10.6μm斯塔克效应稳频的误差信号分析

本文从高斯线型函数出发,导出了误差信号表达式。用计算机对误差信号表达式进行处理,得到了误差信号数值解。由计算机数值分析给出的基波分量大小,得到了激光频率的灵敏鉴别。本文还叙述了斯塔克盒锁定CO_2激光器频率的实验,并且观察到的探测器输出信号与计算机计算的结果吻合。     

基于独立分量分析的降噪技术

介绍了新兴的独立分量分析技术的基本概念和原理,以及具有代表性的算法,即FastICA算法、EASI算法、非线性PCA算法和基于自然梯度的最大似然估计算法。通过降噪仿真实验,并采用均方误差作为降噪的性能指数,对这些算法与传统的自适应信号处理算法进行比较。所得实验结果表明,独立分量分析算法在降噪上的效果优于自适应信号处理算法。因此在降噪上具有较大的应用价值。     

电磁导弹的两个工程问题

解决了电磁导弹的两个工程问题,即电磁导弹激励源时城波形的必要条件是波形函数必不连续;周期信号也能产生电磁导弹。为了应用,对实际能产生的激励信号在有限的距离之內呈现的电磁导弹效应进行了讨论。本文得到的结论对电磁导弹的实际应用有重要的价值。     

PSK/PPM组合信号

从强探测、高分辨、低截获和抗干扰角度出发,探索了一种相移键控(PSK)信号和脉冲位置调制(PPM)信号组合而成一种新的雷达信号PSK/PPM,给出了波形构造,推导了它的模糊函数。理论分析和大量的计算模拟表明组合信号具有大时宽带宽积(BT),BT相对于单一单制信号PPM提高Q倍,相对于PSK提高M倍,信号更具复杂性,且易于产生。     

关于信息定义的讨论

信息的定义在不同著作中都有不同的提法,而且在特定的研究领域都具有说服力。随着时代的进步,研究领域的拓展,信息这个词的使用频率不断增加,涉及的领域也不断扩大,提出一个能适应更宽广研究领域,更具说服力的定义是十分必要的。通过科学论证给出了信息的新定义,并讨论了信号、信号处理、信息识别与信息获取的关系。     

PWPM信号的功率谱研究

对脉冲宽度、位置联合调制(pulse width and position modulation)简称 PWPM 方式的随机信号序列功率谱进行了研究,文献[1]的理论结果显示 PWPM 随机信号序列功率谱中存在符号(symbol)同步信号离散谱成分,这有利于在接收端正确接收 PWPM 信号.用计算机模拟估计了 PWPM 随机信号序列的功率谱.其结果也表明了 symbol 同步信号的存在.     

LFMCW雷达信号多周期模糊函数分析

给出了LFMCW雷达信号的多周期模糊函数,并与单周期信号进行了比较。讨论了在单周期和多周期的模糊函数联系,沿主轴切割模糊函数的性质和体积有限方面上两者特征的差别。仿真结果表明,增大周期可提高多普勒分辩力,但不能改善时延分辩力。     

Setting Priorities in Behavioral Interventions: An Application to Reducing Phishing Risk

Phishing risk is a growing area of concern for corporations, governments, and individuals. Given the evidence that users vary widely in their vulnerability to phishing attacks, we demonstrate an approach for assessing the benefits and costs of interventions that target the most vulnerable users. Our approach uses Monte Carlo simulation to (1) identify which users were most vulnerable, in signal detection theory terms; (2) assess the proportion of system‐level risk attributable to the most vulnerable users; (3) estimate the monetary benefit and cost of behavioral interventions targeting different vulnerability levels; and (4) evaluate the sensitivity of these results to whether the attacks involve random or spear phishing. Using parameter estimates from previous research, we find that the most vulnerable users were less cautious and less able to distinguish between phishing and legitimate emails (positive response bias and low sensitivity, in signal detection theory terms). They also accounted for a large share of phishing risk for both random and spear phishing attacks. Under these conditions, our analysis estimates much greater net benefit for behavioral interventions that target these vulnerable users. Within the range of the model's assumptions, there was generally net benefit even for the least vulnerable users. However, the differences in the return on investment for interventions with users with different degrees of vulnerability indicate the importance of measuring that performance, and letting it guide interventions. This study suggests that interventions to reduce response bias, rather than to increase sensitivity, have greater net benefit.     

Spatial prediction of crystalline defects observed in molecular dynamic simulations of plastic damage

Molecular dynamic computer simulation is an essential tool in materials science to study atomic properties of materials in extreme environments and guide development of new materials. We propose a statistical analysis to emulate simulation output with the ultimate goal of efficiently approximating the computationally intensive simulation. We compare several spatial regression approaches including conditional autoregression (CAR), discrete wavelets transform (DWT), and principle components analysis (PCA). The methods are applied to simulation of copper atoms with twin wall and dislocation loop defects, under varying tilt tension angles. We find that CAR and DWT yield accurate results but fail to capture extreme defects, yet PCA better captures defect structure.