Delay causes analysis in complex construction projects: a Semantic Network Analysis approach

Delays are among the most crucial adversaries to the success and performance of construction projects, making delay analysis and management a critical task for project managers. This task will be highly complicated in large-scale projects such as construction, which usually consist of a complex network of heterogeneous entities in continuous interaction. Traditional approaches and methods for the analysis of delays and their causes have been criticised for their ability to handle complex projects, and for considering the interrelationships between delay causes. Addressing this gap, this research introduces an alternative approach for delay causes analysis by adopting Semantic Network Analysis (SNA) method. The paper reports the results from an investigation of delays in construction projects in the Oil-Gas-Petrochemical sector using SNA. The method’s capacity to identify and rank delay causes, which can assist managers in selecting appropriate measures for eliminating them, are empirically examined and discussed. The paper argues that SNA leads to a more comprehensive understanding of the main causes of delay in large and complex projects, allowing a better identification and mapping of the interrelationships between these discrete factors.     

协同副词“一齐”、“一同”的虚化历程

协同副词"一齐"、"一同"是现代汉语中两个同义副词,它们同"一起"、"一块(儿)"的使用也有交叉,但在共时平面上,它们的差异与竞争一直没有得到更好的解释。从历时平面的分析来看,"一齐"、"一同"是动词短语虚化而来的。"一齐"在唐宋时期具备了协同副词的成熟用法。动词短语"一同"的词汇化在南宋到元明时期得以完成。在历史的发展中,"一齐"、"一同"与"一起"、"一块(儿)"的使用出现了各自不同的语义倾向特征和此消彼长的竞争变化。     

同义义场义位的配价研究

主要依据商务印书馆第5版《现代汉语词典》的释义,对黄伯荣、廖序东主编的《现代汉语》、胡裕树主编的《现代汉语》、张斌主编的《新编现代汉语》、邢福义主编的《现代汉语》、杨润陆编的《现代汉语》、唐朝阔、王群生主编的《现代汉语》等6部高校教材中所收同义词的配价情况进行穷尽性研究,得出结论：两个或以上义位的本体和本体之间、本体和变体之间、变体和变体之间,均可构成同义义场。因此,我们研究同义义场,应该明确是此义位的哪个体与彼义位的哪个体构成同义义场。词性不同的各个词,不能构成同义义场,因为在语义领域,它们的主要语义特征不同。无论是哪一种同义义场,属于同一同义义场的各个义位的本体或变体,它们的配价都是相同的。     

The Aging Semantic Differential in Mandarin Chinese: Measuring Attitudes toward Older Adults in China

ABSTRACT

The Aging Semantic Differential (ASD) is the most widely used instrument to measure young people’s attitudes towards older adults. This study translated the ASD to Mandarin and examined its psychometric properties. The Mandarin-ASD contains three latent factors (Personality and Mental Health, Societal Participation, and Physical) that have high internal reliability and reasonable discriminate validity. Social work researchers, practitioners and allied professionals may utilize the ASD-Mandarin instrument to measure young people’s attitudes towards older adults in China. We issue a call for a universal-ASD that can be applied across different cultural contexts.     

Do Mission Statements Matter for Nonprofit Performance?

In this exploratory study, we examine whether organizational mission statement attributes make a difference to the performance of nonprofit performing arts organizations. We use text analysis to measure two semantic attributes—activity and commonality—of mission statements. We examine whether these attributes are associated with improved performance for the instrumental and expressive functions of nonprofit performing arts organizations. Our findings indicate that the mission statement attribute activity is associated with improved performance for both instrumental and expressive functions. Our analysis of nonfindings for the mission statement attribute commonality suggests that there is a need to develop and use content analysis tools tailored to nonprofit contexts.     

“给力”的隐喻性语义泛化及其语境意义构建

"给力"通过语义隐喻、语义抽象和语义含混三个阶段,形成最终的泛化含义。     

流行语语义变异分析

语言变异是一种普遍存在的社会语言现象。流行语中有相当一部分是通过语义的变异而产生的。流行语语义变异的特点主要表现为:语义映射、语义别解和语义模糊等。     

也谈动词"价"范畴属性

语言学界对“价”范畴属性的认定有不同看法。我们认为,配价虽然与句法有密切的关系,但“价”既不属于句法范畴,也不属于句法-语义或语义-句法范畴。动词的价是语义范畴的概念,属于词汇意义平面。词汇意义最终在句法结构中以一定形式体现出来,动词的价可以在句法结构中进行形式验证。     

纽马克理论指导下的商务文本翻译

在商务领域中，商务文本犹如架起建立国内乃至国际间各商家的桥梁，所以商务文本的翻译有着十分重要的研究价值。将以纽马克翻译理论为指导，对商务文本中商务函电、商务广告以及商务函电这三方面的翻译策略进行了探讨。     

略论元诗“宗唐得古”说的理论可能——以语义学分析为线索

“宗唐得古”是元诗的基本特征之一,但这种后来的归纳与认定却被过度引申.客观史料和语义学的分析证明:元诗“宗唐得古”说的理论引申必须得到限制,它只能在“陈述”与“总结”的基础上被理解;元诗的理论口号与实践间存在巨大差异,由口号上的“宗唐”得出元诗“反宋”的引申并不能成立;元代诗风的建立在很大程度上也是一个官方“雅正”诗风建立的过程,元人自身的陈述既剖明又遮蔽了历史.