塔里木盆地志留系古油藏规模探讨

塔里木盆地志留系有广泛的沥青砂岩分布，表明志留系曾经有大规模的油气聚集，同时也说明志留系古油藏曾经遭受了严重的破坏。弄清志留系古油藏规模的大小，对正确评价志留系的剩余资源量及对志留系的进一步油气勘探都具有重要的意义。研究了志留系沥青砂岩分布特征、形成阶段及形成机理，建立了早期志留系油气成藏模式，分析了志留系古油藏的形成过程，认为现今志留系广泛分布的沥青砂是古油藏形成后遭受构造破坏的过程中以及油藏破坏后油气运移补充的过程中形成的；志留系古油藏并不是一个整一的特大型古油藏，而是仅分布于古构造局部相对高部位的多个大型古油藏。     

‘Some kids climb up; some kids climb down’: culturally constructed play-worlds of children with impairments

In this paper, the author explores how children with impairments can act as self-monitoring, autonomous individuals in their play in a community playground. In addition, the notion of children with impairments as creative agents in their play is examined. The evidence presented in this paper is derived from the views and perspectives of children with impairments as playground users, and was collected from the children’s photographic scrapbooks and the researcher’s own observations of children’s play in a naturalistic playground setting. The theoretical perspective for this paper draws on the emerging ‘social model of childhood disability’ and provides scope to attempt to understand the culturally constructed play-worlds of children with impairments.     

新时期中国家庭伦理剧中“媳妇”形象分析

近年来，婆媳题材的家庭伦理剧广泛活跃于银幕之上，深受社会关注。其中所塑造的不同风格的媳妇形象也深入人心，反映出了各自鲜明的时代特征。自20世纪90年代以来到新世纪的今天，出现了一系列颇有影响力的该类题材家庭伦理剧。这些作品在塑造媳妇形象的同时，也反映出不同的女性在不同的家庭生活与背景中面临的困境与选择。这些受到广泛关注的媳妇形象在宏观方面大致可分为奉献隐忍型、新潮泼辣型、理解尊重型等三种类型，而各自不同的形象类型背后．反映出了家庭关系中传统伦理道德与现代意识的相互冲突却又彼此包容妥协的关系。     

临床心理学教学方式探究

根据临床心理学学科的性质和特点，在教学过程中应用视频材料组织教学，用实验的方法、角色扮演的方法和课堂讨论等方法完成教学任务。临床心理学教师应该了解国外临床心理学教学的现状，大胆尝试，探索符合自己国情的临床心理学教学方法。     

Evidence for Learning to Learn Behavior in Normal Form Games

Evidence presented in Salmon (2001; Econometrica 69(6) 1597) indicates that typical tests to identify learning behavior in experiments involving normal form games possess little power to reject incorrect models. This paper begins by presenting results from an experiment designed to gather alternative data to overcome this problem. The results from these experiments indicate support for a learning-to-learn or rule learning hypothesis in which subjects change their decision rule over time. These results are then used to construct an adaptive learning model which is intended to mimic more accurately the behavior observed. The final section of the paper presents results from a simple simulation based analysis comparing the performance of this adaptive learning model with that of several standard decision rules in reproducing the choice patterns observed in the experiment.JEL Classification: C92, C72     

Mother Bear: A Relational Approach to Child Therapy

This paper explores the role and importance of the relationship in the treatment of a young foster child. Because of parental neglect and loss, the child related in an inauthentic manner in order to engage her parents. Her manner of relating arose from old patterns, which were defensive adaptations to traumatic situations. The authors employ a relational theory of the self to conceptualize the processes from an intrapsychic and interpersonal perspective. The paper emphasizes that all the interactions between child and therapist, both in and out of the traditional therapy office, converged into a multidimensional authentic relationship. The authors define this relationship experience as the life space and believe that the establishment of the life space contributed to progress in the therapy.     

Experience-weighted Attraction Learning in Normal Form Games

In ‘experience-weighted attraction’ (EWA) learning, strategies have attractions that reflect initial predispositions, are updated based on payoff experience, and determine choice probabilities according to some rule (e.g., logit). A key feature is a parameter δ that weights the strength of hypothetical reinforcement of strategies that were not chosen according to the payoff they would have yielded, relative to reinforcement of chosen strategies according to received payoffs. The other key features are two discount rates, φ and ρ, which separately discount previous attractions, and an experience weight. EWA includes reinforcement learning and weighted fictitious play (belief learning) as special cases, and hybridizes their key elements. When δ= 0 and ρ= 0, cumulative choice reinforcement results. When δ= 1 and ρ=φ, levels of reinforcement of strategies are exactly the same as expected payoffs given weighted fictitious play beliefs. Using three sets of experimental data, parameter estimates of the model were calibrated on part of the data and used to predict a holdout sample. Estimates of δ are generally around .50, φ around .8 − 1, and ρ varies from 0 to φ. Reinforcement and belief-learning special cases are generally rejected in favor of EWA, though belief models do better in some constant-sum games. EWA is able to combine the best features of previous approaches, allowing attractions to begin and grow flexibly as choice reinforcement does, but reinforcing unchosen strategies substantially as belief-based models implicitly do.     

丹麦早期增强教育课程改革概况与启示

正确处理早期学习与游戏的关系是丹麦早期教育课程改革的核心议题。伴随对早期教育机构质量提升的需要以及对早期教育机构“学校化”的担忧,2018年丹麦开启了新一轮的国家课程标准修订,开始实施“增强教育课程”改革。“增强教育课程”建立在九个共同教学要素之上,并围绕六个相互联系的课程主题展开,相比以往,进一步加强了对游戏、学习以及儿童观的详细描述,尤其重申了儿童自发游戏的重要价值。“增强教育课程”还十分注重通过自我反思性评估和外部监测来保障课程实施的质量。丹麦课程改革启示我们要充分保障儿童游戏的权利,肯定游戏的价值,真正落实早期教育课程中的儿童参与和家庭参与,并通过科学评价提升和改进早期教育质量。     

宜兴紫砂壶艺与中国文化的基本精神

陶都宜兴的陶文化已具有七千年的历史。紫砂壶艺,是天人合一的产物,同时它又是能工巧匠运用土、水、火加工而成,千百年来代代相传,紫砂壶艺之美,体现了实用和艺术的统一,是中国人民智慧的结晶,体现了中国文化的基本精神。     

“G—D—F复合安置”模式的提出、构建与实证

当前我国失地农民的安置中存在比较突出的问题和尖锐的矛盾,如何安置失地农民已成为社会各界关注的焦点。基于博弈论与复合行政理论对失地农民进行安置研究,提出了具有普适性的＂G—D—F复合安置＂模式,其运行过程模型对安置主体进行了动态的利益博弈分析,并通过＂复合问责＂等机制对运行加以保障。通过长沙实证,验证并得出了G—D—F五位一体的复合安置模式。