我国物流企业面临的挑战与出路

加入WTO以后 ,我国物流企业所面临的压力和挑战既有整体物流企业素质和行业内部发展不平衡的问题 ,也有强大的国外物流企业参与竞争和物流市场份额变化方面的原因。中国物流业可以选择“自我完善型”或“功能性的整合型”发展模式 ,但都必须重视信息化在现代物流发展中的作用 ,不断优化物流信息资源。     

Procurement with Reverse Auction and Flexible Noncompetitive Contracts

This article investigates a hybrid procurement mechanism that combines a reverse auction with flexible noncompetitive contracts. A buyer adopts such mechanism to procure multiple units of a product from a group of potential suppliers. Specifically, the buyer first offers contracts to some suppliers who, if accepting the contract, do not participate in the auction while committing to selling a unit to the buyer at the price of the subsequent auction. For the suppliers rejecting the offers, they can join the subsequent auction with the other suppliers to compete on the remaining units. When the buyer offers only one flexible noncompetitive contract, we find that the selected supplier may accept the offer regardless of whether he knows his exact cost information. Meanwhile, the buyer can benefit from offering such a contract, as opposed to solely conducting a regular reverse auction or offering a noncompetitive contract that does not allow suppliers declining offers to join the subsequent auction. Moreover, we find that the suppliers' information about their own costs has a significant impact on the buyer's decision. When the buyer makes multiple offers, we analyze the resulting game behavior of the selected suppliers and demonstrate that the buyer can benefit more than just offering one such contract. Therefore, the hybrid procurement mechanism can be mutually beneficial for both the buyer and the selected suppliers.     

钢桶自动化仓库设计

通过分析钢桶的特点以及出入库频率,设计了专门的自动化立体仓库。为了尽可能地提高仓库容量,采用了重 力式货架;为了堆垛机可以连贯地执行出入库操作,将传送带布置在巷道中取代出入库台,并设计了特殊形式的货叉。 由于仓库中堆垛机周期与以往的不同,重新计算了堆垛机的工作周期。最后设计了仓库的控制管理系统并通过Flexsim 仿真验证了方案的可行性。计算和仿真结果表明：仓库的设计能够满足钢桶自动化仓储的需求。     

中国城镇化与港口物流协调发展的机理与路径选择

港口物流和城镇化之间是一种相互促进、协调发展的关系。为促进两者协调发展,可选择以下路径：认真做好城镇化和港口物流发展规划,为两者协调发展绘制蓝图;实施信息化战略,为两者协调发展提供信息支持;完善城镇金融财政政策,为港城互动协调发展提供金融财政支持;优化产业结构,为城镇化和港口物流协调发展提供产业支撑;以科学发展观为引领,推动港口和城镇可持续协调发展;实施引才工程,为港城互动提供强大的智力支持。     

Disaster Management from a POM Perspective: Mapping a New Domain

We have reviewed disaster management research papers published in major operations management, management science, operations research, supply chain management and transportation/logistics journals. In reviewing these studies, our objective is to assess and present the macro level “architectural blue print” of disaster management research with the hope that it will attract new researchers and motivate established researchers to contribute to this important field. The secondary objective is to bring this disaster research to the attention of disaster administrators so that disasters are managed more efficiently and more effectively. We have mapped the disaster management research on the following five attributes of a disaster: (1) Disaster Management Function (decision‐making process, prevention and mitigation, evacuation, humanitarian logistics, casualty management, and recovery and restoration), (2) Time of Disaster (before, during and after), (3) Type of Disaster (accidents, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, terrorism and wildfires etc.), (4) Data Type (Field and Archival data, Real data and Hypothetical data), and (5) Data Analysis Technique (bidding models, decision analysis, expert systems, fuzzy system analysis, game theory, heuristics, mathematical programming, network flow models, queueing theory, simulation and statistical analysis). We have done cross tabulations of data among these five parameters to gain greater insights into disaster research. Recommendations for future research are provided.     

我国物流自提服务发展现状及问题浅析

本文对我国现有的7家B2C电子商务平台与4家大型物流企业自提服务的发展现状进行阐述分析,总结出当前自提服务发展存在的问题：网点少而散、短期固定成本投入大、盈利能力低、合作难度大、资源浪费、客户支持少。最后针对目前的问题对未来各企业的自提服务发展提出一些建议。     

物流企业低碳化发展关键影响因素:识别与实证

通过相关性和逐步多元回归分析,研究发现环境价值观与低碳物流显著相关,物流企业低碳投入环境行为受社会规范等情境因素影响最大,低碳投入主要是外部推进型行为,而低碳行为能力等企业个性因素是物流企业低碳化运营的驱动因素,低碳运营主要是内部驱动型行为。要加强环境宣传以确立企业环境价值取向,积极发挥政策法规在低碳物流中的作用,继续提高企业的低碳环境能力和意愿。     

我国农产品批发市场发展状况调查及对策建议

在实地调研基础上,结合现有文献资料,对我国农产品批发市场现状进行了分析,指出其当前面临的主要问题:缺乏统一规划,农产品质量安全检测负担较重,以及农产品缺乏生产品牌和标准分级等。进而提出政府应采取的对策建议,即科学规划布局;完善公益性农产品批发市场建设与管理;公平对待不同属性的批发市场;强化农产品流通安全中的政府介入;推进农产品品牌化和标准化发展;提高信息化水平,构建信息反馈机制。     

逆向避税透析

逆向避税是外商利用在合资企业中的优势地位,税法上的漏洞,通过转让定价等手段把利润从低税负区转移到高税负区,以实现全球范围内利润最大化目标的一种避税方式。其主要原因是外商掌握了企业的决策权,税务部门监管不力,以及地方政府片面追求引资数量,忽视质量。由于逆向避税造成了国家税收流失、削弱税收对经济的稳定器功能、造成境内外资企业之间不公平竞争等,必须建立对外商的约束机制,制订切实可行的反逆向避税法规,并对逆向避税采取严厉的措施。     

供应链中第三方物流协调研究

完成物流配送任务的第三方物流公司的协作集成保证了供应链的成功。为了降低系统总成本,全球第三方物流可以应用各种运输整合政策来大幅度降低运输成本。应用第三方物流来协调供应链,可以提高供应链的绩效,并获得有参加者多赢的解决方案。