全球性股市恐慌下的股市日内风险传染:来自欧债危机时期的证据

本文主要着眼于全球性股市恐慌下的中国内地与中国香港、中国台湾、日本股市之间的日内风险传染现象,使用日内5分钟数据,应用FFF回归、FIEGARCH模型、ARFIMAX模型的波动溢出三步检验法,对内地股市与其他三个东亚股市之间的日内波动溢出效应进行了实证分析.本文的主要结论是:中国内地与中国香港股市之间存在着强烈的双向波动溢出效应;中国内地与日本股市互不影响;中国内地与中国台湾股市之间,虽然在非恐慌时期几乎不存在波动溢出效应,但进入恐慌时期后中国台湾股市显著受到内地股市影响.股票市场之间的波动溢出效应具有非对称性特征,并且股市下跌时的波动溢出效应比上涨时要大.     

消费者网络购物感知风险概念及测量模型研究

感知风险在消费者行为研究中是一个重要的变量,它对消费者信息处理及购物决策产生重要影响.随着网络购物的兴起,消费者的信息搜寻和购买决策过程都发生了重大的改变.本文对消费者网络购物感知风险进行了界定,提出感知风险可以由五个具体的网络购物感知风险维度构成,并在此基础上开发了15个项目作为测量指标.论文还对消费者网络购物感知风险不同结构的模型进行了探索比较,根据拟合程度和简约特点界定了消费者网络购物感知风险的概念和测量模型.     

违约预测的小波结构模型研究

本文针对上市公司违约预测问题,按照行业类型对我国2009年的上市企业进行分层抽样,构建了小波结构模型.小波结构模型通过应用小波变换来分解上市公司日收益序列,进而对低频序列和高频序列分别构建预测模型,再依据预测模型对未来收益进行预测,最后使用小波逆变换重构预测收益序列.通过小波结构模型可以避免时间序列模型进行收益波动预测的累加计算过程.在结合我国上市公司的实际数据对这两种模型的校验中,可以发现小波结构模型比时序结构模型在违约预测上有更好的识别力和准确度.     

国际投资汇率风险的综合套保策略研究

国际组合投资涉及多币种汇率风险,分别使用双边货币期货进行套保要承担较高套保成本。参考美元指数期货的实践,本文提出基于人民币指数期货的综合套保策略。实证结果表明,无论对于单个货币资产还是分散化投资的国际股指、债指组合,引入人民币指数期货能够显著降低收益率波动,提高抵御汇率波动的能力,同时拓展收益空间,是有效的汇率风险综合套保工具;人民币指数期货套保效率显著优于货币期货篮子,在发达国家股指市场表现更加突出。采用基于指数加权移动平均模型（EWMA）的动态套保策略,使得人民币指数期货收益对股指或债指市场波动敏感度降低,在市场极端状况时仍能保持相对中性。     

Sensitivity Analysis for Critical Control Points Determination and Uncertainty Analysis to Link FSO and Process Criteria: Application to Listeria monocytogenes in Soft Cheese Made from Pasteurized Milk

Microbiological food safety is an important economic and health issue in the context of globalization and presents food business operators with new challenges in providing safe foods. The hazard analysis and critical control point approach involve identifying the main steps in food processing and the physical and chemical parameters that have an impact on the safety of foods. In the risk‐based approach, as defined in the Codex Alimentarius, controlling these parameters in such a way that the final products meet a food safety objective (FSO), fixed by the competent authorities, is a big challenge and of great interest to the food business operators. Process risk models, issued from the quantitative microbiological risk assessment framework, provide useful tools in this respect. We propose a methodology, called multivariate factor mapping (MFM), for establishing a link between process parameters and compliance with a FSO. For a stochastic and dynamic process risk model of in soft cheese made from pasteurized milk with many uncertain inputs, multivariate sensitivity analysis and MFM are combined to (i) identify the critical control points (CCPs) for throughout the food chain and (ii) compute the critical limits of the most influential process parameters, located at the CCPs, with regard to the specific process implemented in the model. Due to certain forms of interaction among parameters, the results show some new possibilities for the management of microbiological hazards when a FSO is specified.     

