城镇居民消费行为的生命周期变异——来自微观面板数据的证据

利用国家统计局山东调查总队城镇住户调查2005年1月至2006年12月的月度数据,通过建立面板数据模型对生命周期假说的推论进行实证检验发现：中国城镇居民的消费行为并不完全符合生命周期假说的预期;其中城镇居民在其生命周期的早期确实有着较高的消费倾向,而在随后一段时间也有较低的边际消费倾向;在退休前阶段城镇居民的消费倾向会较高,而处在退休后生命周期晚期的城镇居民则有着较低的狭义边际消费倾向（不包括医疗和教育支出）和较高的广义边际消费倾向（tg括医疗和教育支出）。     

Development and application of a rubric to compare strategies for improving access to health care in rural communities in the United States

Rural areas are underserved in terms of the availability of and access to health care services. According to Healthy People 2020, access to health care continues to be the most frequently identified rural health priority in the United States.PurposeThe purpose was to develop an efficient approach for standardizing and prioritizing strategies to improve access to health care in rural areas across the United States. The rubric provides a quantitative metric of the effectiveness of each strategy in terms of impact and feasibility and allows community health departments and other access to care groups to compare strategies and facilitate discussion of various strategies’ ability to meet the needs of diverse communities.FrameworkThe Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA) cycle was used to create the rubric. The research team constructed a plan for creating a rubric to measure each strategy’s impact and feasibility. We checked the rubric by applying it to selected access to care improvement strategies evaluated by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). Members of a rural community Access to Care Workgroup applied the rubric to several RWJF What Works for Health strategies. The final step was to compare the results of the application phase through facilitated conversations with the goal of determining which strategy or strategies would best meet the needs of the rural community.DiscussionA rubric is a valuable tool to facilitate assessment and discussion and for assisting community members in determining access to care priorities. After applying the rubric in a community setting, we identified two important tactics: 1) the rubric is best applied to strategies when they are summarized consistently and cohesively; and 2) it is important to involve community stakeholders early in the process of identifying strategies for evaluation. The next step is to apply the rubric to similar strategies in other rural communities to further validate the rubric’s effectiveness.     

Focus Group Study to Examine Content of Family Meetings in Short-Term Substance Use Disorder Treatment

This study explores the content family members find helpful in family meetings that occur while patients are in short-term treatment for substance use disorders. Four focus groups were conducted: 3 with 23 family members and 1 with 10 patients who were asked to identify those topics that are helpful or unhelpful for families with and without prior treatment experiences. Families identified education about substance use disorders and an overview of treatment options as useful for family members new to treatment, and an emphasis on response to relapse and family supports as important for those with prior treatment experiences.     

高管激励调整、会计信息质量与公司股价崩盘风险

高管作为企业运营的核心主体,其薪酬激励方式的选择与调整是决定公司风险防控和未来发展的关键因素。以2007—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了高管激励调整对公司股价崩盘风险的影响及作用机制。研究发现,高管激励调整、高管激励方式由现金调整为股票期权、高管激励调整次数上升均能够显著降低上市公司股价崩盘风险,且会计信息质量在高管激励调整对公司股价崩盘风险的影响中发挥了部分中介效应。异质性分析表明,高管激励调整对股价崩盘风险的缓解效应仅显著存在于处于成长期或成熟期(而非衰退期)以及分析师关注度较高的企业中。因此,企业应建立相对灵活的薪酬激励长效机制,根据不同生命周期设计合理的奖惩制度,并适度调整契约条款,进而防范公司股价崩盘风险。     

邮电高校经济管理类科研创新团队的构建

首先从高校科研创新团队建设的重要作用出发,分析了邮电高校经济管理类学院科研团队存在的问题.其次,依据项目管理理论中的项目生命周期曲线,将邮电高校经济管理类科研创新团队建设划分为三个阶段,即科研创新团队启动阶段、科研创新团队发展阶段和科研创新团队稳定阶段,随之针对每个阶段,从团队带头人、团队科研环境、激励机制和考核体系等方面提出了相应的构建邮电高校经济管理类科研创新团队的对策.这些对策将有助于促进邮电高校经济管理类科研创新团队的稳定,并延长科研创新团队的生命周期.     

从正面解读经济危机的经济成长价值

社会各界的人们几乎都对危机保持敌视的态度,长期而过分看重经济危机的负面效应,从而否定经济危机对经济成长的诸多发展价值,这有悖于市场经济的发展规律。事实上,经济危机是市场经济成长的基本常态,因而具有诸多的正面意义:经济危机内在地蕴含了市场经济的成长机遇,是市场经济成长的一个自动修复过程,具有优化稀缺资源配置的重大功效,是人力资本的强制性定期更新,是市场经济内生的人口约束力量,经济危机强制性贯彻权利与责任对称原则,是市场经济"成长的烦恼"。     

宏观经济走势预测理论与方法的回顾与展望

分析了宏观经济走势预测理论与方法的研究进展和存在问题,重点是商业周期的预测模型,包括经济计量模型、时间序列模型、领先经济指标法、预期调查法等;系统阐述了预测模型精确度比较、合理性检验、显著性检验等过程,指出了该领域的研究方向。     

短时记忆与外语听力理解

本文通过从认知心理学的角度对短时记忆的特点及其在听力理解过程中作用的分析,指出听力理解水平的提高与短时记忆的有限容量有着密切的关系,并由此提出对提高短时记忆能力的思考.     

建筑产品的全寿命周期环境影响评价

建筑产品在人类的生产和生活中占据重要位置，但其在给人类带来各种享受的同时，又成为资源、能源的主要消耗者及生态环境的主要污染源。本文将全寿命周期评价（LCA）方法应用到城市建设领域，从资源利用、能源消耗和污染排放三个方面，提出了建筑产品环境影响评价的定量模型，旨在利用评价指标推动建筑产品的清洁生产，促进建筑业的可持续发展。     

世界经济周期研究成果综述

经济危机与经济周期现象已经存在了近二百年,对于这一重大经济现象的研究成果也是汗牛充栋。整理这些成果,得到一个更加合理的新模型是时代赋予我们的任务。以经济危机史上的前中后段研究为样本,可以看出马克思、欧文.费雪、凯恩斯三人在对世界经济周期研究方面做出了巨大的贡献,概括他们三人的研究成果,可归纳出经济危机问题实际上是一个“货币发放应当以什么为标准”的问题。进一步可以发现,在强调马克思“货币为人服务”理念的背景下,引入弗里德曼的货币思想与世界经济周期研究的最新成果“人币理论模型”,使理论、实践中消灭失业、生产不足与生产过剩成为可能。