也说关联词语的叠用

清代学者认为,关联词语叠用的现象属于用语"失误".本文列举了古今文献中大量关联词语叠用的例证,证明这种用法有着特殊的表达功能和语用价值.具体表现在强化关联、凸显关系和调适音节、使之顺口两个方面.事实上,不少定型的关联词语本身就是"叠用"而来的.     

Cooperation in Repeated Games When the Number of Stages is not Commonly Known

It is shown that an exponentially small departure from the common knowledge assumption on the number T of repetitions of the prisoners' dilemma already enables cooperation. More generally, with such a departure, any feasible individually rational outcome of any one-shot game can be approximated by a subgame perfect equilibrium of a finitely repeated version of that game. The sense in which the departure from common knowledge is small is as follows: (I) With probability one, the players know T with precision ±K. (ii) With probability 1 −ε, the players know T precisely; moreover, this knowledge is mutual of order εT. (iii) The deviation of T from its finite expectation is exponentially small.     

个人住房抵押贷款的政策性担保与制度构建

政府为个人住房抵押贷款提供担保是政府对住房和住房金融市场进行间接干预和调节、保障中低收入者住房权利的重要手段,其目的在于以政府信用增强、补充和提升中低收入者的信用,改善和调节住房金融市场的交易条件,鼓励和引导金融机构向中低收入者发放高比例的个人住房抵押贷款。发展个人住房抵押贷款政策性担保,应高度重视和防范住房市场本身的风险、借款人的信用风险和贷款人的道德风险。     

Design‐Based Inference in a Mixture Model for Ordinal Variables for a Two Stage Stratified Design

In this paper we present methods for inference on data selected by a complex sampling design for a class of statistical models for the analysis of ordinal variables. Specifically, assuming that the sampling scheme is not ignorable, we derive for the class of cub models (Combination of discrete Uniform and shifted Binomial distributions) variance estimates for a complex two stage stratified sample. Both Taylor linearization and repeated replication variance estimators are presented. We also provide design‐based test diagnostics and goodness‐of‐fit measures. We illustrate by means of real data analysis the differences between survey‐weighted and unweighted point estimates and inferences for cub model parameters.     

论抵押权的追及效力

不动产、交通工具、其他动产的交易方式和交易特点各不相同,因而设于不动产、交通工具 、其它动产上的抵押权的追及效力也不同。抵押权的追及效力止于交易安全,只及于抵押物 的代位物。     

Applying skovgaard's modified directed likelihood statistic to mixed linear models

The introduction of software to calculate maximum likelihood estimates for mixed linear models has made likelihood estimation a practical alternative to methods based on sums of squares. Likelihood based tests and confidence intervals, however, may be misleading in problems with small sample sizes. This paper discusses an adjusted version of the directed log-likelihood statistic for mixed models that is highly accurate for testing one parameter hypotheses. Indroduced by Skovgaard (1996, Journal of the Bernoulli Society,2,145-165), we show in mixed models that the statistic has a simple conpact from that may be obtained from standard software. Simulation studies indicate that this statistic is more accurate than many of the specialized procedure that have been advocated.     

论个人自主性养老保障模式的创新 ---基于住房反向抵押贷款的思考

随着我国人口老龄化程度日益加剧,养老保障问题越发突出,社会养老保障制度也面临着巨大压力。由于基本养老保险只是提供基本层次的保障,如果有更高的保障需求就得依靠其他补充性质的养老保障制度。据此,本文提出个人自主性养老保障概念,并以住房反向抵押贷款为研究对象,分析我国发展住房反向抵押贷款的必要性,并细致剖析其发展障碍,最后提出构建我国住房反向抵押贷款制度的政策建议。     

流动性与金融危机

在此次美国次贷危机形成及其发展为全球金融危机的过程中,货币流动性、交易流动性和融资流动性构成的全面流动性扮演着关键角色。当政府的货币政策从宽松转为从紧,货币流动性出现不足;货币流动性不足将导致交易流动性恶化,交易流动性恶化则导致融资流动性问题;融资流动性问题又反馈影响到交易流动性;融资流动性和交易流动性的恶化又使得货币流动性不足的状况更加严重。三者如此相互作用,形成恶性循环,最终导致全面的流动性危机。     

论船舶融资担保法律体系之构建

航运业和造船业的发展离不开金融业的融资支持。当前世界经济进入调整时期,如何设置船舶融资担保体系以确保金融安全非常重要。除船舶抵押权外,银行还可选择信用担保、收益让与担保等辅助担保形式确保贷款的安全。     

论抵押权实现的非讼程序构建

《物权法》对抵押权实现做出了不同于《担保法》的规定。该法第195条第2款直接规定了抵押权人在达不成实现方式协议时,可以请求法院拍卖变卖抵押物。但这个创新性的民事实体法条文,究竟该适用我国民诉法中何种程序,目前还处于争议状态。从民诉法理论分析和比较法角度看,抵押权实现应当适用民事非讼程序,而非讼程序的制度构建正是文章的重点。