Analyzing mental health evaluation: moral and ethical dimensions

Now that evaluators have been sensitized to the importance of moral and ethical issues in their work, it is time to move beyond generalities and examine the moral and ethical implications of specific evaluation models in specific settings. This paper proposes a framework that can be used to examine moral and ethical dimensions of evaluation and illustrates it by analyzing a selected model of mental health evaluation. Such a systematic identification of moral issues can improve evaluation practice both proactively, by shaping the training of evaluators, and retrospectively, by contributing to meta-evaluation.     

新中国成立初期干部理论教育制度化建设及经验探析

中国共产党重视干部理论教育,也注重干部理论教育的制度化建设。1949—1956年中国共产党既继承过去干部理论教育制度化建设的做法,又根据新形势、新情况进一步加强干部理论教育建设,完善干部理论教育制度。不断规范干部理论教育的组织体系、教育内容、教育方式、师资培养和考核等,使干部理论教育制度建设不断科学化、规范化,干部的素质和能力得到了较大的提高,为新生政权的巩固和发展起到了重要的作用。这一时期的干部理论教育制度化建设也形成了诸多基本经验,对新时代干部理论教育制度化建设有重要的启示作用。     

基于用户技术接受模型的政府数据开放平台研究 ——以深圳政府数据开放平台为例

从用户使用视角出发,基于用户技术接受模型,以深圳市政府数据开放平台为例,设计14个观察指标,研究政府开放数据的有用性和易用性。深圳市政府数据开放平台具有开放有序、回应及时和激励正向三大特色,同时存在创设数据场景不丰富、获取数据资源途径单一、利用成果数量少及质量不高、平台用户评价不积极及参与度低等不足。据此,提出以用户需求为导向、提升用户数字素养、构建政府部门的激励约束机制和跨部门跨层级的协同机制等政策建议。     

涉海专门用途英语与混合式教学的融合途径及效果研究——以“海洋科技英语”之“水产养殖”单元为例

以涉海ESP课程特点及痛点为切入点,以“海洋科技英语”课程之“水产养殖”单元为例,展示了涉海ESP与混合式教学的融合途径——“线上涉海文化知识输入－线下涉海模拟任务产出－线上涉海个性化成果展示”。通过混合研究方法分析融合效果发现,该融合途径能在一定程度上提升学生的学习效率、交际能力和个性化学习能力。但是,在学习资源的新颖性、学生多媒体制作能力方面,仍有提升空间。通过教师反思提出构建多样化创意数字资源库以丰富线上涉海学习资源,提升学生的学习积极性和学习效率,增强学生多媒体制作能力,以促进个性化涉海成果的完成,提升学生的个性化学习能力。     

基于CNKI的国内医学用途英语教学研究进展分析（2011—2020）

对近十年来国内医学用途英语教学研究进展进行了整体回顾和概要总结。利用中国知网CNKI文献分析工具,对2011至2020年发表的医学用途英语学术论文进行检索统计,从发文量、文献来源、作者及机构分布、研究主题、研究视角等维度进行进展分析。研究发现,知网共发表相关主题论文342篇,其中核心期刊论文26篇,主要从医学用途英语所面临的挑战、需求分析、教学模式、教学改革、教材编写以及医学用途英语教师转型发展等视角展开讨论。研究认为未来的医学用途英语教学研究需要走“外语+医学”跨学科特色发展路径,以培养更多面向新时代的复合型医学人才。     

顾客第一论

“顾客第一”有其特定的内涵,它充分体现社会主义企业的根本目的,因而是企业所有经营观念中的一个根本性观念,也是企业生产经营的一个根本指导思想。企业要实现其双重目的,促进物质文明和精神文明建设的发展,并树立各种现代经营观念,就必须坚持顾客第一。     

Physician perceptions of medical malpractice and defensive medicine

Using judgments obtained in interviews with 33 Massachusetts physicians, the annual statewide volume of expenditures incurred for defensive medical reasons in 1982 was estimated to be $1.0 billion, 12% of all medical care expenditures. Estimates for the nation were $37 billion, 14% of expenditures. Nationally, 180,000 cesarean deliveries were thought to be performed for defensive motives. In their own institutions, respondents judged 43% of all skull x-rays following injury to be medically justified, 30% to be defensive medicine, 16% to be placebos, and 11% to be physician misjudgments. In considering the economic and noneconomic costs of medical malpractice procedures, the dollar costs of insurance were considered most serious, followed closely by defensive medicine, unfairness, and poorer relations with patients. Thirty-two percent of the responsibility for the negative aspects of malpractice processes was assigned to lawyers, 21% to physicians, 18% to legislatures and courts, 16% to patients, and 13% to insurance companies.     

Intergenerational and career mobility in Britain: An integrated analysis

Mobility analysis has traditionally concentrated on the task of charting flows in the two-way contingency table which relates occupational origin to occupational destination. It has not yet undertaken a unified analysis of intergenerational and intragenerational aspects of mobility. And only rarely does it incorporate terms which represent ordered concepts such as inequality or vertical movement. In contrast, path analysis has typically imposed strong orderings on the data, and it has been employed to tease out the relations among several occupational variables. Its main defect is that it entirely abstracts from shifts in mean occupational position, and also from change in the shape of the occupational distribution. Yet both of these are important sources of mobility. The present paper shows how two innovations in mobility analysis may be generalized to constitute a technique which unites the strengths of path analysis with those of log-linear analysis. The two innovations are (a) the conceptual disaggregation of perfect and exchange mobility, and (b) the imposition of an ordered component within each (K. Hope, 1981, Sociology 15, 19–55). The outcome of this generalization is a simple yet powerful account of mobility in Britain.     

The impact of P.L. 93-641, the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act, upon health and mental health programming

Federal legislation regarding health care in the U.S. has increased rapidly in the past few years. A major law with potential far-reaching effects was enacted as a result of increasing legislation and rising health care costs. This law,The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act,has created a network of over 200 local, mostly nongovernment units, called health systems agencies. These agencies are responsible for areawide health planning, plan implementation, review and approval of federal health care expenditures for local programs, and facilities review. They will affect health and mental health programs at the local level. The article is directed to local health and mental health care providers who will, of necessity, deal directly with the local HSA's.     

Mental health program evaluation: Where you start?

Seduced by the elegance, sophistication and jargon characteristic of new developments in applied research, practicing evaluators are in danger of becoming distracted from achievement of their evaluative goal: that of providing timely, reliable and useful data to program management to facilitate rational data-based decision-making. To avoid such seduction, the author advocates adaptation of simple, inexpensive and efficient evaluative methods tailored to organizational needs and presentation of findings in language readily understood by constituent groups. Likewise, insistance by evaluators upon maintenance of a strict role boundary — that is, limiting role functioning exclusively to those tasks considered evaluation — may be dysfunctional. Rather than detract from accomplishment of his goals, the author maintains that such participation allows development of skills, insights and staff relationships which enhance the evaluator's effective functioning within the organizational context and contribute to organizational acceptance and use of his evaluative results.