消费：节制与激励及其社会后果

随着经济的发展,人们的消费理念也在不断重塑。为推动可持续发展,需要正确引导人类的消费欲望。通过对我国消费由节制到激励、再到适度节制的转变历程与社会环境的阐述,分析了节制消费与刺激消费的社会影响,指出节制消费有助于保持经济稳定、增加储蓄、平衡财政收支,但对生产力、经济发展、消费品质与劳动力素质提升具有消极影响;而刺激消费有助于促进经济增长与生产力提升,但易引发消费主义,导致过度消费与浪费。基于此,提出构建适度消费、绿色消费与健康消费的消费理念。     

城市停车产业化的投资激励机制探索

城市停车难已经成为制约城市治理的重要问题,停车产业化是解决城市停车难题的重要路径。停车产业化应明确界定政府、市场和社会之间的边界,加强城市停车供给侧结构性改革。增加停车供给可以通过政府机制或市场机制来实现,但市场机制具有天然的优势。当前,要积极发挥市场机制在资源配置中的决定性作用,积极推进停车资源的市场化供给;根据停车资源产业化、民营化和专业化的基本要求,积极营造良好的停车市场投资环境,鼓励民间资本的市场化经营;以民间资本的投资经营利润为激励机制,构建有利于停车资源时空配置的合理价格体系。     

Examining the Nursing Home Physical Environment Through Policy-Driven Culture Change

A critical need exists to challenge approaches to nursing home care due to rigid organizational factors and hospital-like culture. It has been argued that resident care needs to move toward a person-centered approach by addressing the organizational, social, and physical environments in nursing home facilities, a process often known as culture change. In response to this need, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has created funding for pay for performance (P4P) nursing home incentive programs to allow nursing home providers to receive CMS reimbursements for culture change in the facilities. Through care staff interviews, site observations, and a document review, this qualitative study assesses the impact of a Midwestern state P4P incentive program in three participating nursing homes. Using an environment and behavior (E-B) policy orientation framework, this study examines culture change through a focus on policy, the physical environment, place attachment, and social and psychological processes in the study settings.     

基于平均电价的在线电动汽车充电排程定价机制

考虑在一个区域内单个充电站为多辆电动汽车(充电顾客)提供充电服务的排程与定价问题.充电顾客的排程(排序)有三种可选择的机制,即从高到低将待充电顾客按下列准则进行排序:1)顾客充电的总报价;2)顾客充电的单位报价;3)顾客在当前时间点之前已充电量的价值.基于上述充电排程机制,提出了一种基于顾客已充电量的平均电价且不依赖未来充电需求的定价机制,证明了所提出的排程定价机制具有个体理性和激励兼容特性.与已有的按顾客获得的最后一单位待充电价格进行定价的方法相比,研究发现:在第1)或第2)种排程机制下,所提出的定价机制顾客充电最终支付价格的期望相同,但方差减小;在第3)种排程机制下,所提出的定价机制顾客最终支付价格的期望和方差均减小.算例结果展示了所提出定价机制在减小充电顾客最终支付价格不确定性方面的作用与效果.     

高职院校教师激励管理制度的实证研究

随着我国教育事业的蒸蒸日上,教育的多元化不断发展,发展民办高职院校已成为教育事业发展的必然趋势之一。如何办好民办高职院校,如何管理好民办高职院校,已成为民办高职院校管理者所要解决的核心难题。本文从高职院校教师的激励管理制度入手,根据计量经济学,借助Eviews统计工具,分析研究各种激励手段对高职院校教师激励程度大小的作用,并提出合理化建议。     

Trains,chains, blame,and elephant appeal: A case study of the public relations significance of Mary the Elephant

Using the media coverage of the hanging of Mary the Elephant, the purposes of this article are to discuss the major implications of the press agentry model of public relations, the impact of corporate decisions on the reputation of its surrounding community, and how the values related to societal issues such as animal cruelty change over time. Findings reveal that public pressure, intense police attention, and the counsel of a master press agent led the circus owner to make the decision to hang Mary and ultimately adulterate the reputation of the town of Erwin, Tennessee indefinitely.     

