全民预防艾滋病教育体系整体构建的初步研究

艾滋病教育是全球各国用来预防艾滋病最有效的公器,它能传播健康的生活知识。现有的艾滋病教育研究虽已取得了巨大的成就,但研究仍缺乏系统性的思考。本文针对现有研究的不足,提出了整体构建全民预防艾滋病教育体系的构思,并详述了整体构建全民预防艾滋病教育体系的思路、方法、步骤以及全民预防艾滋病教育体系的结构框架。     

现代化的扩散与乡村政治文化的变迁——以改革开放以来安徽和县浏塘村为例

文章遵循从基本理论到实证调查再到一般性结论的研究路径,从实证的角度去描述安徽一个普通村庄因现代化的扩散而导致的乡村政治文化的变迁,从而试图说明现代化的扩散对乡村政治文化变迁的影响。     

A circular-cone test for testing homogeneity against a simple tree order

Several methods exist for the problem of testing the equality of several treatments against the one-sided alternative that the treatments are better than the control. These methods include Dunnett's test, Bartholomew's likelihood-ratio test, the Abelson-Tukey-Schaafsma-Smid optimal-contrast test, and the multiple-contrast test of Mukerjee, Robertson, and Wright. A new test is proposed based on an approximation of the likelihood-ratio test of Bartholomew. This test involves using a circular cone in place of the alternative-hypothesis cone. The circular-cone test has excellent power characteristics similar to those of Bartholomew's test. Moreover, it has the advantages of being simpler to compute and may be used with unequal sample sizes.     

平教会定县实验中的农村卫生工作之考察

中华平民教育促进会定县实验区在二十世纪三十年代创立了一套由村保健员、乡保健所、县保健院组成的三级卫生保健网,并在学校卫生、妇婴保健、传染病预防和疾病治疗等方面做出了显著的成绩,在当时产生了广泛的影响,对我们今天来说仍值得借鉴。     

试论19世纪60年代～70年代东疆地区封禁政策的危机--兼谈"移民实边"思想的产生

19世纪60年代～70年代东疆地区封禁政策的危机,主要表现在沙俄的军事侵略威胁、朝鲜流民问题的冲击、东北边疆防御力量的空前削弱三个方面。清廷为了摆脱这一危机而苦苦摸索,移民实边思想便是这一摸索的产物。     

《史记》与《淮南子》

《淮南子》是汉代黄老道家著作，它对《史记》的影响主 要在思想方面。《淮南子》在构建天人古今知识体系、对待先秦诸子的思想方法、倡导法与 时变、礼与俗化、主张审微、重时等一系列问题上，给《史记》以深刻启示。《淮南子·天 文训》与《史记·天官书》之间也存在着学术联系。     

西部地区深化农村信用社改革相关问题分析

针对西部地区深化农村信用社改革试点中农村信用社产权改革的方向选择、组织形式选择以及西部农村金融领域的相关配套改革问题进行了分析,并指出应通过改革引导西部农村资金流向的机制、适时推进农业发展银行改革、建立农村信用社存款保障机制等措施进行农村金融领域的相关配套改革。     

经济转轨期农村经营模式:路径、绩效与创新

目前,我国农村实行的是以家庭承包经营为基础的双层经营体制。这种体制的弊端在于土地难以流转、经营规模太小、市场联系面窄、抵抗风险能力弱、农业资本投资不足、土地使用效率低等。要进一步发展农村经济,就必须创新经营模式,下一步应该把突破口放在以产权清晰为基础的统一经营上,建立农村家庭、涉农企业、集体和政府利益协同的产业链,把重点放在农产品的加工和流通环节,以企业为龙头,建立大市场大流通,实现规模经济效应。     

Professional Perspectives on Decision Making about the Long-term Care of Older People

With the increasing pressure on social and health care resources,professionals have to be more explicit in their decision makingregarding the long-term care of older people. This groundedtheory study used 19 focus groups and nine semi-structured interviews(99 staff in total) to explore professional perspectives onthis decision making. Focus group participants and intervieweescomprised care managers, social workers, consultant geriatricians,general medical practitioners, community nurses, home care managers,occupational therapists and hospital discharge support staff.The emerging themes spanned context, clients, families and services.Decisions were often prompted by a crisis, hindering professionalsseeking to make a measured assessment. Fear of burglary andassault, and the willingness and availability of family to helpwere major factors in decisions about living at home. Serviceavailability in terms of public funding for community care,the availability of home care workers and workload pressureson primary care services influenced decision ‘thresholds’regarding admission to institutional care. Assessment toolsdesigned to assist decision making about the long-term careof older people need to take into account the critical aspectsof individual fears and motivation, family support and the availabilityof publicly funded services as well as functional and medicalneeds.     

当前经济欠发达地区村级组织运转经费问题探讨——以苏北H镇为例

当前经济欠发达地区村级组织运转存在着严重的经费匮乏问题。这一问题的出现,与农村经济发展的现实有关,与村级组织的管理体制有关,与农村税费改革制度有关,也与“城乡分割”的二元体制有关。在此基础之上,本文提出可以从深化并完善农村税费改革制度、发展村级经济、严格规范各项收支、合理划分镇村事权、加大国家财政对农村的投入等方面做出努力,缓解和改善村级组织运转经费匮乏问题。