不同焦虑者的归因模式研究

采用测验反应问卷、字母变换任务和成绩归因相结合的研究方法,探讨了45名测验焦虑者的归因方式.结果表明:(1)高、低焦虑者在不同情况下有不同的归因方式;(2)焦虑者将自己的成绩归因于能力、任务难度、努力、机遇、集中注意力等因素,但不同因素在归因中起的作用不同;(3)一致性信息和社会比较信息在高、低焦虑者归因中起的作用也不同;(4)高、低焦虑者归因时对信息的使用具有选择性.     

Software reliability assessment using accelerated testing methods

The use of operational profiles and usage-based testing has received considerable attention recently in the software engineering literature. Testing under the actual operational profile can, however, be expensive, time consuming or even infeasible in situations where the performance of a system is dominated by infrequent but highly critical events. We consider a real application that deals with telecommunications network restoration after network failure caused by cuts in fibre optic cables. We use this application to demonstrate the usefulness of traditional accelerated testing methods to test and estimate software reliability. These methods, which have been extensively used in hardware reliability, have an important role to play in software reliability assessment as well.     

软件企业研发人员激励机制的构建

通过对软件研发人员的人力资源特征及其频繁流动的原因的分析,提出符合软件研发人员特点的激励机制的构建思路:(1)树立“以人为本”的管理思想;(2)建立科学公平的工作绩效评价体系;(3)制定合理有效的薪酬激励机制;(4)加强软件研发人员的培训和深造;(5)实行人性化的弹性工作制度;(6)实施研发人员职业生涯发展计划;(7)建立企业发展的远景目标;(8)建设知识型企业文化。     

Empirical Likelihood for Non-Smooth Criterion Functions

Abstract.  Suppose that X ₁ ,…,  X _n is a sequence of independent random vectors, identically distributed as a d -dimensional random vector X . Let     be a parameter of interest and     be some nuisance parameter. The unknown, true parameters ( μ ₀ , ν ₀ ) are uniquely determined by the system of equations E { g ( X , μ ₀ , ν ₀ )} =   0 , where g  =  ( g ₁ ,…, g _{p + q} ) is a vector of p + q functions. In this paper we develop an empirical likelihood (EL) method to do inference for the parameter μ ₀ . The results in this paper are valid under very mild conditions on the vector of criterion functions g . In particular, we do not require that g ₁ ,…, g _{p + q} are smooth in μ or ν . This offers the advantage that the criterion function may involve indicators, which are encountered when considering, e.g. differences of quantiles, copulas, ROC curves, to mention just a few examples. We prove the asymptotic limit of the empirical log-likelihood ratio, and carry out a small simulation study to test the performance of the proposed EL method for small samples.     

组件技术在微机测试系统中的应用研究

介绍了组件技术在一种具体的测试软件系统中的应用和组件技术在微机测试系统中提高软件的重用性和可靠性的作用，讨论了利用组件技术封装的硬件系统，并给出了封装实例。     

Controlling the size of multivariate outlier tests with the MCD estimator of scatter

Multivariate outlier detection requires computation of robust distances to be compared with appropriate cut-off points. In this paper we propose a new calibration method for obtaining reliable cut-off points of distances derived from the MCD estimator of scatter. These cut-off points are based on a more accurate estimate of the extreme tail of the distribution of robust distances. We show that our procedure gives reliable tests of outlyingness in almost all situations of practical interest, provided that the sample size is not much smaller than 50. Therefore, it is a considerable improvement over all the available MCD procedures, which are unable to provide good control over the size of multiple outlier tests for the data structures considered in this paper.     

面向Agent的需求分析环境

提出了一种面向Agent的信息处理模型及其支撑环境.该模型将客观世界中具有信息处理能力的自主实体视为Agent,通过对Agent的自主行为及它们之间协同工作的描述,建立信息处理过程的模型.由于该建模方法与人们认识现实世界的方法一致,因此,基于该模型的支撑环境更容易适应现实世界.     

略谈外语测试中的常见误区

测试对外语教学有着正面或负面的影响 ,本文结合测试实践列举并剖析了测试中普遍存在的 2 0个误区 ,并提出了切实可行的对策。这对于改善测试质量 ,增强测试的效度和信度和提高教学水平均具有重要意义     

印度软件业崛起探因

印度是世界上五大软件供应国之一,是仅次于美国的第二大计算机软件出口大国,软件产品已远销世界133个国家。印度软件业迅速崛起的原因主要有:大力兴建软件科技园区;高等教育的国际化;高水平的英语和国际化人才;质量管理的国际化和出口导向战略。     

寻求发展的秘密：政治弹性理论的视角——霍伯特·沃林教授的发展观评述

发展理论是一个不同学科共同关注的综合性理论,在经济学、社会学、政治学中分别具有不同的内涵,并形成了大量研究成果.尽管如此,发展理论的发展并不能解释不同国家在发展中存在的各种问题,对人的关注应该成为发展理论的重心.美国马里兰大学霍伯特·沃林教授正是在此背景下提出了政治弹性理论,通过政治和行政的视角来分析社会发展,其基本结构是有弹性的政体能够促进社会发展,而非弹性政体只会阻碍社会的发展.文章在介绍政治弹性理论的同时,围绕发展理论这个主线对其做了简要评述.