从社会财富和公共资源角度设计我国房地产税收体系

1990年代末以来,房地产业作为支柱产业为我国社会和经济的发展做出了巨大贡献,但当下这种定位必须加以改变。土地是不可再生资源;住宅一经建造,也将长久存在。因此,必须转变只将住宅作为商品的观念,彻底改变从纯经济角度看待房地产,即必须将“房和地”看作是公共资源和社会财富。惟其如此,才能科学合理地设计房地产税收体系。对房地产占用量多、占用时间长,就必须多缴税。     

Marriage,Marital History,and Black – White Wealth Differentials Among Older Women

This study investigated the impact of union history and marital transitions on wealth inequality between older Black and White women (N = 7,026). Cohort data from the Health and Retirement Study show large and increasing Black – White differences in wealth. Marital and relationship histories are associated with the wealth accumulation process among older women. Women who married and stay married accumulated levels of wealth that exceeded those of other women with disrupted family lives. The marriage – wealth nexus is sensitive to a woman's position in the wealth distribution. Quantile regression results revealed that racial differences in total wealth holdings between Black and White women exist throughout the wealth distribution, whereas the relationship between current union history and wealth differentials is significant at the lower tail and middle of the distribution. Decomposition analyses highlighted the nontrivial role of racial disparities in marital histories in accounting for the racial wealth gap. As members of the baby boom generation enter their retirement years, it will be more important than ever to monitor the wealth accumulation process among older single and racial/ethnic minority women.     

Annual Index

This article presents findings from an investigation of the treatment of wealth distribution by high school economics textbooks. The eight leading high school economics texts in the United States were examined.     

Changes of Electoral Politics under the Growing Wealth Gap in East Asia since the Global Financial Crisis: South Korea and China’s Taiwan in Comparison

Abstract

The economic recession caused by the global financial crisis of 2008 affected political change across the world in different ways. Economic and social problems turned into political crises in North Africa. In Europe and America, dissatisfaction over such problems caused social unrest but did not imperil the political order. In East Asia, where competitive party politics have just emerged, the financial crisis sparked a correlative political and economic reaction model involving economic recession—growing wealth gap—public policy transition in electoral politics. Major electoral campaigns over the past five years in China’s Taiwan, the Republic of Korea and other economies in East Asia indicate that prioritizing economic growth and equitable distribution are emerging to be common core issues in different parties’ electoral competition despite remnant historical questions and highly politicized issues. The new electoral politics based on public policy competition has gained greater space for development against the background of an economic recession and a growing wealth gap, and is exerting a profound influence on the political and economic development process in East Asia.     

延边州农村大龄未婚男青年情况调查报告

随着经济和社会的发展,延边在人口方面出现了一些新情况和新问题,其中农村大龄男青年择偶难的问题尤为突出,边远山区和边境沿线更是如此。农村大龄男青年择偶难已成为社会潜在的不安定因素。农村大龄男青年择偶难的原因是多方面的,解决问题的关键是要通过本人、家庭、各级政府以及社会各方面的共同努力,帮助他们提高文化素质,提高致富能力,改变现状,改善他们的生活环境,帮助他们尽快解决择偶难问题。     

关于“财富”的再认识与概念辨析

通过对众多学者在门学科和社会生活中“财富”概念认识差异的分析,坚持了广义财富概念和狭义财富概念的分类,认同自然资源不是财富,和劳动一样,自然资源只是生产财富的源泉之一。同时,认同和支持古典经济学、马克思主义经济学中财富概念的定义,认同“财富是因稀缺而需要通过劳动生产出来的对人类有用的产品”。建议坚持经济学自身对“财富”概念的界定。     

公益性扶贫慈善组织与政府关系的模式选择

文章讨论第三次分配领域中的公益性扶贫慈善组织和初次分配领域中的政府在先富帮后富中的关系模式选择,以达到充分发挥两者作用,最终实现共同富裕。     

试论邓小平的贫富观及其理论和现实意义

邓小平在领导中国人民脱贫致富过程中,彻底纠正了毛泽东在贫富问题认识上的偏差和失误,透辟分析了我们长期不能摆脱贫困落后状态的根本原因,明确指出了消灭贫穷的必要性、战略步骤和根本途径,形成了以改革开放为动力,以解决"三农"问题为重点,先富带动后富、后富赶超先富并最终达到共同富裕的辩证贫富观.深入研究邓小平的贫富观,无论是对于我们坚持和发展邓小平理论,还是对于改善和保障民生,促进社会和谐,都具有重要的理论价值和现实意义.     

上海居民消费的财富效应研究

改革开放三十年来,我国居民生活水平大幅度提高,积累了大量的储蓄存款、住房资产等家庭财富.本文利用2005年1447户上海居民生活调查数据,分析了家庭资产对居民消费的"财富效应".研究发现:在非耐用品消费方面,储蓄和住房资产都存在显著的财富效应,两类资产每增加1%将使非耐用品消费支出分别增长0.04%-0.05%和0.05%-0.06%,住房资产的财富效应略高于储蓄资产.在耐用品消费方面,储蓄资产没有显著的财富效应,但住房资产对推动耐用品消费具有显著而巨大的财富效应,住房资产价值每上升1%将使家庭拥有耐用品的概率增加20%左右.在当前"拉动内需促增长"的形势下,我们尤其需要注意稳定房地产市场,发挥住房资产在促进消费中的"财富效应".