“给力”的隐喻性语义泛化及其语境意义构建

"给力"通过语义隐喻、语义抽象和语义含混三个阶段,形成最终的泛化含义。     

Vowel harmony redux: Correct sounds,English loan words,and the sociocultural life of a phonological structure in Korean1

This paper examines an ideology of standard pronunciation and spelling of English loan words in South Korea through the lens of Korean vowel harmony. I focus specifically on the alternation between an older Japanese‐style ‘a’[a] and a newer Korean‐style ‘?’[?] for the mapping of mid‐vowels from English to Korean. The opposition between ‘a’ and ‘?’ also figures into the dichotomy of vowel classes between ‘yang’ or ‘light’ vowels and ‘yin’ or ‘dark’ vowels in Korean vowel harmony. This opposition is pervasive in Korean's rich stock of denotationally iconic words (e.g. onomatopoeia), where ablaut between vowel classes produces semantic and pragmatic contrasts. I suggest that this latter structure of phonological opposition has an influence on speakers’ perceptions of vowel difference and associated values in English loan words, despite an overarching ideology of standard pronunciation that is based on assumptions about phonetic fidelity. ? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ? ??? ? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????. ??, ?? ???? ‘?’[a]? ‘?’[?]? ??(mapping)?? ?? ??? ??. ??? ?? ????? ‘?’? ?? ?? ??? ? ?????? ???? ???? ??(正音)?? ?????? ??. ?? ‘?’? ????? ???, ??? ???? ??? ????? ?(音)?? ???? ??. ???, ‘?’/‘?’? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??; ?, ??? ????? ????? ??? ??. ??, ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ??. ????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???. [Korean]     

协同副词“一齐”、“一同”的虚化历程

协同副词"一齐"、"一同"是现代汉语中两个同义副词,它们同"一起"、"一块(儿)"的使用也有交叉,但在共时平面上,它们的差异与竞争一直没有得到更好的解释。从历时平面的分析来看,"一齐"、"一同"是动词短语虚化而来的。"一齐"在唐宋时期具备了协同副词的成熟用法。动词短语"一同"的词汇化在南宋到元明时期得以完成。在历史的发展中,"一齐"、"一同"与"一起"、"一块(儿)"的使用出现了各自不同的语义倾向特征和此消彼长的竞争变化。     

The Aging Semantic Differential in Mandarin Chinese: Measuring Attitudes toward Older Adults in China

ABSTRACT

The Aging Semantic Differential (ASD) is the most widely used instrument to measure young people’s attitudes towards older adults. This study translated the ASD to Mandarin and examined its psychometric properties. The Mandarin-ASD contains three latent factors (Personality and Mental Health, Societal Participation, and Physical) that have high internal reliability and reasonable discriminate validity. Social work researchers, practitioners and allied professionals may utilize the ASD-Mandarin instrument to measure young people’s attitudes towards older adults in China. We issue a call for a universal-ASD that can be applied across different cultural contexts.     

Do Mission Statements Matter for Nonprofit Performance?

In this exploratory study, we examine whether organizational mission statement attributes make a difference to the performance of nonprofit performing arts organizations. We use text analysis to measure two semantic attributes—activity and commonality—of mission statements. We examine whether these attributes are associated with improved performance for the instrumental and expressive functions of nonprofit performing arts organizations. Our findings indicate that the mission statement attribute activity is associated with improved performance for both instrumental and expressive functions. Our analysis of nonfindings for the mission statement attribute commonality suggests that there is a need to develop and use content analysis tools tailored to nonprofit contexts.     

雷州话与厦门话中外来词的异同及其根源

从文献资料及现状调查两方面入手,分析了同为闽南方言的雷州话和厦门话在吸收外来词数量和范围上有很大差异的情况,这与两个地方的历史地理、对外语的态度以及社会政治体制等有关。     

汉语动词“遮”掩饰义的产生及其词义系统的演变

魏晋时动词“遮”由对物体位移的阻拦扩大为空间上对光线等的遮蔽,遮蔽义继而在唐代又引申出对事件进行隐瞒的掩饰义。语境的转换凸显了“遮”不同的概念要素,从而诱发新义。“遮”的遮蔽义宋元时已取代拦截义而在该词的词义系统中占主导地位,这与“遮”在“拦截”概念场中的败落时代上基本相当,反映了词汇的词义系统对概念场成员演变的影响。比较汉语和其它语言“拦截”概念的语义地图,可以假设“某词同时有拦截义、掩饰义蕴含该词有遮蔽义”。今人有将作掩饰义讲的“遮”释为“用贿赂去请托”的,忽视了“遮”本身的语义特征。     

试论国家助学贷款良性运行机制建立之对策

国家助学贷款是利用金融手段完善我国普通高校资助政策体系,加大对经济困难学生资助力度所采取的一项重大措施。运行中存在问题是当前市场经济法制不健全、社会信用部分失范的必然结果。要形成大学生助学贷款良性运行机制,必须建立国家、银行、高校、学生与社会"五位一体"的联合保障机制。最重要的是应尽快建立全国性的以居民身份证号码为依托的"全国大学生信用网",并以此作为建立全国性的信用机制的开端。要在全社会形成一种讲诚信光荣、不讲诚信可耻的持久氛围,让信用缺失者无论在何处都要为自己的行为付出代价。此外还应大力发展学生生源所在地贷款业务。     

基于联贷联保的供应链融资模式与策略研究

供应链融资模式实现了中小企业与银行的双赢。针对供应链上游的中小供应商在面临资金约束时,采取与下游核心企业达成协议结为联贷联保体的供应链金融模式,通过构建供应链金融期望利润函数,分析各供应链主体的最优策略,并进一步讨论银行贷款利率、供应商生产量等决策变量之间的相互关系及其对供应链利润的影响。     

甲骨文感知心理动词研究

甲骨文感知心理动词指甲骨文中与人的感觉、知觉、言语、心理等相关联的词语,分为认知和情感两类,共有25个。在句法功能方面,它们主要作谓语,作其他成分的极少;所带宾语绝大多数是对象宾语,受事宾语很少;大多可以带副词作状语;补语一般是“于”字结构,其位置比较自由,可以在动词前,也可以位于动词后。