Competing Values Framework: A useful tool to define the predominant culture in a maternity setting in Australia

Objective

To identify the predominant culture of an organisation which could then assess readiness for change.

Racial/Ethnic Patterns of Kindergarten School Enrollment in the United States

Enrollment into unequal schools at the start of formal education is an important mechanism for the reproduction of racial/ethnic educational inequalities. We examine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in school enrollment options at kindergarten, the start of schooling. We use nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study‐Birth Cohort (ECLS‐B) to model whether parents seek information about their child's school before enrolling, whether parents move to a location so that a child can attend a certain school, or whether parents enroll their child in a school other than the assigned public school. Results indicate that enrollment patterns differ greatly across race/ethnicity. Whereas Black families are the most likely to seek information on a school's performance, White families are the most likely to use the elite option of choosing their residential location to access a particular school. These differences persist when controlling for socioeconomic status and sociogeographic location. Kindergarten enrollment patterns preserve the advantages of White families, perpetuating racial/ethnic disparities through multiple institutions and contributing to intergenerational processes of social stratification. Research should continue to examine specific educational consequences of housing inequities and residential segregation.     

“Yes,I Can”: Testing an Intervention to Increase Middle School Students’ College and Career Self‐Efficacy

Middle school is the appropriate time for students to begin exploring careers and improving self‐efficacy; however, empirically supported career and college readiness interventions for U.S. middle school students are limited. Examining the effect of an intervention that combined a virtual experience and a local college visit on middle school students (99 girls, 74 boys), the authors found that participating students had higher levels of college and career self‐efficacy than did nonparticipating students. The study shows that a workshop of the online Florida CHOICES program coupled with a campus visit increased middle school student career and college self‐efficacy. Future research should include longitudinal studies and use of diverse populations to improve generalizability of study results.     

Rethinking the Individualized Education Plan process: voices from the other side of the table

Parent involvement in the process of creating an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) is authorized under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a federal law in the United States that ensures children with disabilities have the opportunity to receive a free appropriate public education alongside their peers without disabilities in the least restrictive environment. Yet much research has shown that parents often feel like outsiders during the process. To understand parent perspectives about how educators might help make the IEP process more collaborative and inclusive, this study collected qualitative data from 35 parents of students with disabilities who have worked to develop an IEP with a school team. Our findings provide insight into parent experiences and evidence that parents have many suggestions for how educators can improve the IEP process. In our discussion section, we provide educators with strategies to address parent suggestions.     

论汉晋之际道家思想的发展

汉晋之际是道家思想大发展的时期。大致上可分为四个阶段:东汉后期为第一阶段,是道家思想挣脱压抑,走向复兴的时期;第二阶段为曹魏正始年间,是《老子》学说大发展的时期;第三阶段为魏末西晋之时,是《庄子》学说大发展的时期;第四阶段是东晋时期,道家思想进一步走进宗教和社会生活,为道教的成熟提供理论基础,为佛教的中国化提供契合之点,在政治哲学、人生哲学、美学、庄园经济的发展等方面发挥着巨大的作用。     

孟学的演进及其时代特色

自战国时代以荀子对孟子思想的批判发其端,两汉时期名物训诂与思想辩驳并重,魏晋至隋唐偏重音义注释,宋、元、明则偏重义理阐发。清代孟学承前代之余绪,走出了一条与时俱进、返本赋新的发展道路,在偏重考据的基础上,义理阐释等方面亦异彩纷呈,硕果累累。随着孟学的发展,孟子的思想也在不断地被改造。一部孟学史,从学术思想的角度进行考察,就是一部《孟子》诠释史。孟学的发展与儒脉的兴衰是同步的,并且还促进了儒学的自我更新与完善。     

初中生学业自我概念与学业成就的相关研究

自我概念是心理学中一个非常重要的研究领域 ,具有浓厚的民族化和本土化色彩。而学业自我概念是青少年自我概念发展中的一个重要内容 ,对其学习、生活等有很大影响。本研究采用自编学业自我概念调查问卷对初中生学业自我概念与学业成就进行相关分析 ,考查学业自我概念的性别、年级特点以及不同学业成就组学生学业自我概念的特点。结果表明 :初中生学业自我概念与学业成就相关显著 ,不同学业成就组学生的学业自我概念差异显著 ;学业自我概念中的言语自我、一般自我性别差异显著 ;学业自我概念各方面年级差异显著     

增强高校学生业余党校教育的可持续性

高校学生业余党校应依据特殊的优势,贯彻党的“十七大”精神,提高大学生党员的政治素质和思想素质,发挥高校学生业余党校在学生思想政治教育方面的辐射作用。明了存在的问题和原因,有助于找到可持续发展的对策。     

中学生自我概念的发展特征调查研究

目的：研究中学生自我概念,对于提高中学生的自我概念水平、完善自我、促进中学生心理健康具有重要意义。方法：本研究采用田纳西自我概念问卷对950名中学生进行测试,探讨中学生自我概念的发展特征。结果：（1）中学生的自我概念总体来讲是积极的;（2）中学生的自我概念呈现出差异性的特点,表现为：中学女生较男生具有更积极的自我概念;城市学生比农村学生拥有更积极的自我概念;重点中学学生的自我概念总体水平显著高于非重点中学学生。（3）中学生的自我概念发展具有阶段性,呈现出不规则的U型趋势。（4）中学生自我概念发展受多种因素共同影响。研究结果也提示我们家庭、学校和社会相关部门应联合起来,促进对中学生形成积极的自我概念,尤其应重视对初二年级、农村中学生、非重点中学生加强心理健康辅导。     

对大学办学传统和特色的理性思考

办学传统是学校办学经验、思想、理念等社会因素的集大成,办学特色是学校的办学风格。办学传统与特色在现代大学中具有重要的地位和作用。