基于ELES的我国居民家庭消费结构比较研究

以中国收入分配研究院组织开展的CHIP(中国家庭收入调查)在2014年进行的入户调查数据为样本,在ELES(扩展线性支出系统)模型的基础上,分别比较分析了城镇、农村和流动人口三类家庭对八大类商品和服务的基本消费支出、边际消费倾向和边际储蓄倾向,并针对实证研究结果进一步对优化流动人口家庭消费结构、改革最低工资标准等问题提出建议。     

论清洁餐饮必须集清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁消费于一体

本文从简要分析餐饮业基本特征、地位、作用出发，从分析餐饮业供需矛盾中餐饮供给对餐饮消费主体的身体健康和生命安全可能造成危害的主要环境因素入手．创新提出了要实现清洁餐饮必须集清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁消费于一体。论述了餐饮清洁生产、清洁服务的供给，是实现清洁餐饮消费，即食品安全的根本保障。并提出在清洁生产、清洁服务与清洁餐饮消费三位一体运营全过程中应实现餐饮业节能降耗减排。     

Saving regret and procrastination

In countries, where a substantial proportion of retirement income rests on savings, there is much concern that a sizeable fraction of the population reaches retirement with insufficient financial resources. We define saving regret as the wish in hindsight to have saved more earlier in life. We measured saving regret and possible determinants in a survey of U.S. households in which respondents were aged 60–79. We find high levels of saving regret, affirmed by some 58%. Saving regret exhibits significant and plausible correlations with personal characteristics and wealth: Married, older, healthier and wealthier respondents are less likely to report saving regret, suggesting the measure’s validity. We find only weak evidence for correlations between saving regret and measures of procrastination: persons with traits associated with procrastination express saving regret about as often as those without those traits.     

The role of mothers in economic socialization of saving behaviour in Polish adolescents / El rol de las madres en la socialización ecónomica del comportamiento de ahorro de los adolescentes polacos

Abstract

The present study investigated the role of mothers in the economic socialization of saving-related attitudes, motives and behaviours in Polish adolescents. Research to date has shown that economic education in the family and parental models (especially the mother) are particularly important for the development of adolescent saving behaviour. Youth saving was hypothesized to be enhanced by active economic education (direct teaching) in the family and certain attitudes of mothers towards money (attitude modelling). A questionnaire-based approach was used and responses from 154 mother-adolescent (aged 13–19 years) dyads were analysed. Correlation and regression analyses showed that modelling of attitudes is more important for the formation of pro-saving attitudes and behaviour than direct teaching of children to engage in economic activities.     

绍兴地区居住建筑节能整体设计探讨

绍兴地处夏热冬冷地区，通过探讨绍兴地区居住建筑节能整体设计遵循的原则，使规划设计为建筑节能提供有利的条件．     

Attitudes Towards Saving in Polish Society During Transformation

Since 1999 the complex reform of the old-age pension system was introduced in Poland and the process of changes is still ongoing. The multi-pillar system replaced the pay-as-you-go system. Voluntary third pillar will guarantee higher pensions for those that decide to save more. However, the systemic changes were placed in the new market economy just being implemented in Poland. New economic reality involves serial of processes influencing management of the current budget. On one hand the principles of market economy impose rigorous environment for management of the disposal income while on the other the dynamically developing market of goods, services and modern banking systems create pressure to spend. The evolution of pension system naturally poses questions concerning how the savings and saving behaviour are perceived in the Polish society during economic transformation. The results of survey conducted in the end of 2004 show that the precaution and life cycle motives of saving are observable in the Polish society but restrain seems to be marginal. In addition, attitudes towards saving are varied by some demographic and socio-economic features. These findings confirm statements referring to relation between the growth in material and social standards and acceptance of consumption style of life [i.e. Katona: 1975, Psychological Economics (Elsevier, New York); Lunt and Livingston: 1992, Mass Consumption and Personal Identity (Open University Press, Buckingham)]. Poles with higher social-economic position are rejecting self-restraint shifting towards consumerism. Nevertheless, common opinion of the respondents advocated savings is in contrary with declared avoiding restraint what is in line with other authors describing attitudes towards saving in conflict [Webley and Nyhus: 2001, Everyday representation of the Economy (WUV Universitätsverlag, Wien)].     

天然气应用与节能减排

文章着重介绍了天然气应用对我国节能减排的重要目标实现的影响作用,并进一步分析了当前天然气发电行业的现状和应用前景,并根据相应的统计数据和资料,给出了作者的分析结论。     

冬冷夏热地区住宅建筑室外空间节能设计

从建筑朝向、间距、建筑群组团布局等方面探讨了冬冷夏热地区住宅建筑节能问题。     

清末陈天华道德救国思想刍议

在中国资产阶级革命派中,陈天华欲求振作之方,行救国之实,比较“注重精神上的学问”。他揭露批判国民寡廉鲜耻、自私自利,官吏贪恋官位、畏死无为,留学生空谈救国、言行相悖,汉奸丧灭天良、助纣为虐等堕落人格。围绕道德救国,他系统阐述了在价值取向上以爱国为核心,在公私关系上强调公德私德、义务权利统一,在道德内涵上国民应具有独立自由平等、合群团结尚武之精神,在人格范型上崇尚近代国民人格等思想,并积极诉诸实践,最终以蹈海殉国方式使这一道德救国思想获得升华。     

Health Risk and Portfolio Choice

This article investigates the role of self-perceived risky health in explaining continued reductions in financial risk taking after retirement. If future adverse health shocks threaten to increase the marginal utility of consumption, either by absorbing wealth or by changing the utility function, then health risk should prompt individuals to lower their exposure to financial risk. I examine individual-level data from the Study of Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD), which reveal that risky health prompts safer investment. Elderly singles respond the most to health risk, consistent with a negative cross partial deriving from health shocks that impede home production. Spouses and planned bequests provide some degree of hedging. Risky health may explain 20%% of the age-related decline in financial risk taking after retirement.