试论建立现代农村制度

文章认为 ,建立现代农村制度是中国实现农村现代化的关键。文中论述了现代农村制度的概念、核心、基础 ,以及建立现代农村制度的重大意义、紧迫性和具体措施     

定期租船合同下承运人识别问题研究

在海上货物运输中，以定期租船运输货物时，无论是船东，还是承租人都可能成为承运人。如何确定海上货物运输合同责任主体是海事审判实践中亟待解决的一个理论和实际问题。该文系统分析了定期租船合同下承运人识别问题产生的渊源、承运人识别的依据及其方法，在此基础上作者提出了解决定期租船合同下承运人识别问题的初步建议。     

我国当前人民内部矛盾社会调控滞后的思考

目前在人民内部矛盾的社会调控方面存在着滞后的现状,有可能导致人民内部矛盾的尖锐化、对抗化。我们应该重视这个问题,从发展经济、改进工作、加强干部队伍建设、完善社会保障制度、把法治和德治紧密结合起来等多方面入手,对人民内部矛盾进行有效的社会调控。     

金文中的女性享祭者及其社会地位

以金文中女性享祭情况与男性享祭情况的对比为纬,考查女性享祭者礼遇高低的量化相对值;以不同时期女性享祭情况的发展变化为经,考查女性享祭者礼遇变化的量化绝对值,揭示出殷周社会对女性享祭者的尊崇逐渐减弱的事实,证明殷周女性社会地位极其低微并逐步下降的观点。     

认识你自己:人是什么?

人是什么 ,这是人类思想史上的一个古老话题 ,中外哲学家们都从各自偏好的方面发现了人的本质力量的重要方面。马克思总结中外哲学家的思想 ,提出人的本质并不是单个人所固有的抽象物 ,应该到人的现实存在方式——社会实践中去找寻 ,实践才是人的一切本质力量的源泉和基础 ,人则是实践的主体 ,因而人是通过实践改造世界、改造自己的社会关系及其规范 ,同时改造自身的有理性、有目的的具有主动性和创造性的社会主体     

Can we remember differently? A case study of the new culture of memory in voluntary organisations

This article analyses the positive contribution that Slovenian voluntary, non–governmental organisations, users' organisations and community–based services in the field of mental health have made to the 'new culture of memory' of helpers and users. The conceptual differences between Slovenian psychiatric (institutional) treatment and voluntary community care are presented through the case study of Clare, a young woman who was diagnosed as a chronic schizophrenic. This example shows the importance of community care in voluntary organisations for the reduction of disability associated with mental disorders. The development of the new culture of memory in voluntary organisations and community–based services is not only the 'narrative turn' within social welfare, but also symbolises the 'implicit turn' in the relationship between the helper and the user. The real challenge of the new culture of memory in the process of help to disabled people (in respect of individuals working through traumatic memories) is that the helper can bear and support the user on a daily basis. During the process of their relationship, the deep implicit relational memories of both become activated and influence the change within the user as well as the helper.     

Empathy and professional attitude in social workers and non-trained aides

The purpose of this study was to investigate empathic communication and professional attitude in vocational groups representing different levels of professional training. A further aim was to elucidate some aspects of the impact of the clients. Four groups of professionals participated, three with degrees as social workers and one with only short professional training. Three groups worked with committed drug addicts, one group with somatically ill patients. The 110 subjects were tested with a video-test of professional attitude and empathic communication. Different response patterns were found in the different groups. The group with short training had the highest proportion of unprofessional responses. The group of social workers working with somatically ill patients showed the highest amount of empathic communication. Furthermore, there was a distinction among the kind of unprofessional responses used by the different groups. Hypotheses on the causes of these differences and implications for future research are discussed.     

Medicine on the line? Computer‐mediated social support and advice for people with diabetes

The advent of thousands of Usenet groups on the Internet, covering a vast range of medical and welfare issues and ostensibly devoted to the mutual social support of participating members, has raised the potential for the development of new forms of 'virtual' health care. This article critically analyses the use by people with diabetes of one such Usenet group. It seeks to establish, first, the extent to which such a site provides some demonstrable measure of social support to its participants. This is approached by undertaking a structural analysis of the site to identify the extent of usage, and the nature of supporting interventions using a fivefold classification (instrumental, informational, esteem and social companionship and other). Second, the article attempts to identify any disparity between the lay health-knowledge in evidence and biomedical opinions proffered by the use of a panel of consultant diabetiologists. The results of the analysis suggest that the diabetes newsgroup provides an example of an active forum for largely well-informed participants who routinely use the media as an aid to the reflexive management of their medical condition. It also raises the prospect of a renegotiated relationship between medical knowledge and lay experience based upon shared learning     

"乡约"不等于"乡规民约"

长期以来,学者们在研究中经常将“乡约”与“乡规民约”不加区别地混为一谈。事实上,“乡规民约”是基层社会组织的社会成员共同制定出来供大家共同遵守的一种社会行为规范,而“乡约”是乡村社会中以社会教化为主要目的的一种民间基层组织形式,二者的内涵并不相同,其历史发展也遵循着不同的路径。将“乡约”等同于“乡规民约”的研究方法既违背了历史事实,也混淆了两种不同性质的社会文化现象。     

‘The Effect of Social Networks at Origin Communities on Migrant Remittances: Evidence from Nang Rong District’

The literature on the effect of social networks on migrant remittances has ignored the influence of a household’s embeddedness in social networks in the origin community. This paper, using multilevel statistical modeling and social survey data from Nang Rong district in Thailand, examines how remittances between migrants and origin households are associated with social networks. Social network measures come from data on sibling and rice harvest network ties. Rice harvesting is very important to the rural economy, and households participating in the network are privy to vital sources of news and information that spread through the network. Results support the notion that migrants remit less to households that are isolates in the rice-harvesting network, which is theorized to be associated with access to information about employment options.