高压旋喷桩在隧道洞顶地表和洞口基地加固中的应用

当前我国大力发展西南地区客运专线项目建设,该地区属云贵高原,山高坡陡,线路设计隧道所占比例较大,沪昆项目隧道所占比例接近70%。隧址区存在地质复杂、地形多变、隧道进出口多存在浅埋、偏压及软弱围岩、洞口基地软基等地质危害,利用高压旋喷桩施工技术对隧道洞口洞顶及基地进行加固,为安全进洞施工及明洞施工提供了安全保证,其中明洞段软基处理可以尽早防治线路工程下沉、冒泥、弹簧土等严重危害运营安全的工程病害。     

基于定置管理的高速公路施工安全文化观研究

运用定置管理的科学原理和方法来进行高速公路施工现场的安全管理工作,可有效地使安全文明施工长期化,从而形成安全文化观,使公路工程建设项目优质高效安全文明地进行。     

Forest leaf litter quantity and seedling occurrence along an urban-rural gradient

Leaf litter, by modifying microenvironmental conditions, can alter plant population distributions and is considered to be a major force in structuring many plant communities. Comparative studies of urban, suburban, and rural forests in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area have identified numerous biotic and abiotic differences among these forests, including several involved in leaf litter decomposition. These differences in decomposition among the forests could result in differences in litter quantity on the forest floor and hence microenvironmental conditions and safe sites for germination of different plant species. We conducted a survey of forest floor leaf litter quantity in forests located along an urban-to-rural land-use gradient originating in urban NYC and extending to rural Connecticut. Mean litter depth, mass, and density increased significantly with increased distance of the forest from NYC.We also surveyed woody seedlings and compared the litter depth in which they naturally occurred to the mean litter depth of the surrounding forest. Seedlings of small-seeded species were much more likely to be located in litter shallower than mean forest litter depth than were seedlings of large-seeded species. Taken together, these results suggest that environmental changes associated with urbanization may have profound effects on long-term patterns of forest regeneration.     

国家崛起与信任状态:一项研究议程

一般认为,国家崛起与外部信任构建过程并不具有兼容性,崛起国与主导国之间一定会产生某种程度的猜忌和疑虑。国际关系的信任理论则认为,这种疑虑关系属于一种工具信任形态,并未排除基本信任成分。按照信任关系发展的基本层度,在工具信任、情感信任之间可以建立"关系信任"的状态,本文尝试从关系本位出发,构建关于崛起与信任之间的关系理解框架,探究二者同向展开的可能性。最近20年中美信任关系的演进过程已证实:安全崛起的良善前景,关键在于持存关系信任,重视共在策略,增续情感成分,调整相互预期,避免长期滞留于低信任层度。     

EDITORIAL

ABSTRACT

Many states are implementing concurrent planning as a means to expedite permanency planning for children in foster care; however, the parameters for this strategy vary significantly and the research regarding outcomes is sparse. This qualitative study sought to examine the experiences of child welfare experts, parents, foster parents and caseworkers regarding concurrent planning in New York State. The findings indicate that although concurrent planning is generally understood, training, services and supports are lacking for parents, foster parents, and caseworkers in the implementation of concurrent planning. In addition, although all parties see concurrent planning as an effective strategy, crafting and maintaining working relationships between key parties is challenging. Clearer communication with parents, joint training of caseworkers and foster parents, improved information disclosure, and fuller involvement of foster parents in the planning process are among the recommendations for improving practice.     

Prevalence of unprotected sex and HIV‐antibody testing among gay,lesbian, and bisexual youth

Prevalence of unprotected sex and HIV‐antibody testing were examined in a sample of Southern gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth (n = 117). In addition, a new measure was tested in terms of its ability to distinguish youth who obtain HIV‐antibody testing from those who do not. Data were collected at a conference for these youth, as well as at a Gay and Lesbian Community Center in a Southeastern metropolitan area. Youth reported engaging in a wide range of risk behaviors, yet less than one half had been tested for HIV. Factor analysis was conducted for the new measure, which assessed beliefs about HIV testing in youth, and each factor was significantly different for youth who had been tested compared to those who had not. Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth were at high risk for HIV infection and were often untested for HIV antibodies.     

Conceptual Framework for Integrating Holistic Perspectives and Approaches to Problems of Safe Motherhood

ABSTRACT

This article provides a conceptual framework for incorporating the array of variables defined in maternal health research in order to explicate their influence on problems of safe motherhood. Focusing an overview of the articles in this collection, in addition to strategies and policies needed from practitioners' perspectives and finding from case studies, research findings from a variety of countries are provided. Factors influencing positive outcomes such as age of mother, skilled attendants at delivery, and prenatal care are considered. The importance of the political and economic structure and stability of the country which plays an important role is discussed.     

Challenges of Safe Motherhood: Program and Policy Recommendations

ABSTRACT

This article synthesizes the major findings from research and case studies on safe motherhood and focuses on best practices and changes in public policy. Many factors that negatively influence safe motherhood can be ameliorated—and have been in numerous societies through education, access to resources, public–private partnerships, and grassroots efforts. A model identifying the interrelationship of variable is provided. Policy recommendations are discussed.     

筒式电热蒸馏水器的节水改造

筒式电热蒸馏水器是一种常用的制作蒸馏水设备,因为它结构简单,价格低,所以被相关单位广泛使用。但是它在使用中存在水资源浪费大,不能停水等缺点,因此利用二次供水方式加以改造,可以起到节约水资源,安全可靠的作用。     

比较safe和secure的语义差异

基于语料库中的相关数据,对形容词safe和secure的语义差异进行对比和分析。通过分别对safe和Secure两个词进行检索,统计它们在语料库中的不同使用域的词频,观察检索后所呈现的搭配关系等语义特点,量化分析它们之间存在的差异,从而对词汇的概念认识扩展到对词汇的语用认识。