中学历史教师继续教育存在的问题及对策

中学教师继续教育工程已全面展开.在对中学历史教师继续教育的实践过程中,我们发现尚存在观念滞后、学员缺乏学习的动机、师资队伍不适应、经费紧张等问题.针对这些问题,应采取相应的对策更新观念、采取灵活的培训方法、加强师资队伍建设、完善评估体系、严格管理、增加投入等.     

Progress and cumulation in the human sciences after the fall

What do we mean by progress and cumulation in the social and human sciences? Recent thinking in the philosophy and history of science has led to an abandonment of some versions of logical positivism and of verificationism that had a strong deductive and theory testing orientation. What is to replace them is less clear. This paper argues that progress and cumulation can be seen as a process of evaluation and retention within an epistemic community. Scholarly disciplines differ in their social structure and in their epistemic and normative commitments. Since sociology is a fragmented discipline, progress and cumulation differ within its multiple subdisciplines, which to varying extents represent epistemic communities. Brief sketches of progress (advance) and cumulation in several subdisciplines are offered.     

唐代狩猎诗论

唐代狩猎诗数量虽不多,但作者涉及面广,无疑是辉煌灿烂的唐诗中一道独特亮丽的风景线。唐代狩猎诗创作的繁荣,与唐代朝野普遍尚猎的风尚及文人入幕、从军边塞活动密切相关。唐人狩猎诗内容丰富,形式多样,特点鲜明,于中还透露出崇猎尚武、积极进取的时代精神。     

过失犯罪发生中的注意欠缺问题心理剖析

过失犯罪的发生在于人在认知活动中对引起过失犯罪的危险的注意的欠缺。注意是一种伴随着认知过程中的具有“前置”性的心理状态。人认识任何事物,都要首先对该事物施加注意,没有对某事物的注意就不能对其认知。因此,各种心理因素影响认知首先就要影响注意。错觉、情绪和情感、不良意志品质和思维品质、遗忘等心理影响注意,改变注意的指向,对应当注意避免的危险没有注意,或者没有充分注意,或者不能注意时,就造成了注意的欠缺,从而构成过失犯罪。注意欠缺的类型可以划分为转移型的注意欠缺、分散型的注意欠缺、不能型注意欠缺、拒斥型的注意欠缺。     

Political theater and student organizations in the 1989 Chinese movement: A multivariate analysis of Tiananmen

Social movement research has often been divided between organizational and cultural analyses of collective action. Organizationally oriented theorists have viewed indigenous organizational structure as the critical variable in the emergence of collective action. Political culture and cultural frame theorists have focused instead on the cultural frames that resonate with audiences, mobilizing them to action. But social movements cannot be the result of one or the other of these factors. An analysis of the 1989 Chinese movement illuminates the multivariate aspects of this social movement. This movement was a two-tiered movement with an organized student leadership tier and a mass audience. Enmeshed in university organizations and student networks, the student leaders relied on an organizational structure that had been emerging since the mid-1980s. This organized leadership tier employed cultural symbols and acts to mobilize mass audiences that were beyond the scope of the students' organizational linkages. The political theater of the organized student leaders was complemented by institutional changes that had been occurring over the decade of reform in China and a political opportunity that allowed wide coverage of the students' activities.     

数字空间正义的理论内涵、缺失表象与弥合路径

数字空间是互联网集团代表的市场资本和掌握数字知识的技术精英共同塑造的新型社会空间,而数字空间正义就是对数字空间生产过程中出现的一系列空间异化现象的反思和批判,意指社会个体能平等公平地分配数字资源以及拥有充分数字权利。数字空间生产中,受市场资本和技术精英的共同支配和影响,数字空间日益沦为数字资本攫取剩余价值的空间,技术精英进行监视以及自我约束的规训空间,类型和功能均具明显单向度特征的同质空间,延续并再造新型社会不平等的区隔空间,进行免费劳动的剥削空间以及引导预售的消费空间。长此以往,数字社会日益沦为单向度社会,数字生活沦为单向度生活,人也日益丧失否定、批判和创新而成为单向度的人。为打造正义的数字空间,实现诗意的数字生活,须坚持数字空间生产的人本性和正义性取向,通过完善契合数字空间运行和发展的法律法规和伦理道德,规范数字资本时空运作以及生产复合型数字空间,再造专业型数字文化空间激发数字生活的集体记忆,秉承差异再造原则并保障主体数字权利,确保数字技术开发中价值理性和工具理性的平衡等路径予以实现。     

儿童运动看护家庭嵌入支持策略探索

学龄前儿童的身体健康与家庭教育一直是国家和社会的关切焦点,通过家庭嵌入的运动看护可以更好的促进学龄前儿童身心健康发展。本文运用文献资料法及系统科学思想,提出了相应的支持策略：重视家庭教育与看护培训,构建儿童运动看护发展动力源;提供心理支持与健康监督,保障儿童运动看护整体科学性;推进家校共育与信息共享,搭建儿童运动看护家校平台;完善社区参与与家庭融合,促进儿童运动看护持续协调发展。     

云南少数民族民居灵物的人类学研究

本文运用人类学理论方法,对在云南少数民族民居建筑中普遍存在、内容多元、形式丰富、极富功利色彩的民居灵物进行与之有结构性关联的少数民族宇宙观、宗教仪式禁忌和空间象征几个范畴的解读,以阐释民居灵物所蕴含的丰富的地方性知识和其背后的文化意义.并时与之相关的中国少数民族文化遗产保护的现状与策略提出个人观点.     

Decision Making in `Random in a Broad Sense' Environments

It is shown that the uncertainty connected with a `random in a broad sense' (not necessarily stochastic) event always has some `statistical regularity' (SR) in the form of a family of finite-additive probability distributions. The specific principle of guaranteed result in decision making is introduced. It is shown that observing this principle of guaranteed result leads to determine the one optimality criterion corresponding to a decision system with a given `statistical regularity'.     

论《左传》“天德合一”的天命观——《左传》预言的本质

本文认为,《左传》“多叙鬼神之事,预言祸福之期”现象的产生不是偶然的,而是尚未脱离神职的史官,或者说与宗教文化有千丝万缕联系的史官文化在探究天(神)人关系时的必然现象。《左传》既大讲鬼神对人的控制,又渲染道德决定人的归宿,本文通过对这一看似矛盾现象的系统分析认为,《左传》通过对鬼神预言结果的道德阐释,以高超的技巧将看似杂乱无章的神秘预言纳入到了一个“天德合一”的模式中,从而建构了一个天命控制人类历史,道德决定人的命运的完整的天命观体系;这种把天命神学纳入历史道德领域的努力,是《左传》作者为解释春秋战国之际的历史变迁而做的理论准备,这种试图以建构体系的方式阐释天人关系、历史规律的尝试也是值得肯定的。