Let’s be careful out there … : how digital rights advocates educate citizens in the digital age

From the early days of the printed press, citizens have challenged and modified the information environment as constructed by governments and media organizations. In the digital era, this struggle is manifested in the work of civil-society organizations calling to expand the boundaries of digital rights such as access to the internet, freedom of speech, and the right to privacy. Alongside their traditional activity of confronting governments and internet organizations, these bodies have also engaged in educating citizens about their rights. In order to shed light on such educational efforts, I examine the activities of four civil-society organizations operating in three countries (Germany, Israel, and the U.S.) by conducting a content analysis of their websites between 2013 and 2015. The results suggest that the organizations’ interactions with the public are guided by three main principles: (1) cultural informational framing: delivering accurate technological and political information, which is framed so as to resonate with the cultural premises and everyday lives of the target audiences; (2) personal activism: propelling citizens toward participation, primarily through political clicktivism and by providing them with technological guidance and tools for digital self-protection; and (3) branding digital rights activism: fostering a unique image for a particular organization’s digital rights activism, mostly through selling merchandise to citizens. Using these strategies, the organizations aim to construct the social–political–cultural identity of a generation who are knowledgeable, politically active, and aware of their rights in the digital age. The characteristics of this identity are discussed in the conclusion.     

The Social Policy Indicators (SPIN) database

The Social Policy Indicators (SPIN) database provides the foundations for new comparative and longitudinal research on the causes behind, and the consequences of, welfare states and social citizenship rights. The SPIN database is oriented towards analyses of institutions as manifested in social policy legislation. To date, SPIN covers 40 countries, of which several have data on core social policy programmes from 1930. There are currently six data modules in SPIN, covering different social policy areas. The following research note describes the theoretical and conceptual basis of the SPIN project, as well as the data it contains.     

英国幼儿园虐童治理机制研究

英国幼儿园虐童治理的法律政策以“更强大、更灵活”为完善目标，以儿童利益最大化、非延迟、多机构协作、共同参与 和保密为基本原则，逐步形成了较为成熟的虐童处理流程，包括识别和报告、评估、共同保护儿童会议以及惩戒四个阶段，细分 为发现迹象、行为质疑、寻求帮助、及时报告、评估、战略会议、儿童保护会议、儿童保护计划、审查会议以及惩戒等10个步骤， 最大限度地降低了儿童伤害，维护了儿童权益，可为我国幼儿园虐童防控机制的建构以及学前教育立法提供有益借鉴。     

地下水市场的发育及影响因素——北方地区的实证研究

南亚一些国家的经验表明,地下水市场可能会成为管理地下水资源的有效途径.文章的研究目的是探讨我国北方地区地下水市场发育的现状、特点及影响因素.研究表明,我国北方地区的地下水市场已经有相当程度的发育,而且具有和南亚国家相类似的无约束性、地域性和分散性等特点.影响地下水市场发育的主要因素有机井产权制度、水资源和耕地资源的短缺程度等.预计未来地下水市场还将不断发展,然而它对农业生产、农民生活和地下水资源的开发利用,及对环境等方面的影响还有待进一步研究.     

Every child matters: a legal perspective

Recent legal and policy changes, including the introduction of the Human Rights Act, provide the context for the new child welfare and protection policies proposed for England. These proposals are discussed from a legal perspective in relation to early and coordinated intervention, sharing information between agencies and with children and families, partnership with children, information management, and structural and legal change. Consideration is also given to issues overlooked by the Green Paper, such as immigration and asylum, youth justice and the whole family justice system. The discussion concludes by arguing for the need for integrating cultural and structural change and for leadership (and investment of resources) across government to achieve such goals. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于完善妇女平等就业权的法律思考

平等就业权是妇女的一项基本人权,是妇女生存权的基础,也是提高妇女的社会地位,实现男女平等的前提条件。当前我国社会经济的发展与转型,已经对妇女的平等就业权带来了极大的冲击和挑战,因此,完善我国保护妇女平等就业权的现行法律制度,加强对妇女平等就业权的法律保护,对于推动我国社会和谐发展,具有十分重大的意义。     

试论公民的平等权

公民离不开平等权,平等权是宪法与宪政的重要内容。平等权应是公民的一个具体的基本权利,不能把它看作是一个宪法原则或者法制原则。本文对平等权的宪法渊源、含义及其与宪法基本人权、法治原则和刑法平等原则的关系、效力范围等进行了探析。     

The pioneer's curse: Selection bias and agricultural land degradation

Expansion of agriculture into new regions has often been followed by land degradation. In this article, it is argued that the process of land development involves the selection of pioneer's with optimistic expectations about the robustness and carrying capacity of new land. Hence, there is a systematic bias towards overexploitation and land degradation. The argument is shown to be an extension of the winner's curse analysis in the theory of auctions.Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland     

论国家豁免原则

当国家作为民事法律关系的主体参与涉外民事活动时，其法律地位如何？该问题历来为理论界所争议，有所谓的有限豁免理论与绝对豁免理论之分。文章以为这两种理论的争论无太大的实践意义，针对目前国际政治经济发展的趋势，大胆提出了平等国家豁免理论，并具体提出应当通过冲突规范的运用来实现该原则。     

高校知识产权管理问题探析

就高校知识产权管理所面临的问题 ,以及高校知识产权流失的主要形式作出归纳分析 ,并提出相应对策 ,以期能够通过采用更规范、更科学、更有效的管理方式 ,提升高校知识产权的管理水平 ,从而防止高校知识产权的流失。