公共政策价值的政治学分析

公共政策是政府为解决公共问题,对政府目标、手段的选择及其相互转换的过程,即利益调整的政治和技术过程。价值是主客体关系中表现出来的客体之于主体的意义和效用。就公共政策的价值而言,赋予公共政策利益优先的价值取向,在利益优先的前提下,选择、分配利益、综合和落实利益,最终达到平衡利益,解决公众问题。以利益为基础的公共政策价值分析无疑揭示了公共政策的本质,也为公共政策价值判断建立了一个客观参照系,为政府行为的良性循环引领方向。     

食品科学与工程专业创新型科研团队的建设与管理

食品科学与工程专业创新型科研团队是我国食品工业科技创新的主力军,科研团队的建设是非常重要的环节。通过分析食品科学与工程专业创新型科研团队建设的现状及组建中存在的问题,提出了相应的建设与管理对策。     

比较文学视阈下的文学与自然科学交叉研究方法探析

近代以来,在科学技术对现代文明影响愈加深远的趋势之下,文学与自然科学的互渗与交锋变得更加显著,现从两者的差异性、互渗性、交锋情况进行比较研究.     

拓展、补益与国际化——外国文学对理工科人才成长的作用

外国文学不仅具有文学的普遍社会功能和易于被接受的特点,更有着"他种文化"的特征与异常丰富的精神和文化内涵,是认识域外文化的佳径之一.学习外国文学不仅可以拓展视域,补益思维模式,还有助于更好地把握人生,发展和运用科学技术,对于理工科人才的综合素质与能力的培养具有重要意义.     

Nonparametric control charts based on runs and Wilcoxon-type rank-sum statistics

In this article, we introduce three new distribution-free Shewhart-type control charts that exploit run and Wilcoxon-type rank-sum statistics to detect possible shifts of a monitored process. Exact formulae for the alarm rate, the run length distribution, and the average run length (ARL) are all derived. A key advantage of these charts is that, due to their nonparametric nature, the false alarm rate (FAR) and in-control run length distribution is the same for all continuous process distributions. Tables are provided for the implementation of the charts for some typical FAR values. Furthermore, a numerical study carried out reveals that the new charts are quite flexible and efficient in detecting shifts to Lehmann-type out-of-control situations.     

All for one or one for all? Authorship and the cross-sectoral valuation of credit in nutrition science

The passionate pursuit of authorships is fuelled by the value they represent to scholars and scientists. This article asks how this value differs across scientists and how these different processes of valuation inform authorship articulation, strategies, and publication behavior in general. Drawing from a qualitative analysis of authorship practices among nutrition scientists employed at universities, contract research organizations, and in food industry, I argue that two different modi operandi emerge when it comes to authorship. These different ways of working produce different collaborative approaches, different credit distribution strategies amongst collaborators, and different value placed upon (the pursuit of) authorship. These different valuation processes are neither explicit nor recognizable to those reading (and judging) author lists. As a consequence, in the politics of authorship, the names standing atop a scientific publication in nutrition science represent different types of value to both the individuals and employing organizations.     

科技文化视域下的“五大发展理念”研究——第十三届全国科技文化与社会现代化学术研讨会综述

由中国自然辩证法研究会科技文化专业委员会主办,九江学院马克思主义学院和武汉理工大学政治与行政学院共同承办的“第十三届全国科技文化与社会现代化学术研讨会”于2016年8月23日至24日在江西省九江学院隆重召开,来自全国18个省市的90余位专家、学者出席了会议.     

Sociolinguistic interaction and identity construction: The view from game‐theoretic pragmatics

Understanding the dynamics that characterize interaction between conversational participants is a fundamental goal of most theories of socially conditioned language use and identity construction through language. In this paper, I outline a class of formal tools that, I suggest, can be helpful in making progress towards this goal. More precisely, this paper explores how Bayesian signalling game models can be used to formalize key aspects of current sociolinguistic theories, and, in doing so, contribute to our knowledge of how speakers use their linguistic resources to communicate information and carve out their place in the social world. The Bayesian framework has become increasingly popular for the analysis of pragmatic phenomena of many different types, and, more generally, these models have become a dominant paradigm for the explanation of non‐linguistic cognitive processes. As such, I argue that this approach has the potential to yield a formalized theory of personal and social identity construction and to situate the study of sociolinguistic interaction within a broader theory of rationalistic cognition.     

Family court ordered “reunification therapy:” junk science in the guise of helping parent/child relationships?

This Commentary addresses the issue of the ethics of mental health professionals recommending or doing what family courts and some others are calling “Reunification Therapy.” This is often being recommended and used across the country, and ordered by family courts, as if it has a scientific basis for successful therapy between an estranged parent and a child who does not wish to re-engage with that parent, often where the child has alleged the parent has abused them physically, sexually, or psychologically. This Commentary challenges the ethics and validity of such approaches and programs.     

Demands and Devotion: Cultural Meanings of Work and Overload Among Women Researchers and Professionals in Science and Technology Industries

How do cultural meanings influence how people experience work‐life demands? Much research, especially quantitative research, on the effects of structural work and family conditions does not account for employees’ cultural beliefs about the meaning of work in their lives. This article uses unique survey data to investigate the effects of employee embrace of elements of the “work devotion schema”—a cultural model that valorizes intense career commitment and organizational dedication—on their sense of “overload,” an experience that includes feeling exhausted and overloaded by all one's roles, net of actual hours on the paid job and family responsibilities. We argue that by cognitively, morally, and emotionally framing work as a valued end, the work devotion schema reduces feelings of overload. Using a case of senior women researchers and professional service providers in science and technology industries, we find that those who embrace work devotion feel less overloaded than those who reject it, net of work and family conditions. However, this effect is curtailed for mothers of young and school‐aged children. We end by discussing implications for flexibility stigma and gender inequality.