Examining the interplay of an organization's prior reputation,CEO's visibility,and immediate response to a crisis

In one of only a few crisis communication research studies taking a relational approach, examining the effects of a company's prior reputation in publics’ responses to a given crisis situation, Lyons and Cameron (2004) found that both reputation and response profoundly affected publics’ attitude and behavioral intentions toward an organization involved in a crisis situation, using hypothetical, fictitious organizations and crises. Using actual organizations and crises, our research team designed a 2 (reputation: good vs. bad) × 2 (crisis response: apologetic vs. defensive) × 2 (CEO visibility in immediate crisis response: visible vs. invisible) within-subjects experiment (N = 102) to examine the variances in stakeholders’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a company after being exposed to online video that delivered a corporate crisis response. Findings were counter-intuitive: a defensive response to a crisis is as acceptable to crisis stakeholders as an apologetic response if the CEO is visible (or audible) in the response and if the pre-crisis company-stakeholder reputation is positive. Good reputation, defensive crisis response and CEO visibility in immediate response to a crisis resulted in the best stakeholder attitudes and purchase intentions.     

股权质押与市值管理:基于中国沪深股市A股上市公司的实证检验

本文以沪深两市上市公司为研究对象,基于2012-2016年的样本数据,运用STATA14探讨了上市公司发生股权质押后,相较不存在股权质押的公司是否会更有可能进行市值管理,以及股权质押、股权激励和市值管理三者之间的传导机制。基于相关数据的实证结果显示,控股股东在发生股权质押行为后,为了避免股价发生异常波动或者持续下跌从而引发公司治理层面的风险,相较不存在控股股东股权质押情形的公司的确更有可能进行市值管理;进一步分析发现,股权质押后,控股股东会通过股权激励这种手段来进行市值管理。     

策略延迟下众筹项目的定价和激励决策

本文研究了投资者的策略延迟行为对众筹项目的定价以及激励决策的影响。策略延迟是指投资者在投资过程中自动按照估值在相应阶段投资,并且部分投资者会刻意延迟投资来搭便车的行为。本文采用了一个两阶段模型来刻画投资者的投资行为,并进一步对比序列到来模式（投资者没有策略延迟）与同时到来模式（投资者有策略延迟）中的贝叶斯均衡。研究结果表明,当发起人采用价格激励的方式提高成功率时,投资者的策略延迟行为可能会影响最优的激励策略。当存在固定目标约束时,如果投资者没有策略延迟行为,发起人应该激励前期投资者,通过弥补他们等待成本的方式提高成功率;反之如果投资者出现策略延迟行为,对项目估值较高的投资者会自动在前期投资并且愿意承受更高的价格,此时发起人应该反过来激励后期投资者。当不存在目标约束时,不论投资者是否有策略延迟行为,发起人都应该始终激励前期投资者以获得更高的成功率以及期望收益。     

基于个性化需求的产品竞争供应链结构选择

基于"制销分离"与"定制一体"两种结构选择,构建个性化产品供应链处于非竞争与竞争环境下的博弈模型,在引入一个实际案例的基础上,运用算例仿真比较分析两种运营模式下的供应链运作策略和盈利差异。结果显示：与制销分离结构相比,个性化产品供应链选择定制一体结构,有利于匹配产品个性化制造、提升产品个性化水平和市场需求、增加供应链的期望收益;个性化产品供应链选择制销分离结构时,适度的批发价格激励能够提升产品个性化水平、更好满足消费者个性化需求、改善供应链的运营绩效,分销商适度让利加大批发价格激励力度可显著促进产品个性化制造互动、提升产品个性化水平;竞争将消减个性化产品供应链的运营绩效,但选择定制一体结构可显著提升竞争力。