和谐社会构建中的不和谐人口因素探析——基于广东省出生性别比偏高问题的研究

人口性别比协调是一重要的社会"稳定器"和"平衡未",而出生性别比是人口性别比的先导.广东省在构建和谐社会进程中所面临的不和谐人口要素之一便是出生性别比偏高.通过从孩次、城乡、区域以及人口流迁等方面进行剖析,广东省出生人口性别比在上述几个方面均出现了不同程度的失衡.通过"利离"发现,广东省出生人口性别比的总体偏高主要还是由于粤北和粤西等不发达地区农村户籍育龄妇女的超高出生性别比拉动所致,主要应从现念、领导、管理和法制等面标本兼治、综合治理.     

中国婚姻挤压研究的回顾与评述

通过对检索文献的分析,从婚姻挤压的现状、原因、测度和影响等几个方面对我国学者就婚姻挤压研究取得的成果进行了综述,回顾了主要的研究成果,指出了研究的不足之处,并对未来研究做出展望,笔者最后建议从人口安全与和谐社会这两个角度研究婚姻挤压问题。     

打破传统模式 培养创新人才--"高师美术教育专业水彩画符号、图式建构教学的研究与实践"总结

高师美术教育专业培养模式与培养具有创新性的新型城乡中学美术教师的宗旨相背已久.从基础水彩画课入手进行符号、图式建构教学的研究与实践,有利于该专业课程体系改革的全面实施,进而打破传统培养模式,为城乡中学输送具有审美能力、创新能力的新型人才.     

从婚姻与家庭功能看性革命

本文从婚姻、家庭功能出发,对西方性革命、性解放做了理论上的探讨,并对西方性革命对目前中国性文化的影响做了深刻探讨,提出在中国弘扬健康文明的性文化的重要性.     

A lost family-planning regime in eighteenth-century Ceylon

Based on Dutch colonial registers (thombos), this paper reconstructs fertility for two districts in Ceylon, 1756–68. It overcomes challenges in data quality by establishing the outer bounds of plausible estimates in a series of scenarios. Among these, total fertility rates (TFRs) averaged 5.5 in one district, but only 2.7 in the other. These figures exclude the victims of infanticide, a custom noted in European travelogues between about 1660 and 1820. Sex ratios among children differed depending on the number of older siblings, and overall, 27?per cent of girls are missing in one district and 57?per cent in the other. There was little significant variation either in the TFR or the sex ratio by socio-economic status, suggesting that poverty was not a key factor in motivating infanticides. Instead, we argue that at least parts of Ceylon had a forward-looking culture of family planning in the eighteenth century, which was lost in subsequent decades.     

A propensity score matching analysis of the relationship between victim sex and capital juror decision-making in North Carolina

A small body of prior research has examined the impact of victim sex on jury death penalty decision-making and the majority of this research has demonstrated some evidence of a “female victim effect” such that cases involving a female victim are more likely to receive the death penalty than similarly situated cases with a male victim. However, within this line of research studies have suggested that victim sex may work in conjunction with other case characteristics. In order to further explore this phenomenon, the current study examines a near-population of death penalty cases from North Carolina (n = 1069) from 1977–2009 using propensity score matching. Results demonstrate that once cases are matched on more than 50 legal and extralegal case characteristics, there is no statistically significant or substantive link between victim sex and death penalty decision-making. Findings suggest that it is concrete differences in the legal and extralegal factors observed in cases with female victims compared to male victims that shape jury death sentence decisions rather than a direct effect of victim sex (before matching: OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.20–1.95; p < .001/after matching: OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.66–1.24; p = .52). Study limitations and implications are also discussed.     

A Content Analysis of Intake Paperwork: An Exploration of How Clinicians Ask About Gender,Sex, and Sexual/Affectual Orientation

In the United States, the transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) population has increased twofold since 2011. Although counseling professionals are called to provide competent services to TGNC clients, no empirical studies exist that examine one of the first points of contact: Intake paperwork. The authors conducted a content analysis (N = 128) of intake paperwork and assessed how and if clinicians asked for gender, sex, and sexual/affectual orientation, and whether they conflated these constructs. Findings indicate adjustments need to be made for intakes to be more inclusive of these constructs. The authors offer clinical implications and avenues for future research.     

The impact of age,BMI and sex hormone on aging males’ symptoms and the international index of erectile function scores

Objective: To analyze the impact of age, BMI and sex hormone on aging males’ symptoms (AMS) and the 5-item version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) scores in middle-aged and elderly Chinese men.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiashan County. A total of 969 men, aged between 40 and 80 years old, were admitted. Physical examination and the sex hormones were measured, and AMS and IIEF-5 scores were assessed.

Results: The oneway ANOVA analysis indicated older age groups had higher AMS total-scores, somatic and sexual sub-scores, and lower IIEF5 scores (all p?r_pairwise) analyses showed the significant associations between AMS and age or sex hormone (cFT, Bio-T, SHBG, and LH) levels, and similar for IIEF5. However, when age was adjusted, the correlation coefficients (r_partial) weakened, and correlation significance disappeared, except LH (for AMS: r_partial?=?0.096, p?=?.009; for IIEF-5: r_partial?= ?0.140, p?=?.001). Multiple linear regressions confirmed the influence of increased age and LH on the AMS and IIEF5 scores.

Conclusion: CFT, Bio-T and SHBG failed to yield any additional predicting information when age was adjusted. To improve the male reproductive health, future research should pay more attention on aging-related comorbidities and how to improve general wellness.     

Predicting Attitudes Toward Lesbian and Gay Parent Families Among Portuguese Students from Helping Professions

The authors' goal was to characterize predictors of attitudes toward lesbian and gay parent families (LGPF), held by students enrolled in psychology, social work, medicine, nursing, elementary, and preschool education programs in Portugal. The authors examined the predictive value of students' (n = 600) sociodemographic characteristics when assessing their attitudes toward LGPF. Participant's gender, interpersonal contact with lesbians and gay men, gender role attitudes had indirect effects on attitudes toward LGPF, through attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Understanding characteristics associated with attitudes toward LGPF may inform decisions in terms of the education and training of helping professionals.