借鉴国外研究性教学经验，加强信号类系列课程建设

通过介绍美国华盛顿大学信号类相关课程设置、教学内容、教学模式及教学方法,借鉴其研究性教学经验,将研究性教学贯穿于整个教学过程,加强高校电气信息类专业“信号检测、处理及实现”系列课程建设,促进创新型人才培养。     

Antieigenvalues provide a bound on realized signal to noise ratio

We provide a lower bound on realized signal to noise ratio in terms of generalized antieigenvalue. This result shows that there exists a minimum for the loss in discrimination efficiency when an estimate of the covariance matrix is used.     

左中右差分绝对值最大法的边缘检测方法研究

为检测高温环境中微弱信号边缘,提出一种基于区域的左中右差分绝对值最大的边缘检测算法。该算法是图像灰度的统计信息的差分,在一个指定的包含有边缘信息的区域内,综合考虑单个的像素或其周围的像素点灰度值在一个方向上的累加,然后对左、中、右相邻3个像素或累加值两两差分,取3个差分值中绝对值最大的为"左中右差分绝对值最大法"结果。实验表明该方法是可行的,能检测常见经典边缘检测算法不能检测到的微弱信号,对边缘的检测能定位到像素级。     

基于集对分析的雷达信号分选算法

随着新体制、新技术雷达的不断出现,雷达侦察接收机接收到的雷达信号更加密集和复杂,传统的分选方法已不能对其进行有效分选.将雷达脉冲信号与已知雷达的脉冲信号特征两两视为集对,应用集对分析算法,通过计算脉冲信号之间的关联度,实现信号分选.仿真结果表明,该算法不仅简单,易于编程,而且与传统分选算法相比,能实时、高效地实现密集和复杂信号环境下的信号分选任务.     

一种DOA估计的T差分平滑快速算法

针对未知非平稳噪声背景下相干信源的波达方向估计问题,提出了一种T差分平滑快速(TDSF)算法,算法根据非平稳噪声对角占优的特性,通过构造一个T矩阵,对协方差矩阵进行T变差分平滑运算,可同时分辨相干和非相干信源.算法采用幂迭代法直接获得噪声子空间,无需特征值分解,运算量较小,可有效地消除非平稳复噪声的影响,且不存在伪峰问题,适用于广泛的未知非平稳噪声和低信噪比环境.计算机仿真实验证实了算法的有效性.     

体目标射频回波信号实时仿真方法研究

讨论了四种射频回波信号实时仿真方法,即：使用专用硬件加速卡的射频回波信号实时仿真;使用多机系统的射频回波信号实时仿真;基于部分射频回波数据的实时内插或外推;利用ISAR像提取目标的主散射中心进行目标射频回波信号的实时计算。比较了四种实时仿真方法的异同。     

文化经济学的视野:“私有化”与“市场化”反思——兼论“广义科斯定理”和产权公平

西方主流经济学一直把自由市场作为理论的重要起点之一,亦影响到我国经济改革的私有化和市场化走向。另一方面,却是国家在国企垄断和诸如楼市调控中显示出来的强势计划性市场倾向。本文从人类学的经济学或说文化经济学的视角,探讨了上述经济改革中的两难困境:自由市场还是计划性市场?本文由文化群体动力学的信号灯法则引出问题,论证了中国的经济改革不应以私有化和自由市场为方向,也不能回归计划性市场,而应寻找自由市场和计划性市场两端中间的合适平衡态。(1)本文首先指出了自由市场和计划性市场的原初逻辑均是来自人类初民社会,把自由市场归为资本主义或把计划性市场归为社会主义因而争论主义的思维模式存在误区;(2)通过论证广义科斯定理,探讨了自由市场和计划性市场两端论的观点,强调了产权表达的公平秩序是市场的本质。产权改制的核心不是私有化和自由市场之类,而应该是公平配置共有产权(民权基础)和个有产权(人权基础)、合理安排自由市场和计划性市场两端中间的平衡状态。公有制和私有制的意识形态争论是一个伪问题。(3)由两端论的观点讨论了国家角色,指出国家既不可能超脱于自由市场之外,亦不应操控计划市场。它应该正视自己是市场的一部分并为其在国企转制和市场改革...     

Flexible reliability assessment of digital circuits based on signal probability

In order to evaluate the reliability of VLSI, a level matrix for reliability and signal propagation evaluation is proposed based on the combination of probabilistic transfer matrix and signal probability reliability. By appropriate operations of the proposed matrix, reliability and signal probability of the entire circuit as well as the individual output(s) can be obtained flexibly. This new approach realizes hierarchical calculation by the proposed level matrix propagated from the previous state instead of the primary one. The efficiency and feasibility of the proposed method have been verified by both combinational and sequential benchmark circuits.     

Assessing the Benefits and Costs of Homeland Security Research: A Risk-Informed Methodology with Applications for the U.S. Coast Guard

This article describes a methodology for risk-informed benefit–cost analyses of homeland security research products. The methodology is field-tested with 10 research products developed for the U.S. Coast Guard. Risk-informed benefit–cost analysis is a tool for risk management that integrates elements of risk analysis, decision analysis, and benefit–cost analysis. The cost analysis methodology includes a full-cost accounting of research projects, starting with initial fundamental research costs and extending to the costs of implementation of the research products and, where applicable, training, maintenance, and upgrade costs. The benefits analysis methodology is driven by changes in costs and risks leading to five alternative models: cost savings at the same level of security, increased security at the same cost, signal detection improvements, risk reduction by deterrence, and value of information. The U.S. Coast Guard staff selected 10 research projects to test and generalize the methodology. Examples include tools to improve the detection of explosives, reduce the costs of harbor patrols, and provide better predictions of hurricane wind speeds and floods. Benefits models and estimates varied by research project and many input parameters of the benefit estimates were highly uncertain, so risk analysis for sensitivity testing and simulation was important. Aggregating across the 10 research products, we found an overall median net present value of about $385 million, with a range from $54 million (5th percentile) to $877 million (95th percentile). Lessons learned are provided for future applications.     

社会责任投资的盈利机理与运作模式

社会责任投资作为一种新兴投资哲学在发达国家和地区的金融市场得到广泛传播,在我国则尚处于起步阶段,因而对社会责任投资盈利机理与运作模式的研究具有重要意义。在梳理现有文献与社会责任投资现状的基础上,将现有社会责任投资划分为筛选型社会责任投资、股东参与型社会责任投资和社区投资型社会责任投资3种基本类型。从博弈论视角分析各种类型社会责任投资的盈利机理,并结合被投资企业传递的社会责任信号及公司规模等因素,具体阐述各种类型社会责任投资的运作模式。