竞争行为及其特征对企业绩效的影响研究——以互联网信息服务业为例

以互联网信息服务业为样本企业,从竞争互动理论视角出发,探讨企业竞争行为对企业绩效的影响,并将竞争行为特征作为调节变量引入分析模型。通过搜集中国市值排名前十的互联网企业2013-2017年的竞争互动与企业绩效数据,实证分析得出：(1)互联网信息服务企业市场行为总体上对企业绩效产生正向显著影响,7种行为中只有附随扩散、合作联盟与宣传行为表现出正向显著影响;(2)非市场行为总体上未对企业绩效产生显著影响,3种行为中只有参与行为对企业绩效产生显著正向影响;(3)竞争行为的创新性与复杂性对市场行为与企业绩效的关系具有正向调节作用,创新性对非市场行为与企业绩效的关系具有正向调节作用。     

Minimum wage violation in central and eastern Europe

This article analyses minimum wage violations over the period 2003–12 in ten central and eastern European countries which all have national statutory minimum wages. Using European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU‐SILC) data and the methodology proposed by Bhorat, Kanbur and Mayet (2013), the authors measure the incidence and depth of violation. In addition, they conduct regression analyses on individual, workplace and macro‐level determinants of non‐compliance. While the incidence of violation remains relatively low, the workers that minimum wage policies seek to protect appear to be the most likely to be affected by non‐compliance. Over time, higher minimum to average wage ratios are related to a higher incidence of violation.     

A longitudinal qualitative evaluation of an economic and social empowerment intervention to reduce girls’ vulnerability to HIV in rural Mozambique

PurposeAn intervention including business training and health education was implemented in Mozambique, where girls are at elevated risk for acquiring HIV. As part of a mixed-methods evaluation, we describe perceived effects of the intervention on girls’ sexual behavior and school attendance.MethodsWe conducted 49 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with girl intervention participants (ages 13–19), 24 IDIs with heads of girls’ households, 36 IDIs with influential males identified by girls, and 12 focus group discussions with community members after the intervention ended and one year later.ResultsInformants said the primary intervention benefit was realized when girls had money to stay in or return to school and/or to buy necessities for themselves and their households—reducing their need for transactional or intergenerational sex. However, some girls did not make a profit and some businesses were not sustainable. Sometimes the intervention appeared to be implemented in a way to reinforce inequitable gender norms resulting in some girls feeling shame when they reengaged in risky sex after their businesses failed.ConclusionsEarning money enabled girls to potentially reduce their vulnerability to HIV. We offer recommendations for future multi-sector interventions, including the need to address potential harms in programs serving vulnerable girls.     

基于无标度网络的绿色出行选择行为研究

随着我国城市化进程的加快,机动车污染已成为我国城市空气污染的一个主要来源,提倡绿色出行的理念有助于缓解机动车尾气带来的空气污染,那么对于有限理性个体在复杂社交网络中的绿色出行行为意愿的研究以及群体行为的演化则成为了本文的研究焦点。本文基于计划行为理论等建立了基于个体行为态度、感知行为控制、主观规范及行为结果感知等影响因素的个体绿色出行行为意愿模型,运用观点传播动力学及无标度网络构建了个体选择行为交互网络模型。实证及仿真分析表明,个体行为态度因素在居民的绿色出行行为意愿中取值很高,作用显著,行为感知因素则影响较为有限,提高行为结果感知因素与主观规范因素的取值是提高居民绿色出行行为意愿的主要途径;在择优连接原则与网络增长假设条件下,整个网络向着几个中心节点聚集的趋势越来越明显,即网络节点中心化的程度越来越显著;在社会网络中,提高行为主体的信息交互阈值取值、增加行为主体绿色出行交通费用的折扣系数、提升民众采取绿色出行方式时的精神满足感、塑造宣传绿色出行的意见领袖将有利于提高居民的绿色出行行为意愿。     

员工动机对双元销售行为的影响研究:传统性的调节作用

营销人员经常面临现有产品销售和新产品销售之间的悖论,需要采用不同的方式来应对两种销售行为之间的冲突。本研究根据内外动机理论,探究不同动机影响下的销售行为,同时揭示国人的传统性对动机与产品销售两者关系的调节作用。本研究开发了中国情境下的双元销售行为量表,具有良好的信度（0.896）。实证结果表明：（1）内在动机与现有产品和新产品的双元销售行为之间呈现显著的正相关关系,外在动机与现有产品和新产品的双元销售行为呈不显著的正向关系。（2）中国传统性对营销人员的产品销售行为的直接影响作用非常显著,但传统性与内外动机的调节作用表现出多样性。（3）传统性与内在动机的交乘项对双元销售行为起不显著的负向调节作用。（4）传统性与外在动机的交乘项对现有产品销售起不显著的正向影响,对新产品销售起不显著的负向影响。     

Whatever it takes: Leaders' perceptions of abusive supervision instrumentality

In this paper we examine how leaders' perceptions of the instrumental benefits of abusive supervision shape their tendencies to abuse their employees. We posit that leaders who believe abuse has a positive impact on employee performance will engage in more abusive supervision than their peers, with downstream implications for employees' counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, we position leader empathic concern as a boundary condition, whereby empathic concern mitigates the effects of leaders' perceptions of abusive supervision's instrumentality. Data from two studies employing both experimental and field survey designs offer convergent support for our hypotheses. Overall, our findings challenge the prevailing view that abusive supervision is primarily motivated by a desire to aggress, instead demonstrating that leaders sometimes abuse their employees in the pursuit of more pro-organizational goals.     

网络人际传播及其对网民知行特征的影响

网络平台包含着大众传播、群体传播、组织传播、人际传播等多种传播形式。网络交流沟通类应用形式的出现集中代表了“面对面”人际传播方式在网络世界中的移植和复制。网络人际传播应用是互联网介入真实生活的重要渠道．这种方式正深刻改变着现实中人的思维特征和行为模式,集中呈现出“思维碎片化”、“信息自我暴露”、“时间自由选择”、“关注议题公共性”等一系列新变化。     

义乌模式的政府行为、企业理性与个体偏好

“义乌模式”一直受人们关注。阐释“义乌模式”的内涵与义乌小商品市场的本质特征、分析义乌市场发展过程中政府作用,并就义乌中国小商品城的独特发展路径与竞争优势进行多面解读的结果表明,科学发展规划要尊重市场规律和本地比较优势,体制创新源于发展中面临的障碍,持久的竞争优势有赖于连贯的发展政策和稳定的经营环境,松紧适度的政企关系是保证市场稳定而高效的关键。     

对中国修辞学发展问题的几点思考

多学科交融已成国际修辞学,包括中国修辞学在内的重要发展趋势.如何在多学科交融之中发展中国的修辞学值得思考的问题有很多,其中修辞学研究的基点问题和拓宽与拓深问题尤其重要.就修辞学研究的基点而言,应以语言、语言运用为立足点,以表达为立足点.就修辞学研究的拓宽与拓深而言,应着力研究修辞行为和修辞效果.     

社会改革的实践范例及其方式选择

社会改革是社会变革的重要形式与途径,其作为一种社会实践在人类历史上呈现出一种常态性的存在;作为一种社会运动,是具有目标性、选择性的政治行为;作为一种模式与战略,具有建构主义的设计与选择特性;作为一种社会存在,与社会的思想观念具有内在的辩证关系。