Using a stress audit: The construction site manager experience in the UK

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct a stress audit among construction industry site managers in the UK as a precursor to a stress management intervention programme. Qualitative data were obtained from in-dept interviews with a total of 36 male middle and senior construction site managers; and aquantitative data were obtained by questionnaire. Based on the analysis of 561 postal quenstionnaires, eight stressor factors were identified, most significantly, ambiguity (i.e. role and task). Job satisfaction levels were low compared to a normative population and influenced by grade level. Measures of mental health were similar to the norm for males, but both grade of management and type of contract affected mental health. Anxiety levels were signficantly high, independent of managerial grade. The stress of work overload and role insecurity (fear of failure) were associated with reduced mental health and high anxiety, and the stress of the organizational culture and climate was the strongest predictor of job dissatisfaction. There was some cause for concern for the vulnerable high-risk groups, i.e. the extreme type A and those working overtime. Medical data from a small subset of managers (n = 78) revealed that this group evidenced a better quality of psychological health than the group in total; but a high percentage of personnel had high levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. Recommendations for action focused on the needs of specific subgroups, and guided the organization on the acceptability of possible interventions at individual, interpersonal and organizational levels.     

有关混凝土侧压力的规律探索和计算分析

现浇混凝土构件在初凝之前对模板产生侧压力，其大小计算一直以来采用前人的经验公式．通过公式推导和工程实例，希望进一步探索出混凝土侧压力的相关作用规律，以指导和改进工程实践．     

中文网站隐私政策制定情况调查与分析

制定网络隐私保护政策是目前国内外网站普遍采用的保护用户隐私的自律措施之一。选择了100家中文“.com”网站为研究对象,对它们的制定隐私政策情况进行调查统计和分析,总结出目前网站隐私政策制定的一般状况。     

人工物技术创造过程中的隐蔽场所理论

作者借鉴系统科学研究的方法,对人工物的技术创造过程及中心法则进行比较分析,指认二者为具有逻辑相应性的同态过程,以中心法则为技术创造的同态概念模型进行分析,反应出信息要素的表达在产品使用价值构成中的关键地位,进而揭示出使用价值的生成存在一个不同于产品制造的场所——一个在以往被忽略了的隐蔽场所。     

牛河梁遗址的易学架构与黄帝《归藏》易传说

据我国古代文献记载,古有三易(《连山》《归藏》《周易》)传说,一般认为伏羲时代施行《连山》易,黄帝时代施行《归藏》易。《归藏》易的特点是重视坤卦,坤为地、属阴,故《归藏》易是一种贵坤崇阴、重视大地和母性的易学。史前考古文化中有仰韶文化庙底沟类型的特征性器物与黄帝行《归藏》易崇阴贵坤的传说相吻合,牛河梁遗址晚期遗存是仰韶文化庙底沟类型与当地原生的以龙纹为特征的红山诸文化碰撞融合而产生的文明火花。牛河梁遗址庙、坛、冢从宏观设计、局部布局、器物造型等各方面都反映出成熟的崇阴贵坤的《归藏》易特征,表现出与黄帝易学传说具有强烈的对应关联。     

百年埃及学研究综述

埃及学从诞生到现在已经有二百多年的历史,但埃及学真正走向科学化,成为一门世界文明研究的重要内容却是在20世纪这一百多年的时间里完成的.在这一百年的时间里,埃及的考古完成了从追逐财宝到建立起一整套科学挖掘整理体系的转变.埃及的重大发现也大多在20世纪问世.作为埃及学学科基础的埃及语言的破译尽管完成较早,但完善的语法体系的建立、科学的文献翻译解说也是在20世纪经由许多埃及学家的努力才日臻完善的.     

异质机构投资者、实地调研与公司财务重述行为

上市公司真实、准确地履行财务信息披露责任,对于保护投资者权益、稳定资本市场具有重要意义。基于2013—2020年中国深圳证券交易所A股上市公司数据,考察了异质机构投资者对公司财务重述行为的影响。研究发现,同交易型机构投资者相比,稳定型机构投资者显著抑制了公司财务重述行为,实地调研则强化了上述抑制作用。机制分析表明,稳定型机构投资者通过改善公司信息环境、提高内部控制水平发挥抑制作用。进一步研究发现,稳定型机构投资者对技术问题型和非技术问题型财务重述行为、欺诈型和非欺诈型财务重述行为均有抑制作用,但实地调研仅强化了对非技术问题型和非欺诈型财务重述行为的抑制作用。因此,监管部门应积极引入稳定型机构投资者,完善投资者实地调研的相关制度,从而形成对上市公司会计信息质量的有效外部监督。     

Forest leaf litter quantity and seedling occurrence along an urban-rural gradient

Leaf litter, by modifying microenvironmental conditions, can alter plant population distributions and is considered to be a major force in structuring many plant communities. Comparative studies of urban, suburban, and rural forests in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area have identified numerous biotic and abiotic differences among these forests, including several involved in leaf litter decomposition. These differences in decomposition among the forests could result in differences in litter quantity on the forest floor and hence microenvironmental conditions and safe sites for germination of different plant species. We conducted a survey of forest floor leaf litter quantity in forests located along an urban-to-rural land-use gradient originating in urban NYC and extending to rural Connecticut. Mean litter depth, mass, and density increased significantly with increased distance of the forest from NYC.We also surveyed woody seedlings and compared the litter depth in which they naturally occurred to the mean litter depth of the surrounding forest. Seedlings of small-seeded species were much more likely to be located in litter shallower than mean forest litter depth than were seedlings of large-seeded species. Taken together, these results suggest that environmental changes associated with urbanization may have profound effects on long-term patterns of forest regeneration.     

杜威的生态审美思想

杜威的实用主义美学思想反对主客二元对立的一贯做法和对生活、艺术做区分的思想;强调经验的重要性,主张恢复艺术品与生活经验的连续性;倡导身体回归场所,在环境中构建公民的生态意识。