基于可达性与经济联系的“一带一路”经济带引力格局划分

对“一带一路”经济带交通网络及国家经济联系的研究是推进沿线国家合作相通的基础,基于 GIS 空间分析技术,运用栅格成本加权距离算法计算“一带一路”的空间可达性,进而引入引力模型,测度中国与“一带一路”沿线国家的经济联系强度,探讨中国与沿线国家的经济联系空间结构及引力格局划分方法。研究认为,“一带一路”中国地区主要节点可达性空间分布具有“通道”型空间特征;西安是“一带一路”起点地区的质心城市,承担了中国境内大部分区域与丝绸之路经济带内国家及地区的联系,沈阳是东北地区中蒙俄经济走廊的重要节点,是中国向北开放的窗口;中国与沿线国家经济联系的区域特征明显,具有强经济联系的国家有孟加拉国、巴基斯坦、印度、俄罗斯等,较强经济联系的国家基本为中亚区域国家,主要是蒙古、哈萨克斯坦、波兰等,欧洲区域的大部分国家与中国的经济联系强度处于中等水平;根据经济联系强度,将“一带一路”经济带分为三大区域:东部地区、中部地区、西部地区,以中蒙俄、中巴、孟中印缅经济走廊以及丝绸之路经济带为纽带,推动区域交通基础设施建设和国际合作,三大区域应该加强优势互补与贸易相通,打造城市群与重要节点城市来提升开放型经济发展水平。     

Positive and negative impacts of job loss on family life: the perceptions of Australian car workers

This article contributes to research on the impact of job loss on families. It is based on survey responses from 371 workers and in‐depth interviews with 39 of them about the family impacts of their job loss from the Mitsubishi car factory in Adelaide in 2004–2005. A majority of workers said family life had been affected by their job loss. Quantitative analysis identified four variables significantly associated with family impacts: marital status, children living at home, employment status and financial management. Qualitative responses showed the predominantly negative impacts were financial strain, loss of relationship stability and general stress and worry, although few faced catastrophic impacts from their job loss. However, in contrast to most previous research, the in‐depth interviews also revealed positive impacts from job loss, such as having more time at home and to spend with their family. We conclude that the existence of ongoing income support and public health insurance in Australia were important in avoiding catastrophic financial impacts on these workers and their families.     

中国网约车规制政策述评

针对“互联网+”背景下中国网约车存在一定的市场失灵、规制政策不再适用等问题,在规制经济学理论框架下,在网约车业务分类的基础上,对中国目前网约车规制政策的形成过程及主要内容进行了分析评述。研究认为,现有规制政策体系已相对完整,但规制的内容和手段略显僵化;目前规制制度设计应充分考虑网约车行业特点,从规制主体、规制对象、规制内容及规制手段等方面进一步完善创新。     

基于服务蓝图理论的客运站车方服务质量评价研究

为提升客运站自身市场竞争力,改善其对车方的服务质量管理,以车方客户作为提升服务质量管理对象,在服务蓝图理论的基础上,针对性地建立起具有18项评价指标的车方服务质量评价体系,并应用改进的IPA分析法进行服务质量评价与改进研究,指出客运站应在车方行包服务、司乘人员信息服务以及停车位数量与管理等方面进行重点改进。     

A Qualitative Exploration of Self-Regulation Behaviors Among Older Drivers

While much of the research on aging and driving has focused on sensory and motor changes, little is known about older drivers and the actual self-regulation adjustments they employ to continue driving safely. This research looks at how older drivers have made changes to driving patterns and behaviors that have allowed them to continue to drive without compromising their perceived safety, independence, and quality of life. Nine focus groups were held with older men and women aged 58 to 89 years. Some of the major themes that emerged were the following: older adults are very aware of age-related changes to driving; they perceive that self-regulation behaviors change with age; and they view transportation alternatives as limited or nonexistent. Policy implications include developing functional transit programs for older adults and car manufacturer training workshops to educate older adults on the safety features of newly purchased automobiles.     

Walking the Tightrope: Developing a Systems Approach to Balance Safety and Mobility for an Aging Society

In an aging population, safety and mobility are often viewed as being in conflict, when in fact they are two values that must be reflected equally in transportation policy. The challenge for policy makers and for society is to emphasize and optimize both. To achieve this, a comprehensive systems approach to driver health, personal decision-making and planning, community and transportation systems construction, vehicle design, and licensing regulations is needed. Such an approach requires crafting policies based on conceptualizing the issue as a continuum of resources facilitating safety and mobility regardless of driving status. The discussion that follows reviews components of the issue and suggestions for developing a comprehensive approach.     

我国航空运输LTO阶段和巡航阶段排放量测算与预测

利用国际民航组织的发动机排放数据库和我国航空运输的生产数据,测算2011—2016年我国航空运输在LTO阶段和巡航阶段各种污染物的排放量。同时,针对典型机型、典型机场和典型航线进行相关污染物排放量的测算。研究方法和研究结论对于测算和治理我国航空运输排放产生的环境外部成本具有重要意义。     

重庆城市交通拥堵问题及缓解对策研究

分析重庆市主城区城市交通发展与运行现状以及面临的各种严峻挑战,借鉴国内外先进城市“公交优先”可持续城市交通发展的主导战略经验,提出明确公共交通为主的发展模式、确保公交路权优先、优化公交线网结构、企事业单位镨时上下班、加强机动车管理等对策,以缓解重庆市主城区的交通拥堵。     

Voluntary and Involuntary Driving Cessation in Later Life

This study explores the decision-making process of driving cessation in later life, with a focus on voluntariness. The sample included 83 former drivers from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. A majority of participants (83%) reportedly stopped driving by their own decision. However, many voluntary driving retirees reported external factors such as financial difficulty, anxiety about driving, or lack of access to a car as main reasons for driving cessation. These findings imply that distinction between voluntary and involuntary driving cessation is ambiguous and that factors beyond health status, including financial strain, play a role in the transition to non-driving.     

危险物品肇事罪若干争议问题研究

危险物品肇事罪的主体是一般主体;单位和对危险物品的作业活动进行指挥、管理的人员以及对保障上述活动安全的劳动安全设施负责维护、管理的人员均能成为本罪的犯罪主体。刑法中的危险物品是指由于其化学、物理或者毒性特性,在生产、储存、运输、使用的过程中能够危及人身安全或财产安全的爆炸性、易燃性、放射性、毒害性、腐蚀性的物品。"生产、存储、运输、使用"危险物品的活动不要求必须是合法进行的,同时也不限于必须在业务活动中实施;本罪中的"生产、储存、运输、使用"活动包括对军用危险物品的"生产、储存、运输、使用"。