80后农民工的城市就业现状与对策建议

分析了80后农民工在城市的就业特征,主要从四方面提出了对策建议:建立健全80后农民工就业的社会保障机制;改革创新80后农民工就业培训模式;为农民工塑造良好的工作环境;构建农民工双向流迁就业体系。     

刘庆邦小说的人文精神

市场经济在给文学带来新的机遇的同时也带来了巨大的挑战,一部分作家自觉投入商品化的浪潮,在对欲望的抒写中放弃了对生命意义的探寻,导致文学精神的全面失落。刘庆邦创作中强烈的底层意识,以对人的生存境遇的关注凸显了社会的责任和良知,在商业化的写作浪潮中树立起一面精神的旗帜。     

浅析社会困境

社会困境是指那些使得个体理性导致集体非理性的环境。文章介绍了社会困境在两人和多人环境下的具体含义,详细说明了解决社会困境的可能途径,即动机性、策略性和结构性解决方法。     

The empirical Bayes estimators of the parameter of the Poisson distribution with a conjugate gamma prior under Stein's loss function

For the hierarchical Poisson and gamma model, we calculate the Bayes posterior estimator of the parameter of the Poisson distribution under Stein's loss function which penalizes gross overestimation and gross underestimation equally and the corresponding Posterior Expected Stein's Loss (PESL). We also obtain the Bayes posterior estimator of the parameter under the squared error loss and the corresponding PESL. Moreover, we obtain the empirical Bayes estimators of the parameter of the Poisson distribution with a conjugate gamma prior by two methods. In numerical simulations, we have illustrated: The two inequalities of the Bayes posterior estimators and the PESLs; the moment estimators and the Maximum Likelihood Estimators (MLEs) are consistent estimators of the hyperparameters; the goodness-of-fit of the model to the simulated data. The numerical results indicate that the MLEs are better than the moment estimators when estimating the hyperparameters. Finally, we exploit the attendance data on 314 high school juniors from two urban high schools to illustrate our theoretical studies.     

Independent attributes control chart for Markov-dependent processes

Statistical process monitoring (SPM) is a very efficient tool to maintain and to improve the quality of a product. In many industrial processes, end product has two or more attribute-type quality characteristics. Some of them are independent, but the observations are Markovian dependent. It is essential to develop a control chart for such situations. In this article, we develop an Independent Attributes Control Chart for Markov Dependent Processes based on error probabilities criterion under the assumption of one-step Markov dependency. Implementation of the chart is similar to that of Shewhart-type chart. Performance of the chart has been studied using probability of detecting shift criterion. A procedure to identify the attribute(s) responsible for out-of-control status of the process is given.     

谁的乡村建设？——基于乡村建筑变迁的观察和思考

在全面推进乡村振兴的大背景下，乡村建设正如火如荼地开展。其中，乡村建设中农民房屋建筑类型从特质性的“匠心独具”到同质性的“千村一面”，再到异化性的“自厝同异”变迁路径，反映出传统文化的保护危机，也深刻揭示出建筑变迁背后暗藏的农民与地方政府间的多元矛盾和博弈。此问题的根源在于农民主体性被消解，成了被建构的对象或客体，而地方政府却不断强化构建主体的身份认同。事实上，当前乡村建设呈现出五种不同的价值取向：一是为城市消费者休闲情趣的乡村建设；二是为城市中产阶级家乡情感的乡村建设；三是为地方政府凸显政绩的乡村建设；四是为开发商投资回报的乡村建设；五是为农民生存利益的乡村建设。不同参与者均带着不同的利益诉求介入乡村建设，直接影响到乡村建设的发展走向。因此，要处理乡村建设中的矛盾和问题，必须强化农民在乡村建设中的主体意识和主体身份，赋予农民对乡村建设事务的话语权与决定权。     

从俞平伯晚年自省和“李希凡自述”想到的(之三)——回应俞平伯晚年的红学研究反思

俞平伯先生晚年的红学自省是真实可信的,应引起红学界高度重视,他的红学研究思想的重大变化同1954年那场对他的批评有内在的因果关系。对当年那场"批俞评红"不能全盘否定,不能只讲负面问题,全面否定其正确性和必要性。现在红学研究的一些乱象正是当年批判过了的错误研究思想、研究方法的泛滥。这种泛滥同对当年的全盘否定不无关系。     

Raising rural women’s voices: From self-silencing to self-expression

Within the context of a community-academic partnership, we undertook a mixed-methods study to identify and explore health status, priorities, and management strategies among aging Wisconsin rural women. A questionnaire measuring diverse wellness needs was administered to women participating in personal development programming offered by a rural nonprofit organization. A subgroup participated in qualitative interviews to deepen the understanding of identified health priorities and methods of coping and healing. Findings provide insight into the prevalence of self-silencing among rural women and highlight mechanisms that help to facilitate the dismantling of self-silencing.     

论问题素养的创新驱动功能及教学培养机制

在问题与创新的逻辑关系中，是创新主体的问题素养内在而有效地驱动着创新。问题素养具有生命本然性、生活养成性、结构综合性、品质卓越性和人格指向性等丰富内涵，是由问题意识、问题境界、问题加工、问题体验、问题监控、问题解决心向等成分组成的系统结构，具有激发创新意识、引导创新精神、转化创新能力、承载创新行为和判定创新价值的驱动功能。问题素养培养的主渠道是课堂教学，应采取教学评价机制、信念突破机制、活动生成机制、模仿学习机制、专门训练机制和底蕴孕育机制，来培养和提升学生的问题素养。     

Fitting competing risks data to bivariate Pareto models

This paper revisits two bivariate Pareto models for fitting competing risks data. The first model is the Frank copula model, and the second one is a bivariate Pareto model introduced by Sankaran and Nair (1993 Sankaran, P. G., and N. U. Nair. 1993. A bivariate Pareto model and its applications to reliability. Naval Research Logistics 40 (7):1013–1020. doi:10.1002/1520-6750(199312)40:7%3c1013::AID-NAV3220400711%3e3.0.CO;2-7.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). We discuss the identifiability issues of these models and develop the maximum likelihood estimation procedures including their computational algorithms and model-diagnostic procedures. Simulations are conducted to examine the performance of the maximum likelihood estimation. Real data are analyzed for illustration.