有核网络型集群中知识共享深度与知识型企业的创新资源投入关系研究

针对我国由国内小企业对大企业(国外跨国公司)的依附关系而形成的有核网络型集群.建立集群中知识溢出、知识共享所形成的不同深度组织知识和企业的私有知识对产出的影响分析模型,通过仿真计算,研究了不同知识共享深度及私有知识产出弹性对企业知识共享行为和创新资源投入的影响.研究表明,对大企业而言.只有当公共知识产出弹性超过一定阈值时,才会进行主动知识共享,且该阈值随着知识共享深度的增加而增大:且当公共知识产出弹性超过该阈值时,大企业创新投入将随公共知识产出弹性的增加而显著增加;但此时公共知识产出弹性的增加反而会抑制小企业的创新投入.相关研究结论对促进集群持续发展提供了有益的启示.     

Analysis of Competing Risks by Using Bayesian Smoothing

We consider the competing risks set-up. In many practical situations, the conditional probability of the cause of failure given the failure time is of direct interest. We propose to model the competing risks by the overall hazard rate and the conditional probabilities rather than the cause-specific hazards. We adopt a Bayesian smoothing approach for both quantities of interest. Illustrations are given at the end.     

Estimation of Nonparametric Models With Simultaneity

We introduce methods for estimating nonparametric, nonadditive models with simultaneity. The methods are developed by directly connecting the elements of the structural system to be estimated with features of the density of the observable variables, such as ratios of derivatives or averages of products of derivatives of this density. The estimators are therefore easily computed functionals of a nonparametric estimator of the density of the observable variables. We consider in detail a model where to each structural equation there corresponds an exclusive regressor and a model with one equation of interest and one instrument that is included in a second equation. For both models, we provide new characterizations of observational equivalence on a set, in terms of the density of the observable variables and derivatives of the structural functions. Based on those characterizations, we develop two estimation methods. In the first method, the estimators of the structural derivatives are calculated by a simple matrix inversion and matrix multiplication, analogous to a standard least squares estimator, but with the elements of the matrices being averages of products of derivatives of nonparametric density estimators. In the second method, the estimators of the structural derivatives are calculated in two steps. In a first step, values of the instrument are found at which the density of the observable variables satisfies some properties. In the second step, the estimators are calculated directly from the values of derivatives of the density of the observable variables evaluated at the found values of the instrument. We show that both pointwise estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal.     

Penalized proportion estimation for non parametric mixture of regressions

Abstract

In this article, we propose a penalized local log-likelihood method to locally select the number of components in non parametric finite mixture of regression models via proportion shrinkage method. Mean functions and variance functions are estimated simultaneously. We show that the number of components can be estimated consistently, and further establish asymptotic normality of functional estimates. We use a modified EM algorithm to estimate the unknown functions. Simulations are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. We illustrate our method via an empirical analysis of the housing price index data of United States.     

Conditional VAR and Expected Shortfall: A New Functional Approach

We estimate two well-known risk measures, the value-at-risk (VAR) and the expected shortfall, conditionally to a functional variable (i.e., a random variable valued in some semi(pseudo)-metric space). We use nonparametric kernel estimation for constructing estimators of these quantities, under general dependence conditions. Theoretical properties are stated whereas practical aspects are illustrated on simulated data: nonlinear functional and GARCH(1,1) models. Some ideas on bandwidth selection using bootstrap are introduced. Finally, an empirical example is given through data of the S&P 500 time series.     

Subsampling-extrapolation bandwidth selection in bivariate kernel density estimation

This paper focuses on bivariate kernel density estimation that bridges the gap between univariate and multivariate applications. We propose a subsampling-extrapolation bandwidth matrix selector that improves the reliability of the conventional cross-validation method. The proposed procedure combines a U-statistic expression of the mean integrated squared error and asymptotic theory, and can be used in both cases of diagonal bandwidth matrix and unconstrained bandwidth matrix. In the subsampling stage, one takes advantage of the reduced variability of estimating the bandwidth matrix at a smaller subsample size m (m < n); in the extrapolation stage, a simple linear extrapolation is used to remove the incurred bias. Simulation studies reveal that the proposed method reduces the variability of the cross-validation method by about 50% and achieves an expected integrated squared error that is up to 30% smaller than that of the benchmark cross-validation. It shows comparable or improved performance compared to other competitors across six distributions in terms of the expected integrated squared error. We prove that the components of the selected bivariate bandwidth matrix have an asymptotic multivariate normal distribution, and also present the relative rate of convergence of the proposed bandwidth selector.     

Kernel density estimation under negative superadditive dependence and its application for real data

In this paper, the kernel density estimator for negatively superadditive dependent random variables is studied. The exponential inequalities and the exponential rate for the kernel estimator of density function with a uniform version, over compact sets are investigated. Also, the optimal bandwidth rate of the estimator is obtained using mean integrated squared error. The results are generalized and used to improve the ones obtained for the case of associated sequences. As an application, FGM sequences that fulfil our assumptions are investigated. Also, the convergence rate of the kernel density estimator is illustrated via a simulation study. Moreover, a real data analysis is presented.     

Cytometry inference through adaptive atomic deconvolution

In this paper, we consider a statistical estimation problem known as atomic deconvolution. Introduced in reliability, this model has a direct application when considering biological data produced by flow cytometers. From a statistical point of view, we aim at inferring the percentage of cells expressing the selected molecule and the probability distribution function associated with its fluorescence emission. We propose here an adaptive estimation procedure based on a previous deconvolution procedure introduced by Es, Gugushvili, and Spreij [(2008), ‘Deconvolution for an atomic distribution’, Electronic Journal of Statistics, 2, 265–297] and Gugushvili, Es, and Spreij [(2011), ‘Deconvolution for an atomic distribution: rates of convergence’, Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, 23, 1003–1029]. For both estimating the mixing parameter and the mixing density automatically, we use the Lepskii method based on the optimal choice of a bandwidth using a bias-variance decomposition. We then derive some convergence rates that are shown to be minimax optimal (up to some log terms) in Sobolev classes. Finally, we apply our algorithm on the simulated and real biological data.     

基于遗传算法的进化支持向量机研究

支持向量机是最近发展起来的一种新的通用的机器学习方法 ,其理论基础是统计学习理论 ,支持向量机无论在模式识别还是在函数拟合方面均显示了其优越性 ,并越来越受到国内外研究者的广泛关注 .但是 ,对支持向量机的推广预测能力具有很大影响的核函数和参数C一直没有一个很好的确定方法 ,针对这一问题 ,将遗传算法和支持向量机结合 ,提出了一种自动选择支持向量机参数的方法 ,结果表明 ,这种方法是科学有效的 .     

运用核Fisher鉴别分析和MPM分类器的入侵检测

为了提高分类器的正确率和减少训练时间,将特征提取技术与分类算法结合,提出了一种基于核Fisher鉴别分析和最小极大概率机算法的入侵检测算法。利用核Fisher鉴别分析技术提取关键特征,运用最小极大概率机对提取特征后的数据进行分类,采用离线数据集KDDCUP99进行实验。实验结果表明,该算法是可行和有效的,使分类性能和训练时间都得到了提高。