互联网的性质：与机器对比的视角

虽然互联网在各领域应用越来越普遍,但还笼罩着一层神秘的面纱,原因是人们对互联网性质的认识不够深刻。互联网的出现及影响与工业革命初期的机器具有高度相似性。借鉴《资本论》及其手稿中的机器思想及分析方法,将互联网与机器进行对比,可以发现：互联网是机器从动力革命、程序辅助、计算功能到对话需求发展的结果;互联网以机器作为连接的基础,具有无形客观、无限扩展和超脱的形式和快速、方便、大容量、交互性的特点;互联网能够改进生产和消费方式、提高机器的生产效率、提高社会的整体效率、创造信息财富;互联网表现和增强现有社会联系,增加新的社会联系;互联网通过增加休闲方式和劳动选择带来更多的剩余时间。此外,利用互联网需要注意其消极影响。     

机械制造技术基础课程教学方法改革研究

机械制造技术基础课程是一门综合性、实践性和应用性很强的机械类专业基础课。文章针对机械制造技术基础课程的教学特点,以创新能力培养为核心,从课程体系构建、理论和实践教学手段与方法的改革,教学效果评价等方面进行研究,多角度提高课程教学质量,以适应机械设计制造及其自动化专业人才培养的要求。     

基于路由器、防火墙的校园网络安全构建

简要分析了校园网的安全管理与路由器、防火墙的技术,较全面的分析了路由器访问控制列表(ACL)的分类及作用;针对校园网的不同安全属性及对网络间的访问控制要求,组合路由器ACL与防火墙技术,构建了校园网的安全性管理,并重点介绍几种解决方案。     

Computer learning and risk assessment in child protection

The volume and complexity of information in child protection cases means that there can be an overwhelming number of factors which seem pertinent to decision-making but which obscure any pattern within it. This paper examines the applicability of a technique known as computer learning to the area of risk assessment in order to extract any underlying patterns. The paper proposes first that there are a few key interrelated, broad-level concepts used to assess and thereby classify risk. These can be used as the basis for producing a set of rules under which a social work team operates. The classification of risk made by one social work team on 20 child protection cases was analysed to find underlying patterns of their decision-making. These patterns are presented in the form of ‘decision trees’, as a way of illustrating the group's past experience in assessing risk. The results are evaluated in terms of the complexity and plausibility of the decision tree produced. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Themis-ml: A Fairness-Aware Machine Learning Interface for End-To-End Discrimination Discovery and Mitigation

ABSTRACT

As more industries integrate machine learning into socially sensitive decision processes like hiring, loan-approval, and parole-granting, we are at risk of perpetuating historical and contemporary socioeconomic disparities. This is a critical problem because on the one hand, organizations who use but do not understand the discriminatory potential of such systems will facilitate the widening of social disparities under the assumption that algorithms are categorically objective. On the other hand, the responsible use of machine learning can help us measure, understand, and mitigate the implicit historical biases in socially sensitive data by expressing implicit decision-making mental models in terms of explicit statistical models. In this article we specify, implement, and evaluate a “fairness-aware” machine learning interface called themis-ml, which is intended for use by individual data scientists and engineers, academic research teams, or larger product teams who use machine learning in production systems.     

直流电机的交流观分析

本文试图用交流观点 ,分析直流电机的几个关键问题 ,以期再一次认识电机的内在规律和相互联系     

一种PVM安全机制的设计与实现(英文)

ＰＶＭ的安全机制是决定其大规模部署可行性的一个重要因素,文中提出了一种增强ＰＶＭ安全性的方案。它解决了在构成集群的各个计算机之间传递消息所面临的被窃听、篡改、伪造和重放的安全性问题,独立于具体的下层网络协议,消耗系统资源少,并且具有可动态配置的优点。     

汽车后桥主锥总成综合检测和评判方法

介绍了一种自行设计制造的专用检测试验机,论述了汽车后桥主锥总成综合检测和评判方法。试验机模拟了汽车行驶时的工作状况,能自动检测主锥总成的预紧力矩、转动中的发卡和干扰、差速等参数值。以检测到的各项数据为依据,对立锥总成的整体性能作出综合评定,给出了评判结果,并提出工艺改进。     

一种微波波导电缆拉制机用计算机控制系统

针对一种自行研制并投入实际应用的椭圆波导拉制机用计算机控制系统,介绍了其系统结构设计、功能设计与有关软、硬件的具体实现方法。该系统在单片机控制系统的控制下,自动完成椭圆波导电缆的拉制。经过试运行表明,系统能满足设计和使用要求。     

胶圈装订机打孔刀的工作性能研究

基于实验设计方法,进行了胶圈装订机几种打孔刀的打孔性能试验。通过对剪力及剪力随各参数的变化情况进行比较分析,结果表明,胶圈装订机打孔刀的刃口深度越浅,剪力越大;剪力随纸张数的增加基本呈线性增加;随剪纸速度的增加基本呈线性下降或变化不大。在打孔过程中表现出了剪切曲线呈双波峰特性,最后根据剪力在打孔过程中的变化情况,分析得出了打孔刀的打孔机理。