Risk Management for Hazardous Materials Transportation: A Local Study in Lyons

A probabilistic risk assessment study has been undertaken in the French city of Lyons. The issue was to know whether it was justified to forbid hazardous material lorries in the city center and to divert them through the suburbs. Therefore, two routes, the City Center route and the Suburban route were compared. This paper describes the analysis and shows how the results were used in the decision-making process. It also lists the difficulties that are encountered when trying to incorporate formal risk analysis into actual decision-making processes. The risk analysis showed that rerouting is an effective option with respect to all criteria. The mathematical expectation of the number of deaths is divided by three, the reduction on the annual frequency of catastrophic accidents is even more important (about one order of magnitude for accidents involving more than 50 deaths). The spatial analysis proved that the risk was more evenly distributed along the Suburban route. However, the annual expected number of death is low: 0.5 in the worst case. So traditional decision-making approaches do not indicate the necessity of rerouting. Such a situation is believed to be typical for risk management of major hazards. In Lyons, the use of a very small risk aversion factor is sufficient to justify the rerouting option on a formal decision-aiding basis. This is rather unusual, but it is thought that the recognition of the importance of risk aversion by the decision-makers themselves is a very positive outcome from this study.     

机动车超载行为的博弈分析及治理措施

结合新近实施的《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》的相关内容对机动车超载的成因进行了博弈分析,认为导致中国现行治理超载措施成效不佳的主要原因是交通规费差别化的不可能、公正处罚的概率不高和管理者的自由裁量权过大。提出了规范汽车生产企业的运力标示行为、加大对交通管理部门的腐败查处力度和细化处罚标准的治理措施。     

Risk Associated with Transportation of Spent Nuclear Fuel Under Demanding Security Constraints: The Colombian Experience

This note describes some of the safety and security concerns posed by the transportation of highly enriched uranium (HEU) from a nuclear research reactor located in Bogota (Colombia) to a port on the Colombian Caribbean coast. The operation was made at a moment of extremely high guerilla activity in Colombia, so that the decision-problem belongs in the extension of risk analysis known as threat analysis. By invoking a principle of dispreference for probability based on the concept of stochastic dominance, a qualitative risk comparison was made between the road and air alternatives.     

交通事故损害赔偿责任分担

"行为违章,撞了白撞"引起广泛关注、争论.文章从理论、立法、社会实践多角度考虑,认为"行人违章,撞了不能白撞",车方仍应合理分担其应负的赔偿责任.     

实施国库集中收付对交通部门的影响及对策

国库集中收付是我国财政预算体制改革的重要内容之一。但实施国库集中收付对交通管理部门产生一定的影响,不利于我国公路建设的发展。在分析国库集中收付对交通部门影响的基础上,提出了交通部门实施国库集中收付的具体方式及有关建议。     

梯面镇道路系统规划探讨

依据梯面镇社会经济发展总体规划的指导思想，在分析该镇现状道路和区际交通发展的基础上，研究了镇域道路系统的发展战略，提出了道路网规划的基本原则．结合镇域地理环境和分区特点，确定道路使用功能和基本格局，编制了道路系统规划并提出路网实施计划与措施．     

新时代推进绿色城镇化发展的战略思考

推进绿色城镇化是新时代实现绿色发展的重要抓手.中国城镇化绿色转型的战略重点包括绿色产业体系构建、城镇基本"硬件"绿色升级、城镇空间规划布局优化和城镇生态环境有效治理.推进绿色城镇化,要完善绿色技术与绿色金融服务体系,加快传统产业绿色改造、壮大绿色新兴产业,实现城镇产业发展绿色化;大力开发和应用绿色能源,稳步推广绿色建筑,促进绿色交通发展,推动城镇"硬件"低碳化;优化城镇规划建设,促进城镇空间布局集约化、建设管理精细化;构建政府为主导、企业为主体、社会组织和公众共同参与的生态环境治理体系,确保城镇生态环境治理科学化高效化.     

元剧中所反映的交通工具蠡测

元杂剧中因剧情和反映生活之需要,保存了大量的行旅交通民俗风情,其中关于马驴舟车等交通工具的描写别具一格。而这些风俗的描写表现为亦蒙亦汉、亦南亦北、亦古亦今的特点,呈现出元人在民俗风情上的包容性、承传性、变异性诸特色。从剧情上表现和发展的需要上看,元剧中的交通工具的展示是附着在剧情和剧中人之上的,因而这种习俗的展现不是平面的静止的,而是鲜活的有血有肉的,正因为有了这些真实生活习尚的描述和表现,才赋予戏剧深广时尚的艺术魅力。     

公路运输企业绿色度的综合评价

本文首先结合公路运输企业的自身特点和现代物流绿色化的发展要求,建立了公路运输企业绿色度的评价指标体系,并在此基础上构造了主客观相结合的指标权重赋值法。其次,通过构造最优矩阵和最劣矩阵,并运用模糊多层次综合评价法进行了综合评价。     

可进入性与海南旅游业的发展

本文从目前海南旅游交通的现状分析,探讨海南旅游业的可进入性。