工程伦理建设与和谐社会的构建

工程活动对社会发展具有重大作用和影响,目前工程伦理缺失现象严重,构建和谐社会亟需加强工程伦理建设。在建设过程中,应抓住研究、立法和教育三个重点。     

土木工程专业人才培养模式探讨

土木工程专业人才培养应当适应科技发展、社会需求和国际竞争的要求,构建一个使受教育者具有合理的知识、能力、素质结构的全面发展的人才培养模式.文章通过土木工程专业教学计划的制定,在更新教学内容、调整课程体系、构建培养方案等方面做了有益探索.     

论企业安全文化建设的形式系统模式

企业安全文化建设是一项综合性的创建活动,也是一项复杂的系统工程。通过分析研究企业安全文化建设中存在的主要问题,结合企业安全文化建设实践中积累的经验,从价值观和员工个人素质这两个方面作为出发点,尝试构建了一套企业安全文化建设的形式系统模式。     

试论卡尔·波普尔的社会技术观

卡尔·波普尔不仅是一位科学(自然科学)哲学家,而且是一位社会科学(技术)哲学家.波普尔从"封闭社会"向"开放社会"转化视角提出"逐步的社会工程"理论;从社会科学"有限理性"视角提出"社会技术"范畴,并把"社会技术"视为"政治的科学基础";从社会本体的主体际性视角分析了"社会技术"(社会工程)与"物理技术"(物理工程)的关系.     

启发式教学法在"环境工程微生物学"教学中的应用

启发式教学法能有效激发学生学习兴趣和创新意识。本文探讨了多媒体形象启发、理论联系实际、课堂互动竞赛等启发式教学手段在环境工程微生物学教学中的应用,并总结作者提高教学质量的体会。     

突发社会安全事件下大众羊群行为的演化模拟及行为族现象

基于行为的传播性和保持性,对突发社会安全事件下的大众羊群行为利用元胞自动机进行了模拟.从各类行为者均匀混合的初始条件开始,得到了非常接近社会实际情况的行为族现象.研究结果表明,只要各种行为的比例相差不过于悬殊,羊群行为并不能导致许多行为的消失而使群体中只存在一种行为,而是许多类型的行为以行为族的方式同时存在.     

以力学课程学习为依托培养学生的工程能力

以工程人才所应具备的创新精神和工程能力为出发点,介绍了对力学课程进行的改革与建设。在教学中对课程的教学内容和方法进行了改革,将科研和工程实践引进教学,培养了学生的工程能力,尤其是创新精神,取得了良好的教学效果。     

The essential role of cultural safety in developing culturally-relevant prevention programming in First Nations communities: Lessons learned from a national evaluation of Mental Health First Aid First Nations

Mental Health First Aid is a population health approach that educates people to recognize and respond to mental health challenges. Since 2012, the Mental Health Commission of Canada has worked with six First Nations communities to develop a culturally-relevant version of the program called Mental Health First Aid First Nations (MHFAFN). This paper presents mixed methods, multi-informant data from a national evaluation to assess the extent to which the course was experienced as culturally safe by Indigenous participants, factors that contributed to these experiences, and ways in which cultural relevancy of MHFAFN can be improved. Our evaluation team conducted participant interviews and surveys, as well as facilitator interviews. Nearly all Indigenous participants (94.6%) experienced the course as safe. Participants and facilitators identified a range of factors that promoted cultural safety, including the knowledge and skills of the facilitators and the cultural components of the course. Participants that did not experience safety identified trauma-related factors and facilitation style. The findings suggest that MHFAFN may be situated in a way where shared cultural backgrounds are imperative to the success of the course. Further evaluation of the MHFAFN curriculum, with the goal of continual improvement, may help to further enhance participants’ experiences in taking the course.     

政府监管优化的智慧化取向:以食品安全监管为例

以食品安全监管为例,智慧监管已经成为政府监管优化的新方向。领域内的实践表明:智慧监管的应用往往被视为基于大数据等新技术的科学监管,以实现“精准管”。然而,理论和域外发展指出,监管的智慧性并不仅仅在于技术带来的监管改进,同样在于组合不同的监管主体和工具来实现“多元治”。当整合数据驱动和多元参与实现监管智慧化时,还需借助针对监管的规划性、评估性和理论创新性来促进智慧监管线下协调和线上升级的协同性。     

Evaluation of a drug and alcohol safety education program in aviation using interrupted time series and the Kirkpatrick framework

Compliance with drug and alcohol regulations are required by 14 CFR Part 120/ and 49 CFR Part 40. These regulations affect approximately 7200 aviation-related companies and their associated services. Consequences for noncompliance can include loss of revenue from imposition of civil penalties, suspension, or revocation of the company’s certificate to conduct business. Front End Analysis (FEA) was conducted to determine specific performance problems and provide five tailored educational interventions to address them. Program evaluation was conducted using Interrupted Time Series (ITS) modeling. Results showed significant (p < .05) decreases in nonconformities across all five models with small to moderate effect sizes. Based on the relative effects, values for reductions in civil penalty costs between 16% and 47%, were predicted. Actual sanction reductions from the pre-to-post-intervention periods were confirmed to be 24.21%. The study supported the efficacy of the ITS approach for implementation of level four Kirkpatrick evaluation.