Skin color,sex, and educational attainment in the post-civil rights era

We assess the relationship between skin color and educational attainment for native-born non-Hispanic Black and White men and women, using data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. CARDIA is a medical cohort study with twenty years of social background data and a continuous measure of skin color, recorded as the percent of light reflected off skin. For Black men and women, we find a one-standard-deviation increase in skin lightness to be associated with a quarter-year increase in educational attainment. For White women, we find an association approximately equal in magnitude to that found for Black respondents, and the pattern of significance across educational transitions suggests that skin color for White women is not simply a proxy for family background. For White men, any relationship between skin color and attainment is not robust and, analyses suggest, might primarily reflect differences in family background. Findings suggest that discrimination on the basis of skin color may be less specific to race than previously thought.     

The ritual abuse of children: Implications for clinical practice and research

The development of a 14‐year‐old female from defending herself from sexual crimes to committing such a crime is presented in case‐report form. Her individual history, family dynamics, and transgenerational patterns are explored. A review of the current literature is utilized to understand why some abused persons become abusers.     

When the Spirit Blooms: Acquiring Higher Education in the Context of Welfare Reform

ABSTRACT

Established within a political context greatly influenced by stereotypical assumptions of impoverished women of color, welfare reform codified a work-first philosophy meant to attack perceived “dependency” and spur “self-sufficiency.” This article describes the shortcomings of the work-first approach and highlights the importance of higher education for helping women, and especially women of color, achieve economic well-being. It then reports key findings from a study that examines the impact of higher education on the lives of welfare participants in California. Utilizing a mix of surveys, focus groups, and personal interviews, this study finds that despite the challenges associated with balancing parenthood, college-level coursework, and the bureaucratic demands of welfare reform, the stereotypical notions of the “welfare queen” do not apply. Instead, study participants exhibited a high level of ambition, persistence, determination, and hard work in pursuit of their educational ambitions; and in the process, improved their lives and the lives of their children.     

《海浪》中颜色词语使用的心理情结与象征意义

本文以沃尔夫小说《海浪》中的两个女性对色彩词语的使用为例,指出人物的色彩词语使用与人物的性格和内心世界是相呼应的,颜色词语的使用完成了人物的心理情结表述及其象征意义。     

More highly female-biased sex ratio in the fig wasp,Blastophaga nipponica Grandi (Agaonidae)

The sex ratio of the pollinator fig wasp,Blastophaga nipponica Grandi (Agaonidae), was examined in an experiment manipulating the number of foundresses. The sex ratio ofB. nipponica was conditional on the number of foundresses and corresponded to the qualitative prediction of the local mate competition (LMC) theory that the proportion of males increases as foundress number increases. However, the sex ratio ofB. nipponica was consistently more female-biased than predicted by extended LMC theories that incorporated effects of inbreeding, and these deviations were statistically significant. Plausible factors that would make predictions more female-biased are discussed.     

A Comparison of Sexual Behaviors and Attitudes,Self-Esteem,Quality of Life,and Drug Use Among Pornography Actors and a Matched Sample

ABSTRACT

The present study compared the self-reports of 105 porn actors to a sample of men matched on age, ethnicity, and marital status. Comparisons were conducted on sexual behaviors and attitudes, self-esteem, quality of life, and drug use. Porn actors’ first sex was at an earlier age, they had more sexual partners and a higher enjoyment of sex, they were more concerned about catching a sexually transmitted disease, and they were less likely to use a condom during a first-time sexual encounter compared with the matched sample, although there were no differences in incidence of childhood sexual abuse. In terms of psychological characteristics, porn actors had higher levels of self-esteem and quality-of-life indicators. Lastly, male performers were more likely to have used five different types of drugs compared with the comparison group during their lifetime and were more likely to have used marijuana during the past 6 months. These findings provide mixed support for stereotypes concerning male porn actors.     

Gender in Political Sex Scandals in Contemporary Turkey: Women’s Agency and the Public Sphere

Sex scandals in politics lead to intense public debates about fundamental issues, such as morality, publicity, and privacy, rendering gender inequalities more visible than ever. This article aims to reveal the complex gendered dynamics of the political culture by looking at sex scandals in contemporary Turkey. The ways in which these scandals have been narrated, negotiated, and resolved among the public and political actors provide grounds for analysis about the nature of patriarchal dynamics regarding women’s agency and public credibility communicated through their sexuality in contemporary Turkey.     

大江健三郎作品中的狂欢化精神

获得诺贝尔文学奖的日本作家大江健三郎,始终从边缘的角度出发,关注边缘人物命运及边缘文化,以狂欢的写作手法,搭建了一个狂欢舞台,展示了边缘人物对主流政治和文化的对抗。分析大江文学作品中的人物狂欢、空间狂欢、性的狂欢等,可以揭示大江文学作品中狂欢化精神的实质内涵:自由与平等、颠覆与再生。     

从新疆女性人才的调查看单位环境内的女性人才

本文从新疆女性人才较为集中的单位入手 ,分析了单位提供资源与保障时女性形成的人格依附及女性在单位内的行为选择 ,试图说明单位环境下的正式权力结构、非正式权力结构及普遍社会观念对女性人才作用有效发挥的制约和不利影响 ,并归纳出单位内女性人才的人格特征 ,指出未来社会女性人才与工作环境的变动前景     

李Color代数的扭上圈

本文主要研究复数域上有限维李color代数的(α,β,γ)-导子,得到李color代数的(α,β,γ)-导子的一些重要性质.应用给定的复参数,推广李color代数上圈,并且得出了一类李color代数的1-上圈等价于其(α,β,γ)-导子.另外,对伴随表示的二维扭上圈也进行了详细的研究.