试论两宋儒学的文本观及其经学中的语言学思想

两宋儒学提倡不盲从的普遍怀疑精神和学贵得之于心的自由学风，以“理义大本”为理性支点，力求除去个人私见与锢蔽，即从经文本身的语境即“上下文义”、理解的时间性即“熟读深思”上，“不为文字所桔”，求得圣人之意。这样，两宋儒学中的语言哲学既接续了汉唐注疏对圣人之意的传述，接植了先秦以来的言意之辨、名实之辨的语言哲学精神，又突破了训诂师承的传统，在读经与做人、创通经义与自我省察乃至提升理想人格上，提出了值得一再回味的命题，从而启开了经学与理学互释的源头。     

L-Fuzzy拓扑群的直积

证明了任意一族Ｌ－Ｆｕｚｚｙ拓扑群的直积仍是Ｌ－Ｆｕｚｚｙ拓扑群．研究了Ｌ－Ｆｕｚｚｙ拓扑群的直积的层次结构，揭示了它与分明拓扑群的直积之间的联系     

进出口商如何应对UCP600

UCP600相对于UCP500,在内容上作了大量实质性的修改。进出口商掌握信用证业务操作中的最新变化,对进一步促进我国贸易的发展有着重大的意义。在对UCP500和UCP600不同点分析的基础上,对进口商和出口商在信用证的运作的具体过程中的每一个环节应如何应对UCP600的变化提出了相应的建议。     

论张学良在西安事变和平解决中的地位和作用

西安事变的和平解决是促成蒋介石接受张、杨及中共抗日思想的关键.西安事变能够和平解决,真正起决定作用的是事变的主角张学良.在整个西安事变的发展过程中,张学良不仅是和平解决事变的倡导者,还是促进西安事变和平解决的实施者,张学良作为西安事变和平解决的主体地位以及发挥出的决定性作用,是应该给予充分肯定的.     

标准谬误论的批评和重新解读

诸多学者追随汉布林，对标准谬误论进行了广泛而持久的批评。这些批评无疑大大促进了谬误研究。但是，不仅这些批评存在矫枉过正的情况，而且也存在从新的视界重新解读标准谬误论的可能性。     

Ethical dilemmas in evaluating programs with family court related clients

Two ethical dilemmas are discussed; breaching client confidentiality in order to intervene in the client's illegal behavior, and defining the role of evaluator as expert witness. The evaluation context concerns a combined program development and evaluation project with clients involved in family court proceedings for child abuse or neglect. Different perspectives, approaches, and experiences in resolving each dilemma are reviewed. The conclusion argues that approaches to ethical dilemmas in evaluation projects must go beyond techniques to disguise data, to include an assessment of the values and value commitments connected to the different roles an evaluator must perform.     

Emergence of entrepreneurial behaviour: The role of age-based self-image

This study introduces an individual’s perception of their entrepreneurial potential in terms of their age (age-based self-image) to complement chronological age as a predictor of entrepreneurial behaviour. The principal hypothesis is that a positive age-based self-image enhances the likelihood of individuals turning their intention to start a business into actual behaviour. The empirical analysis based on data collected on the general adult population of Finland in 2011 and 2012 (n = 672) supports this hypothesis. The analysis further shows that this positive effect is independent of the individual’s chronological age, and it is thus applicable to both age groups that are under-represented in entrepreneurship: ‘youngsters’ and ‘seniors’. Promoting the development of a positive age-based self-image is a prospective policy option for fostering entrepreneurship among younger and older age groups. More in-depth research, especially concerning the antecedents of positive age-based self-image, is required for the effectiveness of such policy interventions.     

Good works well publicized? Understanding L. Ron Hubbard’s interpretation of Effective Public Relations

Scientology’s public relations function is based on research and writing by L. Ron Hubbard, who studied public relations and drafted documents directing Church communication strategies. Hubbard annotated the textbook Effective Public Relations, which was reprinted for Church practitioners. Textual analysis shows Hubbard was particularly interested in redefining key concepts, emphasizing interpersonal communication strategies, and selectively adopting media relations strategies. The findings suggest that he used the annotations to appropriate the text and position himself as a communications expert. Evidence suggests Church communication practitioners continue to follow Hubbard’s recommendations.     

Political confrontation over fiscal processes: The impact of the U.S. Congressional Budget Act

In July 1974 the U.S. Congressional Budget Act was signed into law. This legislation was the result of a heavily fought political confrontation between President Nixon and Congress over who controlled the Federal budget. In addition to the issue of control, the Act was prompted by dissatisfaction with the procedures used by Congress to determine Federal receipts and expenditures. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact this legislation had on the U.S. economy in its early years.The first section of the paper sets up a simple modeling framework. The model is specified so as to illustrate how a change in the budget process resulting from the Congressional Budget Act could potentially produce changes in the level of total output. This section also explains the derivation of a tax and expenditure series used in the model's empirical testing. The second section addresses some of the theoretical issues, and presents the results of simulations based on the Chase, Wharton, and Data Resources econometric models. Broad conclusions are gathered in the final section.