融合型治理:县域城镇化何以助推基层治理有效

基层治理有效是国家治理现代化的重要目标,有赖于对基层社会和民众的多元化需求的及时回应与满足。当前,基层治理大多聚焦于治理资源的整合,而对于治理资源如何转化为治理效能的过程和机理则关注不够,在实践层面也忽视了不同单元、类型和需求下基层治理的差异性和非均衡性。县域城镇化与基层治理在场域、过程和目标上具有耦合性,县域城镇化助推基层治理的关键在于,以要素整合为基础实现资源要素与治理需求有效对接,平衡治理场域内的供需关系,以实现治理资源向治理效能的转化。从供需关系的视角出发,重点关注治理资源向治理效能转化的过程与机制,构建“资源整合-供需平衡-治理有效”的融合型治理分析框架,探析县域城镇化助推基层治理有效的实践路径和运行逻辑。四川省邛崃市的实践表明,借助治理要素、治理单元、治理路径和治理效能的有机融合,融合型治理能推动“供需对接-供需适配-供需调节-供需平衡”的供需关系转换,力求实现基层均衡型善治,为县域内不同治理单元撬动城乡发展资源、促进城乡融合、助推基层治理提供支撑。为此,未来要进一步细化县域城镇化进程中基层单元的类型,挖掘基层治理资源与要素,拓展县域城镇化与基层治理的链接方式,不断推动县域城镇化与基层治理的契合和互促。     

论弱势群体的社会法保护

弱势群体的大量存在引发一系列的社会问题,成为构建和谐社会的一大障碍。社会法作为兼具公法与私法双重属性的第三法域,可以为弱势群体提供最佳的保护。我国保护弱势群体的法律制度还不健全,对弱势群体的保护仍存在不足,应进一步完善社会法,向弱势群体倾斜,保障和促进弱势群体享有劳动权、社会保障权、结社权等各项基本人权。     

员工满意指数测评方法及其管理策略研究——以某石油机械制造企业为例

员工满意度是保证用户满意的基础,员工对企业的满意指数越高,越有利于提高员工对产品或服务的质量。阐述影响员工满意的因素和产生的效应,提出员工满意指数结构模型,给出模型中隐变量相对应的观测变量以及描述模型中各相关变量之间关系的数学表达式;区分员工满意度的内在报酬因素和外在报酬因素,采用薪酬组合/员工满意度状态管理方格衡量员工的不同满意度状态,实现员工满意状态的动态管理;制定提高员工满意度的P-D-C-A-R五步循环措施,在管理实践中指导企业提高员工满意度。通过对某石油机械制造企业的实际调查,运用偏最小二乘法进行员工满意分析,得到隐变量相关关系曲线和影响员工满意的主要因素,并对企业进一步持续改进员工满意管理策略提出相应建议。     

创新活动空间集聚及其驱动因素国外研究进展评述

对国外有关创新活动空间集聚的研究文献进行梳理,分析了现有研究取得的成就和存在的问题,对未来研究的几个待突破的方面进行了展望。     

A global meaning of supply chain social sustainability

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to help reduce tensions in supply chain social sustainability (SCSS) decisions by providing a common global, contextual definition of social sustainability. This exploratory study utilised an inductive structured interview method to capture SCSS concept meanings. Those interviewed are from, have lived, and worked in developed economies, emerging economies and the base of the pyramid (BOP) economies. The results present a new global baseline definition of SCSS to inform theory and practice by finding that SCSS meanings differ not only between the different levels of economic development, but also within the levels as well. Culture, community and whether basic human needs are met all weigh into perspectives of what this concept is and should entail; a broad, contingent definition is most appropriate moving forward for sustainability planning and execution. Further research with stakeholders in more countries and communities is needed to validate our proposal.     

网络的外部性分析

以网络外部性来作为分析网络经济效果的切入点 ,不但能清楚了解网络的特性与优势 ,更能对网络优势与其所造成的冲击进行经济分析。无排他性与普遍性是网络最重要也最特殊的特性 ,网络外部性有互依性与非补偿性两项重要的特性。网络的供需调整方式与传统一般产业的供需均衡分析有着很大的差异     

A praxis and Research Agenda for Multicultural Human Services Organizations

Human services organizations in the United States are currently faced with the problems of a diminishing and shifting resource base coupled with increasing demands for services. In addition, national demographic changes with increasing social diversity, and a rise in racial, ethnic, gender and other group-based tensions have posed special challenges for human service organizations. By tracing the history of social work approaches to working with ethnic minorities, this paper argues that responses to environmental flux have in fact been inadequate in addressing issues of social inequalities and injustices. We articulate a vision of socially just and diverse human services organizations that are both empowering and empowered. We call these Multicultural Human Services Organizations (MHSO). We spell out praxis and research agendas that continue the social justice-social diversity mission that is central to our vision.     

From Birth to Death: A Social Monitoring Framework from New Zealand

The paper begins by outlining the development of social indicators work and social monitoring at the national level in New Zealand and comments on how this relates to the international movement. It describes the 'key' indicators/life stage approach developed by the New Zealand Planning Council in the early 1980s. This exercise continues from a university base and the fourth report in the series, entitled Tracking Social Change in New Zealand was published in early 1998. Examples are presented to show how the results can be used to highlight the policy implications of changing social trends.     

Social Sources of Failure in Education: The Case in East and Southeast Turkey

The efficiency of education in East and Southeast Turkey (E&SE) has long been a subject of debate. Both regions are similar to each other and different from the other regions in terms of economy, culture, ethnic origin, and languages spoken. Sahin (1997) studied the efficiency of education in the E&SE and proposed that illiteracy is significantly the highest in both regions, the female student population is significantly lower, and students are significantly less successful in nationwide general proficiency examinations (OSS and OYS) compared to all the other regions. Social sources of failure were studied in terms of the distinguishing characteristics of both regions, from both practical and theoretical standpoints. The findings indicated inequality of educational opportunity rooted in geographical, economical, social (cultural, linguistic), and political factors.     

韩国人口老龄化与老年人社会保障

随着近几十年生育率的持续下降及平均寿命的不断提高 ,韩国人口逐渐出现了老龄化趋势。到下世纪初韩国人口老龄化进程将进一步加快。韩国人口老龄化的显著特征 ,就是在急剧的现代化过程中 ,还没来得及健全老年人社会保障、福利、医疗、保健等制度的情况下将迎来迅速的人口老龄化 ,从而使全社会面临着不断增长的老年人福利、医疗、保健需求