忽视.两国的制度发展为我国的让与担保制度构建提供了良好的借鉴作用.     

Multistate life‐tables and regression models

A survey is given of the use of modern statistical techniques in event history analysis, and in particular in the study of multi‐state life‐tables in demography. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between partial likelihood and nonparametric maximum likelihood based methods, a) when analysing semi‐Markov models or models with repeated spells, and b) in frailty models for inobservable heterogeneity.