教师社会幸福感现状及提升策略--基于全国33590名中小学教师的调查与分析

教师社会幸福感影响教师总体的职业幸福感。为揭示教师社会幸福感的整体状况及其在领导关系、同事关系、师生关系、家校关系、社会声誉等维度上的具体表现,在全国范围内,对东部、中部、西部、东北等4个地区的33590名中小学教师的社会幸福感现状进行问卷调查。调查结果显示:教师社会幸福感总体水平较高,但在性别、地区、教龄等方面存在差异。要进一步增强教师社会幸福感,应着力改善教师与领导关系和师生关系;满足教师的物质需求和发展需求,切实提升教师社会声誉;考虑个体差异,制定具有针对性的教师社会幸福感提升策略;改进教师职前教育和在职教育,提升教师获得社会幸福感的能力。     

Pipage Rounding: A New Method of Constructing Algorithms with Proven Performance Guarantee

The paper presents a general method of designing constant-factor approximation algorithms for some discrete optimization problems with assignment-type constraints. The core of the method is a simple deterministic procedure of rounding of linear relaxations (referred to as pipage rounding). With the help of the method we design approximation algorithms with better performance guarantees for some well-known problems including MAXIMUM COVERAGE, MAX CUT with given sizes of parts and some of their generalizations.     

土地收益权质押：一个虚幻的担保

为缓解融资困境,各地都在探索农村金融的新模式,吉林省开展的“土地收益权质押”就是其中之一。它是指在不改变现行土地承包经营制度和土地农业用途的前提下,以土地的未来收益作为担保财产,为农户贷款提供担保的模式,该模式有“利于融资”与“避免失地”的双重优势。然而,通过仔细分析可以发现,吉林模式中的“土地收益权质押”名不副实,其实质是土地承包经营权的让与担保,存在诸多的法律弊端。而由于土地与公路等公共基础设施在“自动产生收益”这一属性上存在区别,所以无法通过借鉴“公路收费权质押”的制度经验来构建土地收益权质押。此外,利用土地未来的经营收益质押贷款的思路也不可行,理由是：经营收益由土地价值与劳动价值共同构成,而劳动价值无法登记,从而不具有优先效力;而且这种方式使得清偿能力取决于债务人自身,不符合特别担保之属性。在尚未放活经营权之前,以土地承租权担保贷款的构想较为可行,但须建立配套的登记制度。     

清洁提单保函与交易安全研究

托运人向承运人开具清洁提单保函、承运人向托运人签发清洁提单的做法在当前国际货物海运中极为普遍。国际公约、国际组织规则、各国法律以及司法实践对清洁提单保函的性质、效力等仍存在诸多争议。在国际货物海运中,因清洁提单保函引发的纠纷层出不穷。尝试厘清清洁提单保函的性质和效力,探讨清洁提单保函无效的法律后果及其对交易安全的影响,提出针对性的保护方式,旨为应对清洁提单保函带来的问题提供参考。     

债券增信对企业创新的影响研究

债券增信能帮助企业以更好的条件发行债券,因而对企业的创新能力产生影响。通过对2007-2015年上市债券的研究发现：债券增信能够显著提升企业创新能力,但不同的增信方式（第三方保证、抵押和质押）其影响存在差异,其中,以采用抵押担保的增信方式效果为最佳;并且,债券增信对企业创新的提升效果在融资约束企业更为明显,从另一侧面证明了融资约束对企业创新的负面影响。     

Effects of attributed responsibility and response strategies on organizational reputation: A meta-analysis of situational crisis communication theory research

Scholars utilizing situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) mainly examine how attributed responsibility affects organizational reputation and how response strategies matched with the amount of attributed responsibility protect reputation. The findings on these 2 important questions have been mixed. A meta-analysis of 35 investigations from 24 studies published between January 1990 and March 2015 was conducted to explain the mixed findings and reveal average correlations. Attributed responsibility was strongly associated with reputation at –.54, and response strategies were only weakly associated with reputation at .23. Equally important, crisis vignette choice moderated the responsibility-reputation association. Crisis clusters, reputation measurements, sample choice, and crisis vignette choice moderated the match-reputation association. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications were discussed.     

Reputation spillover effects from grant‐providing institutions

There is a broad academic discussion about the impact of funding grants from a foundation or a government department on individual support intentions toward the nonprofit organization receiving the grant. However, the role of the grant provider's reputation has frequently been overlooked. In this study, we experimentally tested whether there is a reputation spillover effect of a grant‐providing organization. Based on a real‐life example, we asked citizens to rate their willingness to donate to a nonprofit organization, and we experimentally manipulated the available information on funding sources. We test this for both a government department and a foundation as a grant provider. Our results suggest that not the act of receiving a grant, but the citizens' awareness about the funding organization—at least in the case of a foundation—has an impact on support intentions. In contrast, for a prominent government department as a grant provider, we did not find support for a reputation spillover effect.     

农业保险的保障水平与财政补贴政策优化：一个文献综述 *

近年来，我国农业保险快速发展，在保费收入、保障范围和参保农户数量等指标上都取得了举世瞩目的成绩。与此同时，保障水平不高、农业保险“不解渴、不顶用”也一直是各方反映的焦点之一。本文结合了福利经济学和保险经济学中的相关理论，遵循“提高农业保险保障水平必须优化其财政补贴政策”的逻辑主线，对实施财政补贴政策是提升农业保险保障水平的前提条件、有效途径、有力举措和重要渠道进行了梳理和评析。最后，针对现有研究的不足，结合当前的时代背景，对该领域日后的研究重点进行了预测，并进一步探讨了其优化路径。     

对延安整风运动历史经验的借鉴与反思——基于宪法学的分析

延安整风运动的宪政内涵、制约权力和保障权利思想,对于密切党群关系和建立新政权发挥了重要的作用,同时运动中存在的程序上和制度层面的缺憾也对后世有消极影响。当今中国特色社会主义宪政建设要吸取延安整风运动的经验教训,既要依靠法律和制度,加强对国家机关的制约和监督;同时创造条件,依法保障公民的批评权。     

当代我国出版自由研究

当代我国的＂出版自由＂,应着眼于法律如何保障出版自由和如何规制出版自由。即现阶段我国＂出版自由＂的内涵是：出版自由是公民在宪法、法律规定的范围内,将作品编辑、加工并复制后向公众传播,以出版的形式发表意见来参与管理国家、公共等事务的权利。研究＂出版自由＂时应正确区分出版自由和政治自由、表达自由、新闻自由、议论自由的区别与联系。我国现行的法律法规有明确的《中华人民共和国著作权法》,却没有＂出版自由法＂,其实＂出版自由权＂与＂著作权＂有着至关重要的关系,出版自由权是著作权的前提和保证,而著作权则是出版自由权得以落实和具体化的司法手段。