“服装CAD”课程引入与渗入式应用教学体系的构建

本文论述了服装CAD与服装结构设计中相关课程的构成关系,提出了＂服装CAD＂课程引入与渗入式的应用教学体系和教学模式,旨在为优化课程群体系和教学模式。     

A Multiplicative Alo-group Based Hierarchical Decision Model and Application

Pairwise comparison matrix (PCM) is a popular technique used in multi-criteria decision making. The abelian linearly ordered group (alo-group) is a powerful tool for the discussion of PCMs. In this article, a criterion for acceptable consistency of PCM is introduced, which is independent of the scale and can be intuitively interpreted. The relation of the introduced criterion with the weak consistency is investigated. Then, a multiplicative alo-group based hierarchical decision model is proposed. The following approaches are included: (1) the introduced criterion for acceptable consistency is used to check whether or not a PCM is acceptable; (2) the row’s geometric mean method is used for deriving the local priorities of a multiplicative PCM; (3) a Hierarchy Composition Rule derived from the weighted mean is used for computing the criterion/subcriterion’s weights with regard to the total goal; and (4) the weighted geometric mean is used as the aggregation rule, where the alternative’s local priorities are min-normalized. The proposed model has the property of preserving rank. Moreover, it has counterparts in the additive case. Finally, the model is applied to a layout planning problem of an aircraft maintenance base with a computer-based software.     

性别、组织和政党——对建党初期女党员群体的历史考察

建党初期的女党员们在革命实践中争取机会和发展空间,将五四运动中获得的性别平等理念付诸实践,致力于自身解放以及争取全部的妇女解放,成为实际推动中国共产党所领导的妇女运动不断发展的主体.即使面对社会不平等的性别制度,以及党组织内部存在一定的性别分工,她们仍然努力挑战传统的性别规范,彰显了其主体性和能动性.     

一种主客方交互式群体评价方法及其应用

传统的群体评价方法均不考虑被评价对象的参与,针对此缺陷提出了一种新的群体评价方法——主客方交互式群体评价方法。首先对主客方交互式评价的过程进行描述;然后给出交互过程中基于优先排序概率的单轮评价结果呈现方式;其次,给出群体评价的稳定性、满意性指标,以此探讨交互终止的条件;最后,定义了2个主客方交互加权算子,以此对各轮交互结果进行集结,得出最终的群体评价结论。     

Preschoolers prefer in‐group to out‐group members,but equally condemn their immoral acts

Previous research has shown that young children robustly display in‐group favoritism; that is, they favor in‐group over out‐group members. Moreover, preschoolers also consider information on morality in their evaluations of others. In the present study, we integrated both aspects: In particular, fifty‐six 4‐ to 6‐year‐old preschoolers were assigned to minimal groups and observed either prosocial or antisocial acts conducted by either an in‐group or an out‐group member. After observing these behaviors, children's liking and sharing were significantly higher for moral compared to immoral actors. In addition, children's liking and sharing were substantially higher for in‐group compared to out‐group actors. However, when children were directly asked to morally evaluate the actor's conduct, no in‐group favoritism emerged: In particular, children evaluated immoral acts conducted by an in‐group or an out‐group agent as equally bad/wrong and similarly claimed that these acts deserve punishment. These findings demonstrate that preschoolers differentially weigh information on group membership and moral valence depending on the type of evaluation, namely sharing and liking versus explicit moral evaluations of others’ conduct.     

Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse within the Family System: Guidelines for an Educational Social Group Work Program

Children have the right to be brought up in safe environments. However, this right is often infringed by people who are supposed to provide love, care, and protection to children. These people can include biological fathers, step-fathers, brothers, cousins, aunts, mothers, and uncles. Violation of children takes place in a variety of ways, however, for the purpose of this paper, the focus is on child sexual abuse within the family system. A literature review is adopted as the methodology for the discussions in this paper. The purpose of this paper is firstly to demonstrate that child sexual abuse happens within the family system in South Africa, and secondly, to argue that the prevention of child sexual abuse should start within the family system and this can be achieved by conducting educational social group work sessions on child sexual abuse with the family members.     

Socio-educational work in at-risk contexts and professional reflexivity: the multi-vision group of “Maestri di Strada”

ABSTRACT

The Association ‘Maestri di Strada’ (MdS) undertakes socio-educational interventions to promote the well-being of young people in the ‘high-risk’ suburbs of Naples. The socio-educational work is not a mere ‘technical-rational’ activity and it relies on the use of ‘self’, which is not an unlimited resource. MdS places great emphasis upon reflexivity after the action and adopts the ‘Multi-Vision Group’ (MVG), which is a modified Balint group, as a support mechanism for its staff. Before trainees begin working, they attend the MVGs, observe them, and provide narrative accounts of the process. In this study, 61 reports prepared by the trainees during an academic year underwent a textual analysis. The aim was to evaluate the reflexive function of the group and the results indicate that, within the MVG, the practitioners express emotions, doubts, and difficulties linked to the job and its high-risk contexts. They show both self-awareness and awareness of the importance of the team, thinking as a community in a cooperative way. These are features related to reflexivity, which is recognised as being crucial for practice; the process of observation and recording also has a high educational importance for the trainees and social work students.     

略论长征途中红军最高领导者的变易

毛泽东在红军中的统帅地位是在长征过程中逐步确立的，期间经历了长达一年的曲折演变，具体可以分为四个阶段。文章提出的一些看法，意在纠正在这个重大问题上各种似是而非的说法。     

多维视野中的“歌”与“歌会”及其文化阐释——剑川石龙白族调与石宝山歌会的调查研究

作为被表述的歌与歌会,石龙白族调和石宝山歌会是在多重表达中得以呈现的,他者由此获得有关歌与歌会的多维认知。同时,他者在田野调查实践经验的基础之上通过对多重表述的分析,作出对某一文化事象更深的阐释。通过作用于传统文化的各种因素,人们用文化来重构文化,作为一个处在现代社会转型中的传统民族民间歌谣个案,白族调和石宝山歌会向我们展示出一幅被重新组合、建构和传播的图景。     

Integrated Program Development: A Model for Meeting the Complex Needs of Homeless Persons

Homelessness is caused both by structural and personal factors. Thus, comprehensive services are required to meet the complex needs of homeless persons. This article reviews case management and group work practice with homeless persons and argues that effective social work practice must incorporate both intervention methods. Integrated Program Development (IPD), a program framework for shelter services, is presented. A pilot project at the Salvation Army Family Haven in St. Louis, Missouri illustrates the costs and benefits of empowerment-oriented group work with homeless persons. Three approaches for establishing group work for homeless people are suggested. Each approach requires that group workers, with community organizing skills, be employed by social service administrators.