Social and Psychological Barriers to Private Retirement Savings in Hong Kong

Using a phone survey conducted among Hong Kong workers, we examined the association of institutional, social, and psychological factors with engagement in both private retirement savings and the total amount of savings. Alarmingly, this study demonstrates that approximately 42% of Hong Kong workers do not save privately for their retirement. We found that age, education, number of children, support from spouse and friends, social regulation, perceived financial knowledge, and financial management capacity are associated with engagement in private retirement savings. Among those who saved, age, education, perceived financial knowledge, and financial management capacity are related to the amount of savings. Measures that could increase the social support for retirement savings as well as enhance their financial knowledge and management ability should be developed and implemented so that more workers engage in private retirement savings. A promising policy option for the Hong Kong government is to offer a tax incentive to promote additional savings for old-age income protection.     

山岳型遗产地景区周边居民的社会文化影响感知研究——以黄山风景区为例

以黄山风景区为例,运用多学科的相关理论,通过问卷调查和实地考察访谈,采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析相结合的方法,对遗产旅游地居民社会文化影响感知进行研究,旨在为当地政府制定旅游业发展规划及政策、加强管理和进行市场营销提供科学依据,以促进遗产地旅游的可持续发展。     

Connections with banking institutions and diverse asset portfolios in young adulthood: Children as potential future investors

A central hypothesis of Child Development Accounts (CDA) suggests that savings accounts in childhood lay a foundation for connecting to mainstream banking institutions and diversifying asset portfolios in young adulthood and beyond. While children may have limited savings to invest initially, they are financial actors who may increasingly invest money into different types of savings products over time. This paper uses propensity score weighted, longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its supplements to examine the types of financial and nonfinancial assets owned by young adults and whether or not they are more likely to own these assets when they have savings accounts as children. The most commonly owned assets in young adulthood included savings accounts (89%), vehicles (54%) and credit cards (51%). Smaller percentages owned stocks (9%), bonds (6%), and homes (8%). On average, young adults owned two to three different assets. Having savings accounts in childhood was associated with being two times more likely to own savings accounts, two times more likely to own credit cards, and four times more likely to own stocks in young adulthood, compared to not having savings accounts in childhood. Young adults' ownership of more total financial assets was also associated with having savings accounts in childhood. Findings provide some supporting evidence of demand for children's savings accounts. Policy endeavors that remove barriers to account ownership may be advantageous for children and mainstream banks.     

农民工与市民相互态度调查研究——以贵阳“背篼”为例

“背篼”是一群为生计离开农村到城市靠出卖体力谋求一点非农收入,用以维持家庭生活、农业生产、孩子教育等开支的农民。“背篼”们每天在城市里劳动、生活,俨然已经成为了城市的一部分。但“背篼”与城市居民之间存在着一堵无形的墙,这堵墙根源于城乡的二元结构。     

“同类相斥”?——中国城市居民与外来人口的社会距离问题

本文基于2005年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)的数据,考察了中国城市居民与外来人口之间的社会距离问题.结果表明,越是处于城市上层的居民,越对外来人口表现出亲和与宽容倾向,两者之间的主观社会距离越显接近;越是城市下层的居民,反而越表现出排斥倾向,两者的主观社会距离也越显疏远.本文将这种现象称之为“同类相斥”悖论,即,同质性程度越高、越是属于或接近于同一阶层地位的不同社会人群,他们之间就越呈现出疏远和排斥倾向.本文从利益相关论和制度构建论的角度对此种现象进行了初步的分析和讨论.     

中国居民家庭财产性收入增长的实现路径

财产性收入是指通过资本、技术和管理等要素在社会生产和生活中所产生的收入,它是城乡居民家庭总收入构成的一个组成部分。中国居民家庭财产性收入增长呈现财产性改入比重偏低且增速缓慢,来源虽趋多样化但收益风险性偏高的特征。可通过增加居民的劳动收入以提高居民财产积累程度和增强居民的投资理财能力使其财产得以保值增值等途径促进居民家庭财产性收入的增长。     

人口老龄化背景下我国农村老年互助保障合作社发展构想研究

人口老龄化是21世纪全球人口发展面临的主要趋势。在我国人口老龄化问题日益突出的背景下,首先对农村老年互助保障合作社进行背景分析,深入探讨我国建立农村老年互助保障合作社的必要性和可行性,并初步界定农村老年互助保障合作社的基本内涵及其组织特征;然后重点从内部组织机构、产权制度、监督机制等方面探讨其运行机制,通过内、外两个角度分析其组织功能;最后从立法、政策、资金和培训等方面提出发展农村老年互助保障合作社的政策建议。     

对中国居民储蓄持续高增长的思考

改革开放以来,中国居民储蓄呈平稳增长态势,高储蓄能为中国经济的可持续发展提供良好的条件,但居民储蓄的过度增长,会造成储蓄资源的相对过剩,如不能对"过剩"的储蓄存款加以引导分流,势必造成损失和浪费,从而影响国民经济的顺畅进行和可持续发展战略的实施.笔者通过对储蓄高增长的原因、正负效应的分析,提出了相关的改进措施.     

从诗词看寓澳士人对传统文化的固守

澳门中西文化交融过程中,中国传统文化并未失守。寓澳诗人的诗词作品体现了中国传统文化的坚韧。这些诗作或吟咏澳门风景之美丽,或议论濠境地势之险要,或表达对中国传统文化的眷恋与执着,或叙客澳西人人情风俗之中国化,可以窥见,中国文化传统在澳门岛一直得到固守。     

Robustness of Bayes Prediction Under Error-in-Variables Superpopulation Model

In this article, we consider Bayes prediction in a finite population under the simple location error-in-variables superpopulation model. Bayes predictor of the finite population mean under Zellner's balanced loss function and the corresponding relative losses and relative savings loss are derived. The prior distribution of the unknown location parameter of the model is assumed to have a non-normal distribution belonging to the class of Edgeworth series distributions. Effects of non normality of the “true” prior distribution and that of a possible misspecification of the loss function on the Bayes predictor are illustrated for a hypothetical population.