民事责任原则重构——辛卜偿性责任价值质疑

个体目标与群体目标的矛盾是管理过程中的一项基本矛盾.个体与群体之间的相互依存和相互作用表明了在尊重个体需要的同时,可以实现个群目标的一致性,而这只有通过提倡以人为本的管理思想,实行和谐管理才能实现.     

实施差异化策略 增强旅游企业竞争力

随着旅游市场的不断成熟和发展,塑造或保持企业的竞争优势,成为旅游企业追求的主要目标,差异化策略是获得这种竞争优势的重要途径.文章在分析旅游产品特点的基础上,阐述了旅游企业采取差异化策略对增强企业竞争力的意义、差异化的内涵、实施差异化策略的优势,旅游企业如何实施差异化策略,以及在实施过程中应注意的问题.     

政府职能转变与行政效率的提高

文章从一种模糊认识切入 ,集中论述了政府如何提高行政效率问题。文章论述了职能转变与提高行政效率的关系 ,强调了依据职能制订测评行政效率标准的重要性 ,并从科学界定政府的职能、加大政府机构改革的力度、建设高素质公务员队伍等方面论述了提高地方政府行政效率的主要措施 ,其中对政府职能转变、政府经济职能的具体内容的概述颇有新意。     

Risk Perception in an Interest Group Context: An Examination of the TMI Restart Issue1

Human response to environmental hazards and risks has been the subject of considerable research by social scientists. Work has traditionally focused on either individual response to the risks of an ongoing or future threat (hazards research), or group and organizational response to a specific disaster event (disaster research). As part of a larger investigation of the restart of the Unit 1 reactor at Three Mile Island (TMI), we examined the response of interest groups active in the restart issue to the continued threat of TMI and to future risks due to restart. After reviewing the restart issue in general, the paper examines the local dimensions of the restart issue from interest group perspectives. A method for defining appropriate issues at the community level is reviewed. We then discuss differences in the perceived local impacts of alternative decisions, and systems of beliefs associated with differing perceptions. Finally, we discuss the implications of interest group versus individual perceptions of local issues for decision making about TMI, in particular, and about technological hazards management, in general. Associated implications for determining socially acceptable risk levels are identified. Our research led us to three major conclusions: (1) in contrast to other types of hazards, interest groups are a critical unit of analysis for understanding how beliefs and behaviors form in response to the presence of technological hazards; (2) the divergence of positions between groups, even though they may have shared the same physical experience, is understandable if not always predictable, (3) the resolution of policy debates where risks are a major focus of the arguments should recognize the legitimacy of these divergent positions by allowing participation of the various interest groups in the decision process. Such participation helps ensure that the decision strategy is responsive to local concerns, thereby increasing the likelihood of acceptance of the ultimate decision and thus producing a publicly acceptable level of risk.     

Participatory analysis of accidents and incidents as a tool for increasing safety behaviour in fishermen. A pilot intervention study

Although occupational accidents are common in fishery, safety work is often not given priority by the fishermen. The aims of this study were to test a group-based intervention for increased activity in safety work through group discussion of accident/incident experience; to study occurred incidents/accidents and how such events were managed; and to study intervention effects on activity in safety work, risk acceptance and perceived manageability of risks. A sample of men from five crews (11 men) of Swedish fishermen participated. The study had a one group pre-test-post-test design for questionnaire data. The emphasis was on qualitative information collected during the intervention and interviews. The results indicated that accident causes could be appraised as being unmanageable even when technical solutions were possible. Psychological factors may cause incidents not to be documented or discussed. Incident experience seldom leads to preventive measures. Interaction between structural, social and psychological factors seemed to explain this. Questionnaires, observations and interview data suggested that some increase in safety work took place during the intervention. After the discussions the participants perceived risks to be less manageable. The study indicated that, although sensitive to dropout, participative safety interventions in fishery are feasible and may be effective. A longer or more intensive intervention may be necessary in order to progress from problem orientation to action orientation.     

高校社会工作与大学生弱势群体关怀

当前,中国的高等教育历经着从"精英教育"向"大众教育"的转变,高校学生特别是大学生弱势群体的生存状况引起了全社会的极大关注.而现有资助体系对解决大学生弱势群体问题存在着严重不足,故迫切需要在高校中引入社会工作机制来化解大学生弱势群体问题.     

地域集团、萧沈对抗与刘宋政制

刘宋末造,秉执相异政见的荆州武装与萧氏阵营,固然崛起于门音主尸位、寇攘相仍的板荡局势,宀是源自宋室极不健全的政制建构。以萧沈对抗为表象、事关刘宋生死存亡的军政较量及其结局,深刻地影响甚而规整了宋齐之际的历史走向。     

大字报中的传播变异及权力关系

大字报是一个特定历史时期的社会现象。大字报作为一种特定的传播模式,在历史探源的基础上,因其自身的传播特点、社会功能和外界因素而导致传播变异。权力介入传播领域而出现的两者交汇繁衍,导致权力和传播的双重失控;群体参与的无序状态与狂热状态波澜互推,民主的舆论转换成集权的暴力     

浅谈项目风险管理

项目是在复杂的自然和社会环境中进行的,受众多因素的影响。项目同其他的经济活动一样带有风 险。项目主体就必须了解和掌握项目风险的来源,性质和发生规律,进而实行有效的管理。     

商家与团购平台合作模式下团购生鲜电商的基本定价模型

对生鲜电商的研究是近年电子商务领域的一大热点。针对团购生鲜电商模式展开研究,在分析团购生鲜产品价格影响因素的基础上,建立生鲜零售商与团购平台合作模式下的基本定价模型,并求出生鲜零售商及代理商的最优定价策略,得出对定价产生影响的各因素之间的关系。