食品检测咀嚼机器人工作空间研究

为了提高食品检测效率,改善食品检测精度,增加食品检测的客观性,文章介绍了一种基于6-UPS机构的咀嚼机器人,介绍了咀嚼机器人的结构原理,求解了机构的运动学逆解,分析了机构的工作空间影响因素,利用MATLAB编程求得机构在定姿态下的工作空间。空间轮廓图表明,该机构在定姿态下能到达人类全部真实咀嚼空间,机构设计可靠,能够模拟人类咀嚼行为对食品进行检测。     

Temporal Disaggregation: Methods,Information Loss,and Diagnostics

This research provides a generalized framework to disaggregate lower-frequency time series and evaluate the disaggregation performance. The proposed framework combines two models in separate stages: a linear regression model to exploit related independent variables in the first stage and a state–space model to disaggregate the residual from the regression in the second stage. For the purpose of providing a set of practical criteria for assessing the disaggregation performance, we measure the information loss that occurs during temporal aggregation while examining what effects take place when aggregating data. To validate the proposed framework, we implement Monte Carlo simulations and provide two empirical studies. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

地理空间视域下斯达尔夫人与刘师培南北文学论比较研究

尽管斯达尔夫人和刘师培分处东西方历史发展的不同时期,但是斯达尔夫人的欧洲南北文学论与刘师培的中国古代南北文学不同论具有重要的比较诗学研究价值。斯达尔夫人的欧洲南北文学论和刘师培的中国古代南北文学不同论基于各自不同的理论背景和历史背景都引入了地理空间视域,其比较诗学研究的理论内涵主要包括三个方面：一是地理空间视域引入的不同理论背景、历史背景、理论内涵;二是地理空间视域下语言维度研究进路的异同;三是吊诡的倒转性：北方浪漫主义、南方古典主义与北方古典现实主义精神、南方浪漫主义精神。     

德国保护地体系评述与借鉴

德国保护地体系是沿袭历史逐步形成的。首先论述了德国保护地体系的法律基础,并对11类德国保护地的定义、现状和管理事权进行了解释。继而对德国保护地体系进行归纳总结:各类保护地由《联邦自然保护法》统筹、分级管理,以自然保护为核心目标;各类保护地地界交织现象广泛存在,从而实现更广泛的连接;关注文化与自然的融合,强调文化景观管理;各类保护地倾向不同功能,平衡保护与利用并合理发展可持续旅游;法治巩固本土特色的保护地。最后对我国的保护地体系进行相关思考:法定保护地须纳入国土空间规划;包容自然与文化景观的保护地可与"自然公园"相得益彰;对保护地的利用及管理需要通过统一规划实现。     

拙政园小沧浪水院空间分析

拙政园是中国传统私家园林的代表作品之一。小沧浪水院位于拙政园西部,院落虽小,但曲折有致,空间变化丰富。小沧浪水院在整个园林的景域组织中属于幽深屈曲,深邃回合的景物空间,是利用建筑和水体创造奥如景域的典型,在水院空间的处理中很有特色。本文分析了小沧浪水院视觉莫穷、往复无尽的空间特征,从空间深度、空间形态、建筑形式、流线组织等方面分析了小沧浪水院空间处理的特点和方法。     

The changing practice of eating: evidence from UK time diaries, 1975 and 2000

This paper examines some central themes about change in consumption behaviour through an empirical investigation of the practice of eating. It analyses patterns of food consumption in the UK using time diary data from 1975 and 2000. The practice of eating is decomposed into four component activities which are used to explore systematically the inter-relationships between social processes - such as commodification and temporal fragmentation - and ways of providing and consuming food. It charts the expansion of eating out, the degree to which it substitutes for other eating activities, and the implications of its development for social relations and the temporal organization of daily life. Analysis reveals that food consumption continues to be differentiated along established lines of social division, although the content of those divisions has changed and varies across components of the practice. Increasing commodification of the food chain is documented, but without appearing to have a corrosive impact on household organization or social relationships. While tendencies indicative of temporal fragmentation are revealed, counter-tendencies exist which suggest that the practice of eating is resilient to many forms of external pressure. Finally, the application of a practice-based analytical approach permits critical evaluation of theories of social transformation.     

Imagined interactions,family money management patterns and coalitions,and attitudes toward money and credit

This study explores the imagined interactions college students have with their parents about money and credit, their attitudes toward credit and money, the ways they say their parents deal with financial decisions, and the communication coalitions regarding finances they perceive existing within their family. Students’ imagined interaction pleasantness is greatest when parents jointly form a plan for paying off credit card debt and lowest when parents argue. When family coalitions exist, students report more frequent imagined interactions. Imagined interaction frequency and pleasantness are related to credit and money attitudes.

双循环驱动我国城市产业转移效应研究

基于201个城市的相关数据,利用动态面板模型和空间杜宾模型,实证分析了内循环、外循环和双循环对产业转移的影响。研究结果表明：前期产业转移在一定程度上会影响后期产业转移,前一期当地产业比例较大,其后产业转移受到的促进作用也较大;内循环、外循环和双循环均对产业转移起到显著的正向促进作用,东部城市受到的促进作用略高于中西部城市;要素流动在产业转移中发挥着重要作用,劳动力要素流动、技术要素流动和资本要素流动不仅受到内、外循环和双循环的促进作用,同时对产业转移也起到一定的促进作用;产业转移具有空间相关性,产业在空间上倾向于向产业转入较高的城区转移。为此,我国在政策上应进一步加快推动内循环,促进外循环,关注要素流动在产业转移中的重要作用,合理分配要素资源。     

产品差异化对市场结构的影响分析——基于演化经济学的观点

以双占垄断为例,产品差异化对市场结构的影响具有以下几个方面:(1)完全垄断可能是同质产品竞争的结果;(2)尽管产品差异化不能排除完全垄断的存在,但是从长期看,它极大增加了厂商共存的可能性;(3)产品差异化程度越大,双占寡头的结构越稳定。     

Loss and grief: The experience of transition to residential aged care

There is growing recognition of the experience of non-death-related loss and grief. One unexplored area of non-death-related loss and grief is associated with older people’s transition from home to residential aged care (RAC). This paper reports findings from a qualitative study that explored the experiences of people living in RAC, carer-relatives of people living in RAC and RAC staff. Using theories of loss and grief, the paper identifies features of the transition to RAC that are associated with unresolved loss and maladaptation to changed circumstances, and the types of support that would mitigate these. Using a series of focus groups with both residents and carer-relatives, as well as staff, the study found that residents and their families need more support to negotiate the multiple, often necessarily hasty decisions and bureaucratic requirements associated with transitioning to RAC, while simultaneously experiencing loss and grief. The types of support that families would welcome from service providers include facilitating shared decision making, valuing family and community carer expertise and providing practical information and assistance to fulfil administrative obligations.