How Much Internalization of Nuclear Risk Through Liability Insurance?

An important source of conflict surrounding nuclear energy is that with a very small probability, a large-scale nuclear accident may occur. One way to internalize the associated financial risks is through mandating nuclear operators to have liability insurance. This paper presents estimates of consumers' willingness to pay for increased financial security provided by an extension of coverage, based on the 'stated choice' approach. A Swiss citizen with median characteristics may be willing to pay 0.14 US cents per kwh to increase coverage beyond the current CHF 0.7 billion (bn.) (US$ 0.47 bn.). Marginal willingness to pay declines with higher coverage but exceeds marginal cost at least up to CHF 4 bn.(US$ 2.7 bn.). An extension of nuclear liability insurance coverage therefore may be efficiency-enhancing.     

New avenues to be opened for social protection in the Arab world: the case of Egypt*

This article looks at social protection in the Arab world. Giving the example of Egypt, it asks why poverty is so widespread and why – despite the country's numerous social protection systems – social risks are a major contributing factor to it. It concludes that reforms are due. The existing systems are well funded but inefficient and more to the benefit of the better‐off than the poor. A reform approach is proposed which builds on both conventional and more innovative strategies: campaigns should be launched to raise public awareness of social risks; social assistance spending should be increased; and the operating public pension schemes should be reformed. At the same time, new avenues have to be opened to meet the specific needs of informal sector workers who have extreme difficulty in being covered by social insurance or social assistance. To this purpose, micro‐insurance is a promising approach for the Arab‐world region.     

对北京医疗基本保险制度的思考

北京医疗基本保险制度 ,具有强制性、有限性、垄断性和倾斜性等显著特征 ,是一种在较低水平运行的“基本”保险 ;在北京抗击“非典”的第一至第三阶段 ,对已经参保的健康群体没有发挥作用。它需要解决如何适应突发公共卫生事件、体现“预防为主”方针和提高人们对它的认知程度的问题。其发展方向应是市场化。     

Paying to improve your chances: Gambling or insurance?

Will a more risk-averse individual spend more or less to improve probabilities, say on marketing efforts that enhance the chance of a sale? For any two payoffs and starting probabilities, the answer is unfortunately indeterminate. However, interpreting gambling as increasing small chances of good outcomes and insurance as reducing small chances of bad outcomes, the more risk-averse individual will pay less (more) to gamble (insure). We find a critical switching probability that depends on the individuals and outcomes involved. If the good outcome is less (more) likely than this critical value, the expenditures represent gambling (insurance).     

现行养老社会保险政策解析

历经20多年的改革,我国养老社会保险已从单纯的"国家保险"或企业保险向真正意义上的"社会保险"过渡,"社会统筹与个人账户相结合"的改革政策正在走向完善并成熟,基本建立了与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的养老社会保险政策框架.然而,现行养老社会保险政策仍存在着保险基金入不敷出、保险面窄、替代率高、企业负担过重、社会化程度低、"空账"运行严重等诸问题.     

快递企业人力资源管理法律风险及防范

人力资源管理是现代企业日常管理的重要内容之一。有效的人力资源管理能极大地保障企业的顺利运营,降低管理风险是实现人力资源管理有效性的主要手段,也是企业风险管理工作的重要焦点。而快递企业业务繁重、时效性、准确性、安全性等要求导致企业在进行人力资源管理过程中面临着一些特殊的法律风险,客观、正确地分析之,并进行有效的防范,能更好地规范企业管理、减少劳资纠纷、促进快递行业的健康蓬勃发展,意义重大。     

医疗保险有助于家庭创业吗？

目的：探究医疗保险对家庭创业选择的影响。方法：运用“中国健康与养老追踪调查”(CHARLS)2011年数据,在控制家庭受教育程度、人口规模、财富、年收入和所在地区市场化程度等因素后,实证分析城镇职工医疗保险和新型农村合作医疗对家庭创业选择的影响。结果：医疗保险的参保率越高, 城市家庭创业的倾向越低;城镇职工医疗保险对城镇家庭和农村家庭的创业选择均起抑制作用;新型农村合作医疗对城市家庭和农村家庭创业选择具有不同的作用方向,参加新型农村合作医疗的农村家庭倾向于创业,而城市家庭却相反。结论：政府可通过扩大普惠式的医疗保险激励家庭创业。     

我国农民工对养老保险的认知和意愿调查

农民工是我国城乡建设中重要的人力资源,是乡村发展的先进生产力和主力军,本文通过对安徽省桐城市安全村农民工对养老保险认知情况的调查,发现目前我国农民工对养老保险的认知程度很低,养老保险意愿很薄弱。表明我国农民工的社会福利待遇差,乡村养老保险实施的程度低,文章在此基础上提出了针对性的建议。     

城乡统筹背景下农民工养老保险的制度完善

城乡统筹是未来我国经济社会的发展方向,农民工养老保险制度调适应有利于保障农民工权益,有助于缩小城乡收入差距,便利劳动力流动。农民工问题是实现城乡统筹的重要突破口之一,农民工养老保险模式能否适应及促进城乡统筹发展是社会保障城乡统筹的关键所在。目前部分省市试行的农民工养老保险制度带有明显的地域性、封闭性和过渡性,需要以城乡统筹为核心来完善农民工养老保险制度。     

进一步发展我国农业保险的思考

文章阐述了我国农业的特点以及开展农业保险的困难,针对我国农业保险的发展和现状,提出了进一步发展我国农业保险的一些思路,包括加大在法律政策上的支持,加强制度上的创新,采取灵活多样的经营方式以及充实农业保险人才队伍,等等。