区块链技术综述

智能合约在运行中呈现排斥法律的自我解决特性,但技术信任依然存在补强的需求,同时,“不学习”的法律规范面对智能现实亟待调整。以司法介入智能合约纠纷,实质上存在法律与技术双向需求,即智能合约的法律与法治的智能合约。司法介入智能合约的边界,应坚守效率与公正的价值考量,对比例原则的四阶内涵作符合智能合约纠纷解决的新调整,并将比例原则精细化应用于不同的智能合约纠纷类型。介入的具体路径可依据智能合约争议大小规模的不同性质,采取在线争议解决方式或仲裁、诉讼等线下争议解决方式。此外,司法程序应从管辖、审理和执行三阶段进行自身调整以对接智能合约纠纷的解决,并提供对于两种性质争议解决结果的再救济程序。

     

传统元素在文化商业街区中的应用效果研究——以杭州“南宋御街”为例

从传统元素应用效果的角度出发,选取杭州南宋御街及街区内游人观感评价作为研究对象,对街区建筑立面、环境、节点空间等构成要素进行解析,在问卷调研及其统计数据的基础上,进行AHP法分析,以论述整体文化意境营造在文化商业街区设计建造中的重要性。     

The Asbestos Case: A Comment on the Appointment and Use of Nonpartisan Experts in World Trade Organization Dispute Resolution Involving Health Risk

The World Trade Organization is currently evolving its approach to incorporating scientific and technological evidence into its dispute-resolution process. In European Communities-Measures Affecting Asbestos and Asbestos-Containing Products, the Panel was faced with a large amount of complex and conflicting scientific evidence presented by the partisan experts. The Asbestos Panel's solution was to appoint independent, nonpartisan experts to help it understand and evaluate the scientific evidence. While this was far better than trying to unravel the conflicting scientific evidence on its own, two aspects of the Panel's adopted procedure merit scrutiny. First, the expert-selection process used by the Panel may not assure that the collective expertise of the appointed experts is broad enough when the dispute involves multidisciplinary scientific issues. Second, the process adopted by the Panel for consulting the appointed experts-which involved individual consultation rather than a consensus process-may leave a panel with a distorted or confused picture of the science. A consensus approach is the best means of obtaining scientific advice from appointed experts; it is most calculated to provide a clear and accurate report of the scientific information needed by a panel to make a fair and informed decision on the dispute before it. The underlying principle of world trade agreements is that it is beneficial to all of us to have free trade. Among other things, this requires an effective means of resolving disputes, and increasingly that includes disputes involving complex scientific and technological issues. This can be achieved only if the parties have confidence that their disputes will be decided in a fair and informed manner, based on the best science available. To achieve this goal, we suggest that future WTO panels depart in certain respects from the procedures utilized by the Asbestos Panel.     

解构与建构——论毛泽东诗词的历史观

毛泽东诗词表现的历史观,有历史的发展过程:青年毛泽东主要直观解构旧历史观;接受马克思主义后,毛泽东的历史解构观进入了辩证否定阶段;同时,毛泽东从实际斗争需要出发,开始了唯物主义历史观的建构,完成了辩证唯物史观的确立。但是,毛泽东晚年的历史观出现了二元对立矛盾。     

幼儿游戏中同伴冲突解决策略的现状及建议

游戏是幼儿园的基本活动,也是幼儿进行社会交往的主要形式之一。幼儿游戏中同伴冲突对幼儿社会性的发展具有积极意义,幼儿及教师对同伴冲突的应对方式直接影响到幼儿社会性的发展。本研究采用观察法通过对幼儿园一日活动中幼儿游戏同伴冲突现状进行研究,发现教师和幼儿在应对和解决冲突中多用消极解决策略：幼儿解决策略较多使用攻击性行为、互不相让、威胁命令;教师解决策略较多使用粗暴制止、独断专制、简单安抚、延迟处理。这些解决问题的方法易导致幼儿同伴间关系紧张,对教师缺乏信任,教师也会错失教育时机。由此,对幼儿及教师在应对冲突时存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应策略。     

Some results on constructing two-level block designs with general minimum lower order confounding

Block designs are widely used in experimental situations where the experimental units are heterogeneous. The blocked general minimum lower order confounding (B-GMC) criterion is suitable for selecting optimal block designs when the experimenters have some prior information on the importance of ordering of the treatment factors. This paper constructs B-GMC 2^{n ? m}: 2^r designs with 5 × 2^l/16 + 1 ? n ? (N ? 2^l) < 2^{l ? 1} for l(r + 1 ? l ? n ? m ? 1), where 2^{n ? m}: 2^r denotes a two-level regular block design with N = 2^{n ? m} runs, n treatment factors, and 2^r blocks. With suitable choice of the blocking factors, each B-GMC block design has a common specific structure. Some examples illustrate the simple and effective construction method.     

Existence conditions for balanced fractional 3m factorial designs of resolution R({00, 10, 01, 20, 11})

We consider a fractional 3^m factorial design derived from a simple array (SA) such that the non negligible factorial effects are the general mean, the linear and the quadratic components of the main effect, and the linear-by-linear and the linear-by-quadratic components of the two-factor interaction. If these effects are estimable, then a design is said to be of resolution R({00, 10, 01, 20, 11}). In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for an SA to be a balanced fractional 3^m factorial design of resolution R({00, 10, 01, 20, 11}). Such a design is concretely characterized by the suffixes of the indices of an SA.     

新常态下小城市房地产市场“去库存”问题的深度解析与对策研究——以淮北市为个案

中小城市的房地产长期高企，累及房地产行业与区域经济发展。以淮北市为例，剖析房地产去库存方面存在的困境及出路。淮北商品住房库存量较高，有效需求不足，销售低迷，明显拉长库存消化周期。库存高企影响房企资金回笼与投资意愿，房地产业发展下滑。应多措并举推进房地产去库存，促进房地产市场健康平稳持续发展，从政府、房企与政策支持保障三方面多维度探讨当前房地产去库存问题。     

高效的PD雷达多重频模糊分辨算法

在PD雷达中距离和速度模糊不可避免,为解模糊需要发射多重频脉冲串。该文引入一种高效的模糊分辨新算法,运算简单、计算量小、精度高、易于实时处理。利用该算法在实现模糊分辨的同时能获得好的估计性能。设计实例及数字实验说明了该方法的正确性和有效性。该算法也可用于欠采样、多基线干涉仪测向或其他类似系统进行频率、方向等参数的模糊分辨。     

食品安全领域的潜规则及其治理

中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,随着社会的变革、环境的变迁、城市化的发展乃至人口众多诸因素的影响,人们对食品的数量尤其是质量提出了更高要求。然而,在食品安全领域,在各种制度、规则的背后,私下运作的潜规则泛滥成灾,严重地威胁着消费者的身心健康,严重地损害了消费者的合法权益,严重地挫伤了消费者的消费信心。从我国基本国情出发,借鉴发达国家的经验,治理以致消除潜规则,对保障我国食品安全具有重要意义。