抗战时期四联总处与战时盐业运输简

“七七事变”后,沿海各产盐区先后沦于敌手,大批存盐滞留盐场。为避免存盐资敌,满足战时军需民食对食盐的需求,国民政府根据当时“商疲力竭”的盐业运输实际现状,及时调整盐务运输政策,实行官商并运。抗战初期成立的国民政府最高经济与金融机构四联总处,根据战时盐业运输政策调整的实际需要,大力实施战时盐务贷款政策,利用国家各大银行的金融力量大力开展贴现与放款业务,尽力向国家所属盐运机关、盐商提供贷款。从资金方面确保战时盐业运输的顺利进行,为将沿海大批食盐抢运到内地创造了条件。伴随着战时盐业“官运”规模的扩大,四联总处提高对战时盐业运输的认识,将盐务贷款上升到关系抗战胜利的高度,对于国家所属盐务机关及各地盐运商的盐业运输贷款需求,尽量给予协助办理。历史证明,四联总处所实施的战时盐务贷款,在促进战时盐业运输,满足大后方军民食盐需求等方面起了重要作用,有助于战时食盐的抢运与运销。从而支持了抗战的胜利。     

公路货运交易市场现代物流模式及运行机制

公路货运交易业经过10多年的发展,已经形成了具有43 600多家经营业户的业态规模,在公路运输系统中发挥着重要的运输组织、中介服务职能。通过研究货运交易业的现状与发展趋势,针对目前货运交易业存在的货运市场空间布局无序、交易分割封闭,综合物流服务能力低等方面的问题,提出了货运交易空间载体有形化、货运交易层次化、网络化阶段与货运交易服务模式物流化“三阶段”发展的模式及相应的运行机制,以突破目前分散、封闭的交易运作方式,促进公路货运交易向可持续的、网络化、物流化方向发展。     

影响私人轿车拥有的因素分析

轿车进入家庭不是单一因素的结果。通过对影响轿车拥有和使用的因素,即效用、收入、城市结构、城市交通、城市道路设施和政策导向等六个方面的分析,指出应从多层面来研究中国汽车工业作为支柱产业的支撑条件,使汽车工业产出与运行需求均衡发展。     

中国物流业发展基础的构筑

通过对中国各运输方式现状的研究，论述物流与运输的互动发展关系，提出发展中国综合运输系统的相关建议和设想。     

强化学习型匝道控制模型的研究

高速公路上的交通堵塞造成了道路利用效率低下，并伴随着能源消耗和环境污染问题，因此各种各样的高速公路控制方法应用于缓解交通堵塞。本文提出强化学习型匝道控制模型，该模型以交通流模拟为预测工具，以人工智能的强化学习为最优化选择模型，并具有一定的自主性、有记忆功能和性能反馈功能，且是一种动态的过程。应用JAVA针对不同的交通状态进行模拟再现，模拟结果表明匝道控制模型对于减少交通堵塞具有显著的效果。     

Predictors of college-student food security and fruit and vegetable intake differ by housing type

ABSTRACT

Objective: We assessed whether college-student characteristics associate with food security and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and whether these associations differ in students in housing with and without food provision. Participants: 514 randomly-sampled students from a large, Midwestern, public university in 2012 and 2013 Methods: Ordered logistic regression tested how student characteristics associate with food security. Linear regression tested how student characteristics associate with FV intake. Analyses were stratified by housing type – that is, housing with food provision (dormitory, fraternity/sorority house, cooperative) vs. housing without food provision.Results: Only among those living in housing without food provision, males (p = 0.04), students without car access (p = 0.005), and those with marginal (p = 0.001) or low (p = 0.001) food security demonstrated lower FV intake. Conclusions: Housing with food provision may buffer the effects of student characteristics on food.     

Socialities in Motion: Automobility and Car Cruising in Iceland☆

Abstract

Car cruising is a common phenomenon around the globe. In Iceland, the activity is a major assimilative sociocultural phenomenon for young people and especially for novice drivers. This article documents car cruising in Iceland and contextualizes it within discussions of automobility. It is based on semi-structured, ‘on the move’ interviews taken with people during cruising. Participants were also asked to take pictures of their cruising activities. It seems that car cruising is an opportunity for young people to integrate themselves into the systemic regime of automobility. This shows the importance of socialities when it comes to individual practices and expressions of automobility, but also the structuring role of those socialities. The paper also elucidates how that activity impacts upon spaces. It demonstrates that it is intimately connected with human territoriality, or how young drivers appropriate and influence the spaces and places of automobility and ultimately contribute to their production and reproduction, thus sustaining the systemic regime of automobility.     

私家车增长logistic回归分析模型

为汽车销售行业制定营销策略提供借鉴,也为私家车消费者理性决策提供参考,通过分析购置私家车的主要影响因素家庭因素、停车条件、交通环境、养车费用与购车决策之间的相关关系,运用SPSS软件进行模拟运算,建立了私家车购置logistic回归分析模型,应用该模型对私家车增加进行了预测,并对私家车购置决策提供了可参考的方法。     

大宗物资集中采购的调运计划研究

大宗物资调运问题是一个受多因素影响的复杂问题,一般来讲,其调运数量大、地域跨度大、时间紧。如何协调供需以及运输能力,保证物资采购部门的经济利益是本文所要研究的问题。本文首先给出了大宗物资集中采购的调运模式,然后针对采购部门在大宗物资调运过程中遇到的困难,为采购部门提出了以获取数量折扣、准时采购、降低库存成本和协调运输能力为准则的调运计划模型。数值计算表明应用本文所建模型编制调运计划能够达到降低采购费用、协调运输能力的目的,为大宗物资调运计划的编制提供了一种较为有效的方法。     

Assessing Engineering Resilience for Systems with Multiple Performance Measures

Recently, efforts to model and assess a system's resilience to disruptions due to environmental and adversarial threats have increased substantially. Researchers have investigated resilience in many disciplines, including sociology, psychology, computer networks, and engineering systems, to name a few. When assessing engineering system resilience, the resilience assessment typically considers a single performance measure, a disruption, a loss of performance, the time required to recover, or a combination of these elements. We define and use a resilient engineered system definition that separates system resilience into platform and mission resilience. Most complex systems have multiple performance measures; this research proposes using multiple objective decision analysis to assess system resilience for systems with multiple performance measures using two distinct methods. The first method quantifies platform resilience and includes resilience and other “ilities” directly in the value hierarchy, while the second method quantifies mission resilience and uses the “ilities” in the calculation of the expected mission performance for every performance measure in the value hierarchy. We illustrate the mission resilience method using a transportation systems‐of‐systems network with varying levels of resilience due to the level of connectivity and autonomy of the vehicles and platform resilience by using a notional military example. Our analysis found that it is necessary to quantify performance in context with specific mission(s) and scenario(s) under specific threat(s) and then use modeling and simulation to help determine the resilience of a system for a given set of conditions. The example demonstrates how incorporating system mission resilience can improve performance for some performance measures while negatively affecting others.