Decision Making for Animal Health and Welfare: Integrating Risk‐Benefit Analysis with Prospect Theory

This study integrated risk‐benefit analysis with prospect theory with the overall objective of identifying the type of management behavior represented by farmers’ choices of mastitis control options (MCOs). Two exploratory factor analyses, based on 163 and 175 Swedish farmers, respectively, highlighted attitudes to MCOs related to: (1) grouping cows and applying milking order to prevent spread of existing infection and (2) working in a precautionary way to prevent mastitis occurring. This was interpreted as being based on (1) reactive management behavior on detection of udder‐health problems in individual cows and (2) proactive management behavior to prevent mastitis developing. Farmers’ assessments of these MCOs were found to be based on asymmetrical evaluations of risks and benefits, suggesting that farmers’ management behavior depends on their individual reference point. In particular, attitudes to MCOs related to grouping cows and applying milking order to prevent the spread of mastitis once infected cows were detected were stronger in the risk domain than in the benefit domain, in accordance with loss aversion. In contrast, attitudes to MCOs related to working in a precautionary way to prevent cows from becoming infected in the first place were stronger in the benefit domain than in the risk domain, in accordance with reverse loss aversion. These findings are of practical importance for farmers and agribusiness and in public health protection work to reduce the current extensive use of antibiotics in dairy herds.     

基于可变强度跳跃-GARCH模型的资产价格跳跃行为分析——以中国上市公司股票市场数据为例

近年来,美国金融危机、欧债危机、地震等突发事件不断冲击着我国金融市场,各类资产价格频繁出现大幅跳动,收益风险短期内急剧扩大。鉴于此,本文构建了门限效应下状态变量依赖自回归强度跳跃-GARCH模型（简称TSD-ARJI-GARCH模型）来探讨股票资产价格随时间平滑波动和大幅度跳跃的双重特征。该模型扩展了现有可变强度跳跃-GARCH模型,克服了片面强调内生或外生因素的局限性,既允许跳跃强度受单个资产异质因素的内生驱动,以刻画跳跃变化的时变性及集聚性,也考虑了外部状态变量影响的门限效应。通过对不同类型中国上市公司股票市场数据的实证分析,验证了该模型对各类上市公司股票资产价格跳跃特征都具有较好的辨别和预测能力,可为动态监管金融资产的跳跃风险提供理论依据。     

跳过程下的公司证券定价和最优资本结构

由于几何布朗运动不能反映复杂经济背景下的资产价值动态,本文以双指数跳扩散过程作为资产价值过程来研究公司证券定价和最优资本结构问题。本文主要结果是：运用均衡定价的方法给出了公司证券的定价并获得了公司资本价值的解析解。通过比较静态分析揭示了跳风险对企业资本价值、最优资本结构、收益率差价等都具有显著的影响。与几何布朗运动相比,跳风险降低了公司价值和债券价值以及公司最优杠杆率,同时增加了债券的收益率差价和股权价值。     

基于ARCH-Expectile方法的VaR和ES尾部风险测量

甄别和确定风险因素的贡献是资产或资产组合风险管理的重要研究内容。近十年,下端风险越来越受到关注,在险价值（Value at Risk,VaR）和预期不足（Expected Shortfall,ES）是资产组合风险管理中两个常用的风险度量工具。Kuan等^[1]在一类条件自回归模型（CARE）下提出了基于expectile的VaR度量-EVaR。本文扩展了Kuan等^[2]的CARE模型到带有异方差的数据,引入ARCH效应提出了一个线性ARCH-Expectile模型,旨在确定资产或资产组合的风险来源以及评估各风险因素的贡献大小,并应用expectile间接评估VaR和ES风险大小。同时给出了参数的两步估计算法,并建立了参数估计的大样本理论。最后,将本文所提出的方法应用于民生银行股票损益的风险分析,从公司基本面、市场流动性和宏观层面三个方面选取影响股票损益的风险因素,分析结果表明,各风险因素随股票极端损失大小的水平不同,其风险因素的来源及其大小和方向也是随之变化的。