Separate and Unequal: The Housing Act of 1968 and the Section 235 Program

In recent years scholars have identified racial disparities in wealth and home ownership as crucial factors underlying patterns of racial inequality and residential segregation in American metropolitan housing markets. While numerous federal housing policies have been identified as responsible for reinforcing residential segregation and racial inequalities in home ownership, little research has focused on the segregative effects of the Section 235 program. As one component of the 1968 Housing Act, Section 235 was designed to shift the focus of federal housing policy away from dispensing aid to local housing authorities for building public housing to providing direct supply-side subsidies to the private sector to stimulate home ownership for nonwhites and the poor. Archival and census data, government reports and housing analyses, and oral histories and interviews are used to examine the segregative effects of the Section 235 program in Kansas City, Missouri from 1969 through the early 1970s. Findings indicate that while the housing subsidy program allowed a vast majority of participating white families to purchase new housing in suburban areas, most participating African American families purchased existing homes located in racially transitional neighborhoods in the inner city. These findings corroborate recent research showing how the market-centered focus of federal housing policy has impaired the ability of African Americans to accumulate wealth through home ownership and reinforced racially segregative housing patterns.     

Mobility and Privilege Within Queer Studies and University

In this essay, the author considers how classist divisions present within queer studies may well be exacerbated by the institutionalization of queer studies within university. In particular, she examines the class privilege that attends both queer theory's and university's deployment of travel metaphors. In both cases, the language of travel is the potentially empowering language of intellectual agility and social mobility. Importantly, though, both queer theorists' and university administrators' employment of travel metaphors often serves to reaffirm cultural hegemony, specifically to sustain rather than to examine and combat social oppression. This sad irony is particularly apparent when one compares university representations of commuter and residential students. Thus, the question that faces universities is how to keep queer studies critically queer so that universities can recognize and address the various forms or models of social mobility that are present on their campuses, commuter as well as residential.     

论竞争法中两种限制竞争行为的区别与联系

限购排挤行为,是指公用企业或者其他依法具有独占地位的经营者,为了排挤其他经营者而限定他人购买其指定的经营者的商品的行为。滥用行政权力限制竞争行为,根据《反不正当竞争法》第7条的规定,是指政府及其所属部门滥用行政权力,限定他人购买其指定的经营者的商品,限制其他经营者正当的经营活动,或者限制经营者跨地区、跨部门的交易,干扰、阻碍正常的交易活动的行为。限购排挤行为与滥用行政权力限制竞争行为是两种不同的限制竞争行为。对二者进行合理、有效的规制,是竞争法的重要任务。作者阐明这两种行为的概念、特征、法律规制之必要性,并在此基础上对二者进行比较分析,有助于正确地认识和规制这两种行为。     

论企业产品的成本管理

加强企业产品的成本管理是企业经营管理的永恒主题。降低成本是提高产品竞争力、实现企业效益最大化的重要手段。任何成本管理方法都是一定时期生产力发展水平和管理水平的反映,其内在动力是科技进步和社会需求的不断变化。在市场经济环境下,产品成本受诸多因素的影响。作为企业管理者,应树立新的成本意识,根据科学技术发展和市场需求变化的要求,不断开发新产品,特别是具有高新技术的新产品,满足顾客需求,以达到降低成本、提高市场占有率的目的。     

Establishing a Parenting Program for Fathers in Substance Abuse Treatment

This paper describes a systemic, trauma and attachment model for a parenting program for fathers in residential substance abuse treatment. It emphasises the complex nature of delivering parenting programs in this context and the importance of going beyond simple linear principles of reward and punishment, upon which many other parenting programs are predicated.     

结构功能视角下的城市社区环境建设——单位社区和物业社区居住环境比较

对“单位社区”和“物业社区”两个不同类型的社区居住环境进行了实地考察,并运用帕森斯的AGIL功能分析模型,分析两类社区居住环境出现差异性的原因,并从结构功能框架的视角,提出城市社区环境治理的对策和建议。     

对国际贸易中知识产权权利担保的认识

在国际贸易中 ,无论是货物买卖还是技术转让 ,都非常强调对知识产权的权利担保问题 ,这是使国际贸易顺利进行的基本条件之一。根据中国加入WTO的承诺 ,中国将进一步从立法和司法上加强对知识产权的保护 ,在国际贸易中强调对知识产权的权利担保 ,这是保护知识产权的一种方式。     

论城市社区建设中居委会的改革

居委会作为城市社区的自治组织 ,由于存在职能错位、行政化趋向以及权威不足等问题 ,长期以来自治功能得不到有效发挥。当前城市社区建设和社区发展要求对居委会进行深入改革 ,以真正实现其自治功能。     

浅谈创造适应人口老龄化要求的居住区空间环境

从中国老龄化问题出发，提出居住区空间环境应适应老年人生活需要，通过对江南传统居住区空间环境分析研究，探讨了适宜老年人生活的居住区空间设计方法．     

宅基地退出对农户收入的影响——基于倾向得分匹配(PSM)的反事实估计

基于宅基地退出试点区安徽金寨县626户农户的微观调研数据,在考虑样本选择偏差和农户异质性基础上,运用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)分析宅基地退出对农户收入的影响。结果发现:宅基地退出对农户经营性收入有负向影响,对农户工资性收入和家庭总收入有正向影响;农户宅基地退出,一方面通过缩小耕地经营面积、提高农业生产成本和减少亩均收入降低其经营性收入,另一方面通过增加外出务工人数、提高外出务工时长提升其工资性收入;由于农户工资性收入增加强度大于其经营性收入降低强度,故对其家庭总收入有正向影响;此外,不同教育背景、年龄段农户宅基地退出后收入变化存在差异,因此,应增强宅基地退出就业帮扶政策针对性,宣传宅基地退出政策的增收效应,实施差别化的宅基地退出政策安排。