The importance of being mature: the effect of demographic maturation on global per capita GDP

Given that savings behaviour and worker productivity have strong life-cycle components and given that demographic profiles vary across countries, population age structure should be linked to differences in levels of economic development. In this paper, we measure the economic importance of age structure variation for the global economy. We find that demographic maturation has been associated with nearly half of the evolution of global per capita GDP since 1960. We also find that age structure differences can account for just over half of the variation in worldwide per capita GDP (i.e. the lack of sigma convergence) observed since 1960.

Does parents’ valuation of children’s health mimic their valuation of own health?

A single latent variable model of health status and therapeutic health care utilization is estimated for parents and own children of 6,557 US households. The equation system that identifies latent health status simultaneously determines a number of indicators of general health, including presence of morbidity symptoms, mobility limitations, medication needs, and utilization of therapeutic health care services. The main goal of the paper was to obtain an unbiased estimate of parents’ marginal substitution rate between own and child health. Results indicate that parents’ valuation of their children’s health exceeds their valuation of own health by almost twofold on average.

“倒按揭”养老模式的精算模型构建与应用

为了推进“倒按揭”养老模式在我国的发展,本文通过对“倒按揭”进行概念解析,构建了个体“倒按揭”精算模型和家庭“倒按揭”精算模型;利用两个模型,测算了固定房产值时的给付标准和固定给付标准时对房产值的要求,研究发现,实行“倒按揭”养老的警戒线为房产净价值136576元;当拥有房产价值227627元时,给付标准可达到城镇居民人均可支配收入水平。     

在坐标空间中原子波包的几率密度

本文首先推导出原子波包在坐标空间中几率密度的一般表达式,然后,以方形波包为例计算了其几率密度,并用计算机绘出了几率波密度随坐标和时间变化的三维曲线图。     

Seasonal forcing on the dynamics ofClethrionomys rufocanus: Modeling geographic gradients in population dynamics

We interpret gradients in population dynamics of the gray-sided vole from the southwestern part of the island of Hokkaido to its northeastern part within the framework of a phenomenological model involving the relative length of summer and winter. In Hokkaido, as in other northern regions, both spring and fall is considered as short transition periods between the two main seasons — summer (the primary breeding season) and winter (the non-reproductive or secondary breeding season). We show that the geographic transition in dynamics may be understood as the combined consequence of different patterns of density-dependence during summer and winter, and geographically varying season lengths. Differences are shown to exist between summer and winter with respect to strength of density-dependence. Direct density-dependence, in particular, is stronger during winter than during summer. A model is presented to show how relative lengths of seasons can induce both stable and periodically fluctuating population dynamics. The results are compared and contrasted with what is otherwise known about the gradient in rodent dynamics in Fennoscandia.     

智能教育软件《数学实验室之一——立体几何》

有了自动推理功能的教育软件会是什么样子？本文主要介绍智能教育软件《数学实验室之一--立体几何》的总体设计思想,系统结构和功能等。     

全球化：转轨与传媒的共有平台

自20世纪90年代以来,国内外的研究者们提供了一系列多视角、多层次的转轨研究成果。但从传媒入手,透过传媒变革考察并解释转轨的研究并不多见。文章从全球化入手,从制度与技术两个层面分析了在全球化的进程中传媒与转轨的互动关系,研究表明,传媒与市场经济、传媒与完政之间高度互动,互相促进：一方面,健康的传媒是现代市场经济必要的制度机制;另一方面,传媒自身特有的政治与意识形态功能,使得传媒变革成为一国政治体制变革进程的指示灯或晴雨表。由此可见,传媒承载并浓缩着一国在特定时期的政治与经济等领域的发展状况,聚焦并解析传媒,可以“一叶知秋”考察出一国市场化发育程度与一国宪政发展状况。     

循环经济背景下企业投资的贴现因子的研究

文章基于传统耐心模型框架,针对企业投资行为带来的环境污染的影响,对相关参与人——政府和企业的耐心进行了分析,分别得出了政府和企业一次和多次博弈的收益贴现,并对政府和企业的收益贴现因子的影响因素进行了分析,为投资行为造成的环境污染治理提出了一些可供参考的解决的方法。     

“轴心期”形成的犹太教文化传统对后世之影响——兼对“犹太模式”的历史考察与未来展望

在德国哲学家雅斯贝斯提出的世界历史的"轴心期"的概念里,犹太人所创立的以犹太教为主旨内容的希伯来文明和中华文明、印度文明一样成为东西方文化传统的源头;探讨轴心期产生的犹太教对后世的基督教和伊斯兰教的影响,可以看出三者同属犹太系宗教的范畴;根据汤因比提出的三种文明解体的模式分析当今世界的格局,可以发现美国似乎正在成为罗马帝国的翻版,而道德至上的中华文明的复兴则给世界的美好未来带来了一丝希望之光。同时,由于犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教同属犹太系宗教,有着很多根本的相同点,所以在人类要共同面对生存危机的条件下也许可以实现和解而和平共处。     

现代教育技术环境下英语教学模式探索

本文着眼于现代教育技术探究小学英语教学的新模式。