抓住机遇 扩大开放 加强教育国际交流与合作

在经济全球化背景下,教育作为人力开发资源的主要途径,越来越成为提高现实生产力和国际力的重要力量。中国教育面临着新的机遇与挑战。在加强中国对外开放的过程中,必须解放思想,与时俱进,加强教育法制建设,依法行政、依法制教,充分发挥中央、地方、学校三方面的积极性,构建多层次、多形式的教育国际合作与交流平台,积极引进国外优秀教育资源,为国家的人才战略服务,改进和规范留学工作。     

Intergenerational Risk Decision Making: A Practical Example

There is no such thing as intergenerational decision making, at least not yet. In fact, there is no such thing as intragenerational decision making in the context of maximizing overall social good given resource limitations, there are just decisions being made in an ad hoc fashion. Even if one assumes that there is such a thing as intragenerational decision making, no uniform standard or guidance exists to make societal decisions for the common good. Risks to society are judged unevenly within the same agency and across agencies. Decisions are made in isolation and not weighed in the societal context of what is intra or intergenerationally important. The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) has set forth a framework for intergenerational decision making that provides a consistent and fair basis for making tough decisions in order to address difficult issues such as the long-term disposal of nuclear wastes. NAPA recognizes that there is an intergenerational obligation that must encompass broader questions than the narrow issue of waste disposal since resources are finite and needs are great. The fundamental principles are based on sustainability with the overarching objective that "no generation should needlessly, now or in the future, deprive its successors of the opportunity to enjoy a quality of life equivalent to its own." Coupled with this objective are four supporting principles of trusteeship, sustainability, chain of obligation, and precaution. The NAPA process also recognizes that no decision can be final and that a "rolling future" view is better than making decisions for "all time." It attempts to balance the needs of the present with those of the future in an open and transparent process that is aimed at producing a decision, not just endless analysis. The U.S. Congress and president should develop a rational standard by which to judge laws that involve intra and intergenerational issues relative to the overall societal good. Present regulations need to be evaluated relative to a uniform level of risk and benefit to assess where the limited money available can do the most good for both the present and future generations in the context of NAPA sustainability principles. It is hoped that decision makers will take a serious look at this process since it can work to resolve stakeholder stalemate.     

青南地区民族人力资源开发的特殊性研究

青南地区藏族由于长期受特殊的地理、气候、历史、生产及生活方式、宗教信仰和传统文化等的影响,形成独自的特殊性,因此,在当地人力资源的开发中,应积极实施“三江源”生态移民政策,不失时机地进行义务教育、职业培训,大力发展劳务经济,充分利用国家特殊优惠政策,加快青南藏区可持续发展、农牧民增收和小康社会建设步伐。     

对图书馆学研究对象的再认识

多年来,人们对图书馆学的研究对象形成了众多不同的结论。本文认为文献信息资源的收集整序与传递过程应是图书馆学的研究对象,这是图书馆特有的本质现象。     

对我校城市规划专业人才培养的探讨

面对21世纪知识经济的到来,城市规划教育遇到了前所未有的机遇和挑战。文章从知识经济时代的特性出发,以小城镇规划建设的发展需求作为切入点,对我校城市规划专业人才培养的目标和特色作了一些探讨,以此为城市规划学科建设提供一些思路。     

论黄土高原地区土地持续利用的基本原则

土地是一切财富之母,土地质量的好坏,直接关系到国民经济的可持续发展。土地开发和高效利用要遵循以下原则:(1)尊重总体规划与长远规划相互协调的原则;(2)利用与保护相结合的原则;(3)统筹兼顾的原则;(4)农业优先的原则;(5)土地节约利用与集约经营的原则;(6)严格执法与三个效益相互统一的原则;(7)开发与治理相结合的原则;(8)高新技术园区建设与统一监督管理的原则;(9)宏观指导和协调管理的原则。     

Wildlife as valuable natural resources vs. intolerable pests: a suburban wildlife management model

Management of wildlife in suburban environments involves a complex set of interactions between both human and wildlife populations. Managers need additional tools, such as models, that can help them assess the status of wildlife populations, devise and apply management programs, and convey this information to other professionals and the public. We present a model that conceptualizes how some wildlife populations can fluctuate between extremely low (rare, threatened, or endangered status) and extremely high (overabundant) numbers over time. Changes in wildlife abundance can induce changes in human perceptions, which continually redefine species as a valuable resource to be protected versus a pest to be controlled. Management programs thatincorporate a number of approaches and promote more stable populations of wildlife avoid the problems of the resource versus pest transformation, are less costly to society, and encourage more positive and less negative interactions between humans and wildlife. We presenta case example of the beaver Castor canadensis in Massachusetts to illustrate how this model functions and can be applied.     

永川观光农业与资源的可持续利用

永川观光农业近几年有了较大发展,形成了以黄瓜山梨园和茶山竹海为代表的两大类型的观光农业。本文总结了两大类型观光农业的特点,并着重对黄瓜山观光农业区资源可持续的利用状况进行了评价;在分析永川观光农业发展中存在的问题的基础上,对永川观光农业资源可持续利用提出了思路和建议。     

大遗址特性与保护利用模式探讨——以汉长安城遗址为例

本文以汉长安城遗址为例,分析了大遗址的特性,并对大遗址保护利用的传统模式进行了评价,提出了以"遗址保护展示区+建设控制区+文化产业园区"为特征的保护利用新模式,并对新模式的特质、新模式实施技术要点、保护利用策略和应用前景进行了初步研究.     

Exploring Strategy Implementation Consistency Over Time: The Moderating Effects of Industry Velocity and Firm Performance

In this paper we empirically investigate the temporal development of a firm’s strategy implementation consistency (SIC), i.e. the alignment between firms’ resource allocation decisions (RAD) and their articulated corporate concept (Noda and Bower, 1996; Burgelman and Grove, 1996; Love et al., 2002; Mintzberg, 1978). Doing so, we test whether (1) SIC is more likely to increase or decline over time, (2) whether firms competing in (low) high-velocity environments in fact show different temporal patterns in SIC, and (3) whether overperforming firms succeed in conserving their level of SIC. For our analysis we draw on 6238 RAD of 20 publicly listed firms with European origin over a period of 4–6 years. Applying maximum likelihood ordered logit estimation, our results indicate that the likelihood of an alignment of RAD and a firm’s corporate concept decreases over time. In line with scholars’ perception of high-velocity environments, we find that the firms in our sample competing under such conditions show no clear trend in SIC. These firms tend to “zig-zag” over time – swaying off and pulling back to their strategic course independent of the timing of the announcement of a corporate concept. We also find that overperforming firms are unsuccessful in preserving their SIC at the same level over time. Based on the empirical findings the paper discusses implications for theory and derives suggestions for corporate level managers on how to balance SIC and strategic flexibility.