论民族素质能量的积聚途径和方式--民族素质研究之四

本文利用丰富的资料,从教育、研究与开发、知识产权保护、开放度等四个方面,对民族素质能量积聚的途径、方式进行了开拓性的研究.     

能效标识对节能产品选择的引导效用分析——基于京东家电线上销售的实证检验

搜集冰箱、洗衣机、空调三种大家电的线上销售数据,通过描述性分析、组间差异比较、多元回归分析等方式分析能效标识的市场引导效果。结果显示消费者对不同等级家电产品的选择量存在差异,但不同能效等级间消费者满意度并无明显差异,能效等级并非是影响消费者选择和满意度的显著因素。     

民间信仰的情感维度与村落公共生活的整合——以桂北村落为考察对象

桂北村落以"天地国亲师"为崇拜对象的传统民间信仰把集体仪式嵌入到村庄的日常生活中,不断在人们情绪高昂的时刻唤醒内心深处的亲情,人们在子孙绵延的情感之链中寻找安身立命的基础,祖先与子嗣在阴阳两界之间互相支持,而兄弟与村友成为在同一块土地上延续永恒的同道者。通过以丧礼为代表的情感宣泄机制,人们直觉到村庄共同体的存在,并产生出宗教般的神圣感。这种信仰型塑了全体村民对于村庄的深切认同与情感依恋,使得他们在村庄公共生活中甘心付出,并主动承担责任。     

中国国际贸易结构变化对能源消费影响途径分析

上世纪90年代以后,工业制成品在中国对外贸易中占有更重要地位,中国对外贸易也因此可能对能源消费产生更显著影响。本文运用投入产出系统理论,通过建立能源消费的直接消耗系数和完全消耗系数计算模型,运用1992年、1997年和2002年的投入产出表数据等,首次研究了中国对外贸易分行业结构变化对能源消费的直接影响途径和间接影响途径。研究认为,金属冶炼及压延加工业、化学工业、火电及蒸汽热水生产供应业、煤炭采选业、石油加工业是相关行业净出口对能源消费重要的影响途径,这些行业能源效率的提高通过产业关联可以更有效地降低中国对外贸易净出口对能源消费的不利影响;最后,提出了相关政策建议。     

京津冀人口集聚对能源消费的影响

京津冀作为我国重要的人口集聚区,其区域发展面临严重的能源和环境问题。首先,基于STIRPAT模型构建京津冀面板数据模型,研究1990—2017年京津冀人口密度、经济增长、产业结构和环境规制对能源消费的影响。其次,采用SVAR模型通过脉冲响应函数和方差分解,研究京津冀人口密度变动对能源消费的作用机理和动态影响关系。结果显示,京津冀三地的人口密度、人均实际GDP与能源消费之间存在正向影响关系,其中河北省影响系数最大;北京和天津第三产业占比与能源消费之间存在反向影响关系,河北省第三产业占比对能源消费的影响不显著;北京和天津的环境规制对能源消费影响不显著,河北省环境规制对能源消费具有正向影响;京津冀地区和京冀两地人口密度变动对能源消费的影响在短期呈现负向效应,但是在中长期京津冀地区和三地人口密度变动对能源消费的影响均先上升然后缓慢下降,人口集聚具有集约用能效应。相对于能源消费自身影响而言,京津冀人口密度变动对能源消费的贡献相对较小,其影响效应有限。最后,对京津冀人口流动和能源消费一体化协同发展提出对策建议。     

节能指标分解模型探析——基于甘肃省的实证分析

国家“十一五”规划提出,到2010年万元产值能耗降低20％。这个宏伟目标的实现对于我国经济增长和降低能源消耗具有重要意义。基于单位GDP能耗影响因素的分析,采用组合赋权的理论,对各影响因素进行合理的赋权,并在权重系数的基础上建构了节能目标由省到地级市分解的理论模型。然后根据构建的模型,利用甘肃省的经济和能耗数据对该省节能20％的目标向各地区科学、合理分解进行了探析。     

Another economy: towards a cultural dialectics between energy and society

The looming oil crisis, pollution, and climate change have pushed governments, corporations, and individuals to think of new policies, new objects/products and new manners to market them – usually under the label of “green economy” (or the shifting towards a sustainable economy).

The changes that are on the way as a result of the envisaged “green revolution” need a broad vision that couples the economy of energetic techniques with the related socio-cultural economy that is induced by, and at the same time reciprocally influences, the mere technical transformations.

Based on previous analysis of theories of socio-technological change and putting at its center the concept of subjectivation in social sciences, this article proposes a theoretical understanding of cultural shifts and their relationship with changes in the practices of production, transfer and use of energy.

First part presents a schema of subjectivation in triangulation, that links the biological level with the material culture and with the representational realm of normativities in our society. It will be developed through the example of electric vehicle as metaphor of the energetic transition. Through this understanding, second part deals with the modeling of the three items as a processual energetic system by using the concepts of surplus and expenditure. Within this frame, we show how disruptions in one of the poles of this model influences the others and bring about changes in the entire Anthropo-Social level. Third part proposes possible types of emerging subjectivities and advances the idea of extending the realm of consciousness to the energetic transfers and their potentiality.     

Asking about the future: methodological insights from energy biographies

Temporality is fundamental to qualitative longitudinal (QLL) research, inherent in the design of returning to participants over time, often to explore moments of change. Previous research has indicated that talking about the future can be difficult, yet there has been insufficient discussion of methodological developments to address these challenges. This paper presents insights from the Energy Biographies project, which has taken a QLL and multimodal approach to investigating how everyday energy use can be understood in relation to biographical pasts and imagined futures. In particular, we detail innovative techniques developed within the project (e.g. SMS photograph activities) to elicit data on anticipated futures, in ways that engender thinking about participants’ own biographical futures and wider societal changes. We conclude by considering some of the significant benefits and challenges such techniques present. These methodological insights have a wider relevance beyond the substantive topic for those interested in eliciting data about futures in qualitative research.     

上海生态文明建设的激励和约束机制研究

生态文明建设是一项系统工程,需要通过整体推进,构筑规划、建设、管理、技术、产业、社会和合作协同发展的综合体系。未来上海应以建立和完善市场机制为核心,以法律机制为前提,以政府监管机制为保障,以能力建设机制为基础,以社会参与机制为监督,按照"引逼结合、多方合力、突出重点、先行先试"的原则,加快上海生态文明建设机制创新。主要途径有:完善碳排放交易试点,建立长效市场机制;推进分布式能源应用,提高清洁能源比重;加快新能源汽车推广,优化交通能源结构;培育发展再制造产业,推广先进制造理念。