How Much Internalization of Nuclear Risk Through Liability Insurance?

An important source of conflict surrounding nuclear energy is that with a very small probability, a large-scale nuclear accident may occur. One way to internalize the associated financial risks is through mandating nuclear operators to have liability insurance. This paper presents estimates of consumers' willingness to pay for increased financial security provided by an extension of coverage, based on the 'stated choice' approach. A Swiss citizen with median characteristics may be willing to pay 0.14 US cents per kwh to increase coverage beyond the current CHF 0.7 billion (bn.) (US$ 0.47 bn.). Marginal willingness to pay declines with higher coverage but exceeds marginal cost at least up to CHF 4 bn.(US$ 2.7 bn.). An extension of nuclear liability insurance coverage therefore may be efficiency-enhancing.     

Effects of Disease Type and Latency on the Value of Mortality Risk

We evaluate the effects of disease type and latency on willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce environmental risks of chronic, degenerative disease. Using contingent-valuation data collected from approximately 1,200 respondents in Taiwan, we find that WTP declines with latency between exposure to environmental contaminants and manifestation of any resulting disease, at a 1.5 percent annual rate for a 20 year latency period. WTP to reduce the risk of cancer is estimated to be about one-third larger than WTP to reduce risk of a similar chronic, degenerative disease. The value of risk reduction also depends on the affected organ, environmental pathway, or payment mechanism: estimated WTP to reduce the risk of lung disease due to industrial air pollution is twice as large as WTP to reduce the risk of liver disease due to contaminated drinking water.     

发展大企业集团优化中国乳业市场结构

一个国家的产业竞争力受多种因素影响,其中市场结构是关键因素。目前我国乳业市场存在的问题主要是市场集中度低、企业规模小、进入壁垒低;深层次原因是市场结构不合理,导致企业经营绩效低下。因此,从优化市场结构入手,发展大企业集团对规范企业行为和提高市场绩效具有重要的实践意义。     

Whom should we believe? Aggregation of heterogeneous beliefs

We examine the collective risk attitude of a group with heterogeneous beliefs. We prove that the wealth-dependent probability distribution used by the representative agent is biased in favor of the beliefs of the more risk tolerant consumers. Moreover, increasing disagreement on the state probability raises the state probability of the representative agent. It implies that when most disagreements are concentrated in the tails of the distribution, the perceived collective risk is magnified. This can help to solve the equity premium puzzle. We show that the trade volume and the equity premium are positively correlated.

On the Effect of Risk Aversion in Bimatrix Games

Nash equilibria with identical supports are compared for bimatrix games that are different with respect to the risk aversion of player 2. For equilibria in 2× 2-bimatrix games and for equilibria with efficient supports in coordination games it is established for which cases increased risk aversion of player 2 benefits or hurts player 2.     

黑龙江省组建和发展企业集团的对策研究

近年,黑龙江省加快了发展大型企业集团的步伐,但还存在一些问题。组建和发展企业集团必须有一个核心企业,必须引入大的投资主体,要突出股权多元化,必须建立规范的法人治理结构,实行母子公司体制,并加快内部改革,采用市场机制运作。     

Services to prevent child placing-out for cocaine-affected and non-affected families

This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the'In-Home Family Care' programme of Children's Home Society of California in Alameda County, particularly regarding the emphasis and impact of services for cocaine-affected families. The family characteristics, problems addressed and service provision in cases served over a 3-year period were assessed in terms of their relation to placement outcome for cocaine-affected and non-affected families. This evaluation found that, despite serious and often chronic problems among cocaine-affected families, their child removal rate was no higher than that for non-affected families. Implications for risk assessment and placement decisions are discussed.     

20世纪70～90年代云南儿童文学创作概述

20世纪70至90年代,云南儿童文学创作成就斐然,作家们以充满浓郁地域和民族特色的红土地为抒写对象,以骄人的成就构筑了云南儿童文学“生态群落”,受到了全国儿童文学界的盛赞。     

论英语语调对信息结构的影响

从英语语调的三大系统出发,分别研究调群划分、调核确定以及声调模式和信息结构的关系,发现调群的划分、调核位置的确定和调群声调模式的不同都会使同一个语调群所传递的信息发生改变.     

英语教学中小组与对子活动的作用与意义

论述了小组和对子活动在英语课堂基础训练中的作用和组织小组与对子活动的理论依据——认知发展理论 ,阐释了小组和对子活动的特点与作用 ,并提出了几种训练方法